应变SiGe沟道pMOSFET的击穿特性

以半导体器件二维数值模拟程序Medici为工具,模拟和对比了SiGe pMOS同Si pMOS的漏结击穿电压随栅极偏压、栅氧化层厚度和衬底浓度的变化关系;研究了SiGe pMOS垂直层结构参数硅帽层厚度、SiGe层厚度及Ge剂量和p+ δ掺杂对于击穿特性的影响.发现SiGe pMOS击穿主要由窄带隙的应变SiGe层决定,击穿电压明显低于Si pMOS并随Ge组分增加而降低;SiGe/Si异质结对电场分布产生显著影响,同Si pMOS相比电场和碰撞电离具有多峰值分布的特点;Si帽层及SiGe层参数对击穿特性有明显影响,增加p型δ掺杂后SiGe pMOS呈现穿通击穿机制.     

应变Si1-xGex沟道PMOSFET空穴局域化研究

为充分利用应变 Si Ge材料相对于 Si较高的空穴迁移率 ,研究了 Si/Si Ge/Si PMOSFET中垂直结构和参数同沟道开启及空穴分布之间的依赖关系。在理论分析的基础上 ,以数值模拟为手段 ,研究了栅氧化层厚度、Si帽层厚度、Si Ge层 Ge组分及厚度、缓冲层厚度及衬底掺杂浓度对阈值电压、交越电压和空穴分布的影响与作用 ,特别强调了 δ掺杂的意义。模拟和分析表明 ,栅氧化层厚度、Si帽层厚度、Si Ge层 Ge组分、衬底掺杂浓度及 δ掺杂剂量是决定空穴分布的主要因素 ,而 Si Ge层厚度、缓冲层厚度和隔离层厚度对空穴分布并不敏感。最后总结了沟道反型及空穴分布随垂直结构及参数变化的一般规律 ,为优化器件设计提供了参考。     

SiGe CMOS结构模拟分析

提出一种新的SiGe CMOS结构,用Medici软件对该结构进行二维模拟,分析应变SiGe层、弛豫SiGe层中Ge组份,δ层掺杂浓度以及Si"帽"层厚度等结构参数对SiGe CMOS电学性能的影响.最后,给出该结构组成的反相器传输特性模拟结果.     

高性能锗硅异质结器件击穿特性的研究

对高频下的SiGe HBT器件击穿特性进行了研究。借助TCAD仿真工具,分析了影响器件击穿特性的基区Ge分布与集电区掺杂浓度超结结构。在3种不同Ge分布下,仿真结果表明,基区Ge的均匀分布有利于提高击穿电压;同时将超结结构引入集电区后,SiGe HBT器件的击穿电压提高了36%,由2.5 V提高到3.4 V。     

SiGe/Si单光子雪崩光电二极管仿真

通过理论模拟CMOS工艺兼容的SiGe/Si 单光子雪崩二极管,研究并讨论了掺杂条件对于电场分布、频宽特性、以及器件量子效率的影响。设计出具有浅结结构、可在盖革模式下工作、低击穿电压(30 V)的1.06 m单光子技术雪崩光电二极管。器件采用分离吸收倍增区结构,其中Si材料作为倍增区、SiGe材料作为吸收区,这充分利用了硅材料较高的载流子离化比差异,降低了器件噪声;在1.06 m波长下,SiGe探测器的量子效率为4.2%,相比于Si探测器的效率提高了4 倍。仿真表明优化掺杂条件可以优化电场分布,从而在APD击穿电压处获得更好的带宽特性。     

用气态源分子束外延生长法制备Si/SiGe/Si nPn异质结双极晶体管

用气态源分子束外延法制备了Si/SiGe/Si npn异质结双极晶体管.晶体管基区Ge组分为0.12,B掺杂浓度为1.5×101 9cm-3, SiGe合金厚度约45nm.直流特性测试表明,共发射极直流放大倍数约50,击穿电压VCE约9V;射频特性测试结果表明,晶体管的截止频率为7GHz,最高振荡频率为2.5GHz.     

超结硅锗功率二极管电学特性的研究

超结SiGe功率开关二极管可以克服常规Si功率二极管存在的一些缺陷,如阻断电压增大的同时,正向导通压降也将增大,反向恢复时间也变长。该新型功率二极管有两个重要特点:一是由轻掺杂的p型柱和n型柱相互交替形成超结结构,代替传统功率二极管的n-基区;二是p+区采用很薄的应变SiGe材料。该器件可以同时实现高阻断电压、低正向压降和快速恢复的电学特性。与相同器件厚度的常规Si功率二极管相比较,反向阻断电压提高了42%,反向恢复时间缩短了40%,正向压降减小了约0.1V(正向电流密度为100A/cm2时)。应变SiGe层中Ge含量和器件的基区厚度是影响超结SiGe二极管电学特性的重要参数,详细分析了该材料参数和结构参数对正向导通特性、反向阻断特性和反向恢复特性的影响,为器件结构设计提供了实用的参考价值。     

3300V沟槽栅IGBT的衬底材料的优化设计

使用TCAD仿真软件对3 300 V沟槽栅IGBT的静态特性进行了仿真设计.重点研究了衬底材料参数、沟槽结构对器件击穿电压、电场峰值等参数的影响.仿真结果表明,随衬底电阻率增加,击穿电压增加,饱和电压和拐角位置电场峰值无明显变化;随衬底厚度增加,击穿电压增加,饱和电压增加,拐角位置电场峰值降低;随沟槽宽度增加,饱和电压降低,击穿电压和拐角位置电场峰值无明显变化;随沟槽深度增加,饱和电压降低,击穿电压无明显变化,拐角位置电场峰值增加;随沟槽拐角位置半径增加,击穿电压和饱和电压无明显变化,但拐角位置电场峰值减小.选择合适的衬底材料对仿真结果进行实验验证,实验结果与仿真结果相符,制备的IGBT芯片击穿电压为4 128 V,饱和电压约为2.18 V.     

Ge/SiGe异质结构肖特基源漏MOSFET

制备了氧化铪(HfO2)高k介质栅Si基Ge/SiGe异质结构肖特基源漏场效应晶体管(SB-MOSFET)器件,研究了n型掺杂Si0.16Ge0.84层对器件特性的影响,分析了n型掺杂SiGe层降低器件关态电流的机理。使用UHV CVD沉积系统,采用低温Ge缓冲层技术进行了材料生长,首先在Si衬底上外延Ge缓冲层,随后生长32 nm Si0.16Ge0.84和12 nm Ge,并生长1 nm Si作为钝化层。使用原子力显微镜和X射线衍射对材料形貌和晶体质量进行表征,在源漏区沉积Ni薄膜并退火形成NiGe/Ge肖特基结,制备的p型沟道肖特基源漏MOSFET,其未掺杂Ge/SiGe异质结构MOSFET器件的空穴有效迁移率比相同工艺条件制备的硅器件的高1.5倍,比传统硅器件空穴有效迁移率提高了80%,掺杂器件的空穴有效迁移率与传统硅器件的相当。     

埋层低掺杂漏SOI高压器件的击穿电压

提出一种具有埋层低掺杂漏(BLD)SOI高压器件新结构。其机理是埋层附加电场调制耐压层电场,使漂移区电荷共享效应增强,降低沟道边缘电场,在漂移区中部产生新的电场峰。埋层电中性作用增加漂移区优化掺杂浓度,导通电阻降低;低掺杂漏区在漏极附近形成缓冲层,改善漏极击穿特性。借助二维半导体仿真器MEDICI,研究漂移区浓度和厚度对击穿电压的影响,获得改善击穿电压和导通电阻折中关系的途径。在器件参数优化理论的指导下,成功研制了700V的SOI高压器件。结果表明:BLD SOI结构击穿电压由均匀漂移区器件的204V提高到275V,比导通电阻下降25%。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks     

Call for Papers—Feature Topic,Vol.12,No.7,2015

正Information Centric Networking Information-Centric Networking(ICN) is an emerging direction in Future Internet architecture research,gaining significant tractions among academia and industry.Aiming to replace the conventional host-to-host communication model by a data-centric model,ICN treats data content as the first