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研究移动机器人优化导航问题,由于系统在动态未知、复杂环境下,研究自主移动机器人导航问题,首先将行为优先级控制与模糊逻辑控制相结合提出了四种基本的行为控制方案:目标查找、避障碍物、目标跟踪与解锁,并采用模糊控制器来实现.然后针对’U’型和’V’型障碍物运行解锁问题,提出了行走路径记忆方法,通过构建虚拟墙来进免机器人再次走... 相似文献
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采用2D激光雷达作为主要传感器,设计了一种未知室内环境下的移动机器人导航策略;该策略首先把机器人室内环境下的导航行为分为3个状态集:墙壁导航、走廊导航和通路导航,然后利用有限状态自动机的原理把这几种状态集融合到一起,构成了一种移动机器人自主探索未知环境的导航策略;该策略的特点在于不依赖里程计的信息,并且也不需要任何的环境地图,实现起来快速准确,对于环境的变化具有较强的鲁棒性;将该策略应用到移动机器人MORCS-1上进行了测试,实验结果表明了算法具有良好的实时性与可靠性. 相似文献
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基于情感与环境认知的移动机器人自主导航控制 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
将基于情感和认知的学习与决策模型引入到基于行为的移动机器人控制体系中, 设计了一种新的自主导航控制系统. 将动力学系统方法用于基本行为设计, 并利用ART2神经网络实现对连续的环境感知状态的分类, 将分类结果作为学习与决策算法中的环境认知状态. 通过在线情感和环境认知学习, 形成合理的行为协调机制. 仿真表明, 情感和环境认知能明显地改善学习和决策过程效率, 提高基于行为的移动机器人在未知环境中的自主导航能力 相似文献
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运动目标跟踪技术是未知环境下移动机器人研究领域的一个重要研究方向。该文提出了一种基于主动视觉和超声信息的移动机器人运动目标跟踪设计方法,利用一台SONY EV-D31彩色摄像机、自主研制的摄像机控制模块、图像采集与处理单元等构建了主动视觉系统。移动机器人采用了基于行为的分布式控制体系结构,利用主动视觉锁定运动目标,通过超声系统感知外部环境信息,能在未知的、动态的、非结构化复杂环境中可靠地跟踪运动目标。实验表明机器人具有较高的鲁棒性,运动目标跟踪系统运行可靠。 相似文献
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在未知的三维环境中,移动机器人自主导航通常需要实时构建与环境全局一致的栅格地图,而现有大部分系统缺少地图更新策略,构建的栅格地图与实际环境不一致.文中将同步定位与建图模块获得的环境信息以点云形式提供给栅格建图模块处理,同时提出基于关键帧的高效数据结构和地图实时更新策略,实时构建可用于移动机器人自主导航的全局一致的地图.室内动态的实验数据测试表明,文中方法可以有效实时更新地图,生成与环境一致的三维栅格地图,支持其后续的自主导航操作. 相似文献
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This paper describes a mobile robot navigation control system based on fuzzy logic. Fuzzy rules embedded in the controller of a mobile robot enable it to avoid obstacles in a cluttered environment that includes other mobile robots. So that the robots do not collide against one another, each robot also incorporates a set of collision prevention rules implemented as a Petri Net model within its controller. The navigation control system has been tested in simulation and on actual mobile robots. The paper presents the results of the tests to demonstrate that the system enables multiple robots to roam freely searching for and successfully finding targets in an unknown environment containing obstacles without hitting the obstacles or one another. 相似文献
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In this paper, a novel algorithm is developed to achieve efficient and smooth navigation for a differential drive mobile robot in unknown environments. The algorithm takes advantage of the essential characteristics of a differential drive robot and combines fuzzy logic with the ideas of Braitenberg vehicles. We have also proposed and tested a new technique for tuning a membership function referred to as NEAR, representing the closeness of the robot to an obstacle. The tuning scheme is obtained based on the distribution directives of the range sensors on the robot. The resulting navigation algorithm has been implemented on a real mobile robot and tested in various environments. Some problems in the implemented algorithm are identified and effective solutions are proposed. Experimental results are presented which demonstrate the effectiveness and improved performance of the resulting Fuzzy–Braitenberg navigation scheme.This research was supported in part by the National Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada under grants RGPIN1345 and RGPIN227612, and the Canada Foundation for Innovation under the New Opportunities Program. 相似文献
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A 3-level autonomous mobile robot navigation system designed by using reasoning/search approaches 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This paper describes how soft computing methodologies such as fuzzy logic, genetic algorithms and the Dempster–Shafer theory of evidence can be applied in a mobile robot navigation system. The navigation system that is considered has three navigation subsystems. The lower-level subsystem deals with the control of linear and angular volocities using a multivariable PI controller described with a full matrix. The position control of the mobile robot is at a medium level and is nonlinear. The nonlinear control design is implemented by a backstepping algorithm whose parameters are adjusted by a genetic algorithm. We propose a new extension of the controller mentioned, in order to rapidly decrease the control torques needed to achieve the desired position and orientation of the mobile robot. The high-level subsystem uses fuzzy logic and the Dempster–Shafer evidence theory to design a fusion of sensor data, map building, and path planning tasks. The fuzzy/evidence navigation based on the building of a local map, represented as an occupancy grid, with the time update is proven to be suitable for real-time applications. The path planning algorithm is based on a modified potential field method. In this algorithm, the fuzzy rules for selecting the relevant obstacles for robot motion are introduced. Also, suitable steps are taken to pull the robot out of the local minima. Particular attention is paid to detection of the robot’s trapped state and its avoidance. One of the main issues in this paper is to reduce the complexity of planning algorithms and minimize the cost of the search. The performance of the proposed system is investigated using a dynamic model of a mobile robot. Simulation results show a good quality of position tracking capabilities and obstacle avoidance behavior of the mobile robot. 相似文献
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在未知环境中基于模糊逻辑的移动机器人行为控制 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
本文介绍了一种在未知环境中基于模糊逻辑的移动机器人行为控制方法.传统的行为控制方法存在两个弱点:①行为不易描述;②多个行为之间的冲突和竞争难以协调.这篇文章的主要思想是将模糊逻辑控制与行为控制相结合致使这两个问题得到有效的解决.仿真实验结果表明:所提的方法通过多个行为如避障边沿行走和目标导向的融合,能够有效地对机器人在复杂和未知环境中导航.另外,该方法还适用于多传感器的融合与集成. 相似文献
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移动机器人的可重构控制系统 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
针对未知环境下如何提高移动机器人导航控制系统的柔性和鲁棒性,分析了复杂控制系统(Complex Control System)的体系结构,以异构多Agent系统理论为基础,提出了一种可在多个层次上动态重构的控制系统设计方案,有效地增强了移动机器人的适应能力,为实现控制系统跟随任务和环境变化而动态配置提供了一条可行的途径。设计方案在移动机器人MORCS-I上得到了初步的技术验证,部分实验数据展示了重构控制的实际效果,所具有的通用性表明其亦适合应用于其他类型的复杂控制系统。 相似文献
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Xiaoyu Yang Mehrdad Moallem Rajni V Patel 《IEEE transactions on systems, man, and cybernetics. Part B, Cybernetics》2005,35(6):1214-1224
Most conventional motion planning algorithms that are based on the model of the environment cannot perform well when dealing with the navigation problem for real-world mobile robots where the environment is unknown and can change dynamically. In this paper, a layered goal-oriented motion planning strategy using fuzzy logic is developed for a mobile robot navigating in an unknown environment. The information about the global goal and the long-range sensory data are used by the first layer of the planner to produce an intermediate goal, referred to as the way-point, that gives a favorable direction in terms of seeking the goal within the detected area. The second layer of the planner takes this way-point as a subgoal and, using short-range sensory data, guides the robot to reach the subgoal while avoiding collisions. The resulting path, connecting an initial point to a goal position, is similar to the path produced by the visibility graph motion planning method, but in this approach there is no assumption about the environment. Due to its simplicity and capability for real-time implementation, fuzzy logic has been used for the proposed motion planning strategy. The resulting navigation system is implemented on a real mobile robot, Koala, and tested in various environments. Experimental results are presented which demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed fuzzy navigation system. 相似文献
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本文分析了未知远程环境下移动机器人导航过程中进化学习的效率和知识更新
问题,提出了并行进化模型来解决此问题,并设计和论证了高效的并行进化计算机.最后通
过实验和仿真证实基于并行进化模型移动机器人在未知环境中导航是可行的和有效的. 相似文献