共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 93 毫秒
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为了降低浓差极化和膜污染,剪切强化膜分离技术成为当前膜技术方面的研究热点。剪切强化膜分离技术主要包括旋转管式剪切膜分离技术、旋转盘式剪切膜分离技术和振动剪切膜分离技术。旋转管式和旋转盘式剪切膜分离技术都是通过旋转使膜表面产生剪切力来减少膜表面的污染物。振动剪切膜分离是通过扭转弹簧将偏心块产生的振动传递到过滤膜盘,振动产生的剪切力使污染物不易沉积。旋转管式和旋转盘式剪切膜分离技术因设备旋转耗能较大,从而限制了其实际应用的广泛性。振动剪切膜分离技术能耗较低,且可以浓缩浓度较高的液体,但其核心技术被垄断而限制了推广。因此,振动剪切膜分离技术的研究和设备的开发将是未来研究的重点。 相似文献
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往复旋转管式陶瓷膜过滤系统通过膜组件往复旋转在膜表面反复产生高剪切率,达到减缓膜污染的效果。在相同操作条件下,与单向旋转过滤和死端过滤相比较,往复旋转过滤具有更好的减缓膜污染的作用。本实验利用往复旋转膜过滤装置超滤脱脂奶水溶液,考察了各种参数对该膜系统过滤特性的影响。实验结果表明,料液浓度增大,膜通量减小;过高的操作压差将会抑制膜通量增加;旋转速度增大,膜表面剪切强化作用增强,膜通量相应增大;膜稳态通量随往复旋转周期增大呈现先增大后减小的趋势。当料液速度达到膜组件转速时,瞬时反方向旋转膜组件,膜表面产生最大的剪切率,膜稳态通量也达到最大值。能耗分析表明,往复旋转过滤较单向旋转过滤单位通量能耗低。 相似文献
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肇转流强化管式膜微滤过程中分离因数研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
分离因数是影响旋转流强化管式膜微滤过程的关键操作变量之一,本文首先对管式膜分离器内分离因数的分布特征进行了研究,然后,不仅从理论上研究了分离因数对过滤过程行为的影响,而且进行了探讨分离因数对过滤性能的影响的试验研究,结果表明,管式膜分离器内分离因数没轴向从顶部底部呈迅速减小的分布特征;分离因数的增大,可使过滤过程推动力提高,并使外旋流时过滤过程中固相颗粒不易向膜面迁移并沉积,但加剧了内旋流时过滤过 相似文献
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旋转流强化管式膜微滤过程中分离因数研究 总被引:5,自引:2,他引:5
分离因数是影响旋转流强化管式膜微滤过程的关键操作变量之一。本文首先对管式膜分离器内分离因数的分布特征进行了研究,然后,不仅从理论上研究了分离因数对过滤过程行为的影响,而且进行了探讨分离因数对过滤性能影响的试验研究。结果表明,管式膜分离器内分离因数沿轴向从顶部到底部呈迅速减小的分布特征;分离因数的增大,可使过滤过程推动力提高,并使外旋流时过滤过程中固相颗粒不易向膜面迁移并沉积,但加剧了内旋流时过滤过程中固相颗粒向膜面迁移并沉积的趋势;在悬浮液固相浓度保持一定时,过滤通量随分离因数的增大而提高 相似文献
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罗益锋 《高科技纤维与应用》2013,(5):1-7
介绍了国内外用于人工肾的中空纤维透析膜、用于废水处理的微滤、超滤中空纤维及膜生物反应器(MBR)、用于海水淡化的中空纤维反渗透膜、用于气体分离及有机物代精馏的中空纤维膜、用于双亲和性吸附蛋白质的固定双配合剂多微孔中空纤维膜、用于回收海水资源的微滤和纳滤膜、用于脱氧核糖核酸链(DNA)切片的内含亲水性聚合物的中空纤维膜以及新型电池隔膜. 相似文献
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Commercial microporous polypropylene (PP) membranes were modified by plasma-induced graft polymerization of acrylic acid (AAc) under UV irradiation. Under optimized conditions obtained membranes are hydrophilic and may be serviceable as separator in nickel-cadmium cell. Electrolytic resistance of modified membranes is evaluated and compared with that of commercial separators: conventional cellophane separation and hydrophilic polypropylene separation (Celgard 3501). This paper reports the maximum power test data for nickel-cadmium cells equipped with different separators. Cells with modified PP membrane show very good high-rate performance. 相似文献
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氢气在钯膜中的传递服从"溶解-扩散"机理。钯膜可以单独组成膜分离器,用于生产高纯度的氢气,也可以与氢气的生产过程相耦合,形成钯膜反应器,用于通过再线的氢气分离打破制氢过程的化学反应平衡,一步法生产高纯氢气。主要介绍了当前膜分离器和反应器的研发进展,介绍了几种膜分离器及反应器的概念设计,并指出了钯膜技术的发展方向。 相似文献
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Pimchaya Luangaramvej Peeranuch Poungsripong Stephan Thierry Dubas 《Polymer International》2022,71(1):139-145
Polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) membranes prepared from poly(styrene sulfonate) (PSS) and poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDADMAC) were modified by crossflow polymerization of aniline (ANI). The PEC membranes were used as separators in a two-compartment setup where ANI monomer and ammonium persulfate (APS) oxidant diffused through the membranes to form polyaniline (PANI). APS and ANI having different distributions throughout the membranes, the reaction led to the asymmetric polymerization of PANI on one face of each PEC membrane thus producing Janus membranes. Due to the excess PANI content, the membrane displayed distinct asymmetric electrical conductivities on each face. Interestingly, very different ANI polymerizations were obtained when nonstoichiometric PEC membranes having different molar ratio of cationic and anionic polyelectrolytes (P+:P? represents PDADMAC:PSS) were used and transport of APS was fastest through the 2:1 PEC when compared to the 1:2 PEC. In all experiments, the polymerization was most intense on the ANI side of the membranes. Also, the influence of NaCl both during PEC fabrication and during polymerization was studied and found to have some effect on the solute permeability. Results showed that a higher content of PANI was formed on PEC membranes having excess P+ and with no NaCl added during PEC fabrication. Although X-ray diffraction confirmed the presence of PANI on both sides of each membrane, scanning electron microscopy images demonstrated that both sides of each membrane had different PANI content deposited. Electrical conductivity measurements using a four-point probe setup also showed that the PEC–PANI exhibits asymmetric electrical property on different sides. © 2021 Society of Industrial Chemistry. 相似文献
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综述了陶瓷微滤膜的国内外研究发展现状,介绍了一些陶瓷微滤膜的制备方法及其在膜法制乳、水处理、催化膜反应器及气体分离等领域中的应用,并对其应用前景进行了展望。 相似文献
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Mide Luo Zong Lu Yali Zhao Yufei Wang Yanying Wei Haihui Wang 《American Institute of Chemical Engineers》2023,69(8):e18105
Accurately constructing membranes based on two-dimensional (2D) materials on commercial porous substrates remains a significant challenge for H2 purification. In this work, a series of tubular 2D MXene membranes are prepared on commercial porous stainless steel substrates via fast electrophoretic deposition. Compared with other methods, such as filtration or drop coating, and so on. such preparation route shows the advantages of simple operation, high efficiency for membrane assembly (within 5 min) with attractive reproducibility, and ease for scale-up. The tubular MXene membranes present excellent gas separation performance with hydrogen permeance of 1290 GPU and H2/CO2 selectivity of 55. Furthermore, the membrane displays extremely stable performance during the long-term test for more than 1250 h, and about 93% of the membranes from one batch have exceeded the DOE target for CO2 capture. Most importantly, this work provides valuable referential significance for other 2D materials-based membranes for future application development. 相似文献