人工诱导牙鲆异质雌核发育群体的微卫星标记分析

采集牙鲆成熟精、卵,通过紫外线照射精子和冷休克处理受精卵,经形态学和染色体计数检测获得了异质雌核发育牙鲆群体,采用筛选获得的10对高多态性的微卫星引物对该群体进行了遗传变异分析。结果为：10对引物中,Po91可能因为出现了无效等位基因而没有扩增产物,其余9对引物全都扩增出目的片段,其中7对表现出多态性,其多态座位比例为77．8％,平均杂合度为0．3856,明显低于自然和养殖群体;在具多态性的7个基因座位上均发生了基因一着丝点之间的重组,重组率在42．6％～100％之间。通过抑制第二极体排出获得的牙鲆雌核发育群体在个体和群体水平尚具有一定的基因杂合。     

应用微卫星标记分析柱花草的遗传多样性

采用18个微卫星(SSR)DNA标记对42个柱花草品系进行了遗传多样性分析，共扩增出84条带，其中多态性带71条，平均多态性水平为84．5％。运用POPGEN32软件计算了各品系的等位基因频率、多态性信息含量、遗传杂合度、等位基因数及有效等位基因数，结果表明，抗病柱花草品系的遗传变异高于感病柱花草品系的遗传变异程度。用NTSYS-pc软件计算品系间的遗传相似系数，其变化范围为0．26～0．94。按非加权成对平均数法(UPGMA)进行聚类分析，获得了聚类树系图，以所有品系的平均遗传相似系数0．60为阈值，42个品系分为6类。这些结果表明，SSR技术是分析柱花草遗传多样性的有效方法。     

Colorimetric evaluation of admixture adsorption by fly ash for use in air-entrained concrete

A colorimetric absorption test for evaluating fly ash/air-entraining admixture (AEA) behaviour with regard to their use in concrete was investigated. Acid blue 80 (AB80) standard dye sorbate (typically used to examine activated carbon) was considered. Initial experiments established a calibration between the concentration of AB80 in solution and absorbance; and a suitable test procedure to determine the AB80 adsorption (i.e. difference in initial and final concentrations of AB80 solution after exposure to fly ash). In general, a 2.0?g fly ash sample in 100?ml of 100?mg/l AB80 and a contact time of 30?min were satisfactory test conditions. Factors including dye adsorption during filtration and the effect of high/low adsorption fly ashes were examined and methods for dealing with these described. To evaluate the test, 15 fly ashes were considered and their AB80 adsorptions compared with several markers of fly ash/AEA behaviour. This gave reasonable agreement with loss-on-ignition, and very good correlations with specific surface area (measured by N₂ adsorption) and foam index. In general, 1?mg of AB80 was adsorbed per m2 surface area of fly ash. The study also investigated relationships between AB80 adsorption and admixture doses required (using several AEAs) to achieve target air contents in mortar and concrete, which gave very good correlations. The practical implications of the study were considered and it is suggested that the AB80 method has potential both as a test for characterising fly ash and in air-entrained concrete production with the material.     

提高线阵CCD测量光束中心位置精密度的方法

用线阵CCD测量类钟形分布的光束中心位置时,常用高斯分布模型和最小二乘（LSM）回归计算。提出一种用准高斯分布以提高测量灵敏度、用截取阈值较高的方式以减少噪声影响、用加权LSM回归以提高精密度的方法。由于高斯曲线拟合时的因变量不等权,选用加权回归和等权回归相比,ADC化整误差和光电测量误差的影响将减小一个数量级。根据CCD器件的参数,能够确定像元数据的误差限值。再用蒙特卡罗法模拟误差分布规律,通过截尾分布数值的加权回归,求出使测量精密度提高的合理光束宽度范围。已将此方法用于冲击电流计的改进设计和位移测量,使微电流测量的精密度提高达两个数量级,并使30mm内的微位移测量的非线性标准差不大于0．0025％。     

Cavity/Inclusion Detection in Plane Linear Elastic Bodies Using Linear Sampling Method

In this paper, solution of inverse problems in elastostatic fields is investigated. For this purpose, we propose a qualitative inverse approach based on linear sampling method (LSM) for cavity/inclusion detection in a two-dimensional (2D) isotropic linear elastic body using measurement of data on the boundary. The LSM is an effective approach to image the geometrical features of unknown targets. Although the LSM has been used in the context of inverse scattering problems such as acoustics, and electromagnetism, there is no specific attempt to apply this method for identification of cavities/inclusions in inverse elastostatic problems. This study emphasizes the implementation of the LSM coupled with the finite element method (FEM). A set of numerical simulations on 2D elastostatic problems is presented to highlight many effective features of the proposed LSM fast qualitative identification method.     

Results of Long-Term Stability Tests Performed for the Eutectics Co�CC and Pt�CC

The stability of the Co?CC and Pt?CC eutectic fixed points is investigated in this article. Six cells were employed for the testing. Two existing cells, a Co?CC cell with a C/C sheet incorporated and a Pt?CC cell equipped with a graphite sleeve that had been previously aged, were studied to determine the presence of anomalous drifts or degrading robustness that may possibly appear when the testing period is extended. The stability of four cells of a new design, a Co?CC cell and three Pt?CC cells, which were constructed in a hybrid manner, to include a sleeve, foil lining, and two of them with a cavity support, were likewise tested. Results show that different designs of Pt?CC cells can exhibit good stability. However, for Co?CC cells, the cavity rift remains a problem. The possible reasons for this rift and methods for increasing cell life are discussed.     

青年大学生身体意象的性别差异

目的观察青年大学生身体意象的构成特征,探讨身体意象和体脂肪含量的性别差异。方法采用横向对比研究设计,选取18～22岁在读大学生198名,分别采用生物电阻测量法（BIA）完成体脂肪含量测量和采用问卷调查法完成身体意象测试。结果①大学生身体意象有身体各部位满意度、外表评估、外表取向、过重评价、体重自我评量5个构成特征;②女大学生体脂肪含量百分比显著大于男大学生;（3）性别因素在身体意象各个构成特征上存在明显主效应,体脂肪含量对身体各部位满意度、外表评估和体重自我评量3个维度有明显作用,性别和体脂肪含量在身体意象各个构成特征上存在显著的交互作用。结论大学生身体意象各个构成特征上存在显著的性别差异,男生对自己的体重可能存在“低估现象”,而女生对自己的体重可能存在“高估现象”。     

Human platelet antigens polymorphisms and susceptibility of thrombosis in hemodialysis patients

To investigate the association between the polymorphisms of human platelet antigen (HPA)-1,2,3,4,5 and susceptibility to develop thrombosis accident in arteriovenous fistula (AVF), genomic DNA of 112 hemodialysis (HD) patients and 100 healthy blood donors were genotyped by PCR-SSP. The patients were classified into 2 groups: G1 included 54 HD patients presented at least one thrombotic episode on the level of the AVF, and G2 included 58 HD patients without any episode of thrombosis. The allelic frequencies of HPA-1, 2, 3, and 5 among patients and controls did not reveal significant differences. However, the HPA-4b allele was significantly more frequent in G1 than in controls or in G2 patients (23.1% vs. 11.5% and 0.9%, respectively), p<0.01 and p<0.001. The genotype distribution of HPA-4 polymorphism reveals that the HPA-4a4b genotype was more frequent in G1 patients (23/54: 42.6%) than in all HD patients (25/112: 22.3%) or in G2 patients (1/58: 1.72%) (p<0.001, odds ratio: 45.6). Among 24 HD patients with HPA-4a4b genotype, 23 (96%) developed at least 1 or more thrombotic episode on the level of their AVF. However, 30 patients (34.5%) among 87 HD patients with HPA-4a4a genotype presented thrombotic episode (p<0.001). These results reveal a significant association between HPA-4a4b and thrombosis, and it is likely that HPA polymorphisms could be useful markers for potential risk of thrombosis in hemodialysis.     

Comparison of Co�CC and Pd�CC Eutectic-Point Cells for Thermocouple Calibration Between LNE-Cnam and NMIJ

Evaluation of the melting temperatures of two Co?CC and two Pd?CC eutectic-point cells were performed using three Pt/Pd thermocouples constructed at LNE-Cnam and NMIJ. During the comparison of cells, Pt/Pd thermocouples were evaluated at the Ag fixed point, at which their drifts and inhomogeneity represented differences within 0.03 °C and 0.14 °C, respectively. One Co?CC cell and one Pd?CC cell were designed and constructed at LNE-Cnam, while one Co?CC cell and one Pd?CC cell were designed and constructed at NMIJ. In spite of differences in cell design and in materials sources, melting points of Co?CC and Pd?CC eutectic-point cells realized using LNE-Cnam high-temperature furnace agreed within approximately 0.02 °C and 0.01 °C, respectively. Furthermore, the realizations of the Pd?CC eutectic point at LNE-Cnam and NMIJ agreed within a temperature equivalent of approximately 0.11 °C. The uncertainty of the realization was estimated to be approximately 0.14 °C (k = 2), with a major contribution from the inhomogeneity of the thermocouple.     

应用RAMP分子标记探讨仲彬草属的种间关系

对仲彬草属Kengyilia14个种和1个变种进行了RAMP分析。结果表明物种间遗传差异明显。40个引物组合产生的254条DNA扩增片段中，216条(85．0％)具有多态性，每个引物组合可扩增出l一9条多态性带，平均5．4条。遗传相似系数变化范围为0．327—0．886，平均值为0．549。同时，形态相似、地理分布一致的物种有一定的亲缘关系，聚类在一起。这与RAPD、形态学和细胞学等分析结果基本一致。因此，RAMP评分子标记是评价仲彬草属种间关系十分有效的方法。     

Ammonia borane confined by poly(methyl methacrylate)/multiwall carbon nanotube nanofiber composite,as a polymeric hydrogen storage material

In this work, poly(methyl methacrylate)/ammonia borane/multiwall carbon nanotube (PMMA/AB/MWCNT) nanofiber composites have been fabricated and the synergetic nanoconfinement effect of nanofiber and CNT components on dehydrogenation temperature and liberating unwanted byproducts of AB (NH₃BH₃) have been studied. The results of dehydrogenation of PMMA/AB and PMMA/AB/MWCNT samples show 112 and 85 °C exothermic reaction temperatures, which are dramatically lower than pure AB (120 °C). Furthermore, by capture and interaction of AB molecules in the MWCNT and PMMA nanofiber structures, the enthalpy of exothermic decomposition decreases from ?21.00 to ?1.83 kJ mol^?1 H₂, suggesting that this type of AB nanofiber composite can provide a convenient reversible hydrogen storage material. The utilization of MWCNT as carbon catalyst and confining of AB result in a decrease of ammonia borane weight loss from 60.00 to 2.88 wt% which in turn can vigorously decline the emission of byproduct impurities. The synthesis process of PMMA/AB/MWCNT nanofiber composites causes the crystal structure of AB particles changed to the amorphous structure which has been clearly confirmed by X-ray diffraction analyses. The strategy of combining nanofiber structure and MWCNT as carbon catalyst with AB particles can be presented as a practicable solution to reach lower operational temperature and to decline undesirable volatile products.