时效温度对Custom 465钢力学性能的影响

 研究了经980 ℃固溶处理后再进行200~900 ℃热处理对Custom 465钢力学性能和奥氏体含量的影响。结果表明：为了使Custom 465钢的强韧性配合最佳,应进行适当的过时效处理,即在510~540 ℃温度区间进行时效处理。在450~480 ℃范围时效时,由于强烈的共格应变,导致Custom 465钢的韧塑性急剧下降,因此实际生产中应避免在该温度区间时效。实验结果证明,随时效温度升高,逆转变奥氏体是促使Custom 465钢韧性提高的原因之一。     

固溶温度对Custom 465钢组织与性能的影响

在510 ℃时效条件下,研究了固溶温度在700～1 050 ℃范围内变化对Custom 465钢晶粒度、奥氏体和力学性能的影响.采用扫描电镜对不同固溶温度下冲击试样的断口进行了分析.结果表明,Custom 465钢的最佳固溶温度在900～950 ℃温度范围内;时效态钢中奥氏体主要为逆转变奥氏体.     

预先冷轧变形对马氏体时效钢强化的影响

系统研究了预先冷轧变形对马氏体时效钢强化的影响,研究结果表明:510℃×3 h时效引起的强度净增加值恒定,与冷轧变形量无关,最终的强度为:σ=σ0 △σCR △σAge,即初始强度、冷加工强化和时效强化的叠加,其中只有冷加工强化△σCR随变形量变化.电子衍射花样及衍射斑强度分布证实:510℃×3 h时效后马氏体基体内析出六方结构的Ni3(Ti,Mo)和正交结构的Ni3 Mo,冷轧变形量对时效析出行为没有明显的影响.     

冷轧工艺对奥氏体不锈钢组织性能的影响

通过对亚稳定奥氏体不锈钢SUS301L和稳定奥氏体不锈钢SUS309进行10％～70％的冷轧变形,研究了两个典型奥氏体不锈钢的组织和力学性能演变.结果表明,SUS301L不锈钢在冷轧变形过程中发生形变马氏体的转变,马氏体形核于剪切带的交叉点处,形核点的不断连接长大成为板条的形变马氏体;而SUS309通过滑移来协调塑性变形,冷变形过程中不发生马氏体转变.二者均有明显的加工硬化,即硬度和强度均随着冷轧变形量的增加而升高,延伸率表现为相反的趋势.但SUS301L是位错累积和形变马氏体转变量增加的综合作用,而SUS309仅是位错不断累积增多的结果.     

变形和硼对低碳HSLA钢显微组织和连续冷却转变的影响

1前言 近年来，人们非常关注高级别石油、天然气管线钢，如API120。高级别管线钢需要精确的化学成分设计和获得以剪切转变机制为主的奥氏体转变工艺，如下贝氏体和板条马氏体转变工艺，以获得高强度、韧性和焊接性能的钢材。但是，低碳HSLA钢的连续相变和微观结构比高碳和中碳钢更复杂。     

冷轧变形量对304不锈钢力学性能的影响

 研究304奥氏体不锈钢薄板的硬度随冷轧变形量的变化规律,为奥氏体不锈钢薄板工业生产提供指导。同时,采用金相显微镜、维氏硬度测量、X-射线衍射仪和透射电镜研究了不同变形量冷轧对304不锈钢显微组织和机械性能的影响。在室温对0.5mm厚退火板材进行冷轧,使冷轧变形量从10%增加到52%。结果表明,形变诱发马氏体相变是导致304不锈钢冷轧时产生加工硬化的主要原因,冷轧可以显著提高钢的强度和硬度。当冷轧变形至40%时,304不锈钢的维氏硬度是未变形时的2.2倍,屈服强度、抗拉强度分别增大到未变形时的4.2倍（880MPa）和1.8倍（1312MPa）。     

冷轧变形量对Nb-Ti微合金化IF钢组织和性能的影响

试验研究了Nb-Ti微合金化无间隙原子(IF)钢(/%:0.006C、O.005Si、0.15Mn、0.008P、0.006S、0.039A1、0.01Nb、0.048 Ti、0.003 4N)在实验4辊冷轧机由3.98 mm热轧机冷轧至0.4mm(变形量40%～90%)过程组织和力学性能的变化。结果表明,随着冷轧变形量的增加,Nb-Ti微合金化IF钢组织中晶粒逐渐变为细小且纤维化,第二相粒子趋于沿轧制方向排列;钢的硬度、屈服强度、抗拉强度均增加,伸长率下降。变形量在75%和77%时出现低的屈强比,并可获得好的综合力学性能。     

冷轧变形量对Mn13耐磨钢组织和性能的影响

采用拉力试验、金相检验、X-射线衍射分析（XRD）和透射电镜（TEM）研究了冷轧变形量（12.7%~38.3%）对耐磨钢Mn13（/%:0.98C,0.45Si,13.1Mn,0.024P,0.002S,0.65Cr,0.06Mo,0.05V）7.0~10.0 mm板力学性能、组织和相对导磁率的影响。结果表明,随着冷轧变形量增加,Mn13钢的强度、表面硬度及屈强比等明显增加,当变形量由0增加至38.3%时,钢的抗拉强度、表面硬度（HB）值和屈强比分别由1 030 MPa,305和0.50提高至1450 MPa,460和0.79,同时伸长率由28%降至2.5%。加工硬化过程中,没有发生马氏体转变,形变孪晶的数量和位错密度增加,大量的形变孪晶、高密度位错是Mn13钢产生加工硬化的主要原因。     

回火对冷轧AISI301不锈钢力学性能的影响

使用磁性试验、透射式电子显微镜的选区电子衍射和中心暗场技术以及X射线衍射等方法,分析了国产17-7冷轧不锈钢薄带轧态、轧后经380℃回火处理后钢的显微组织、钢中奥氏体和马氏体相对含量,并与法国AISI301不锈钢带材进行了比较,讨论了冷轧及回火处理对AISI301不锈钢力学性能的影响。     

Effect of Cold Deformation on Phase Evolution and Mechanical Properties in an Austenitic Stainless Steel for Structural and Safety Applications

 Abstract： The effects of cold deformation on the formation of strain induced α′ martensite and mechanical properties of an austenitic stainless steel have been examined. X-ray diffraction analysis has revealed that 30% and 40% cold rolling have resulted in the formation of 24% and 315% martensite respectively. Microstructural investigation has demonstrated that the formation of martensite is enhanced with increase in the percent deformation at 0 ℃. Investigation of mechanical properties reveals that hardness, yield strength and tensile strength values increase where as percent elongation drops with increasing deformation. The fractographic observation corroborates the tensile results. Examination of sub-surface at the fractured end of the tensile sample manifests that void/microcrack nucleation occurs in the interfacial regions of the martensite phase as well as at the austenite-martensite interface.     

Influence of Tempering Process on Mechanical Properties of 00Cr13Ni4Mo Supermartensitic Stainless Steel

To investigate the influence of tempering process on microstructural evolutions and mechanical properties of 00Cr13Ni4Mo supermartensitic stainless steel(SMSS),specimens were tempered in the temperature range of 520-720 ℃ for 3 h followed by air cooling and an optimized tempering temperature was chosen to prolong holding time from 3 to 12 h.After heat treatments,microstructure examination was conducted by scanning electron microscope,X-ray diffraction examinations,hardness measurements and tensile tests.The results revealed that the superior mechanical properties were achieved by quenching at 1040 ℃ for 1 h+water cooling and tempering at 600 ℃ for 3 h+air cooling.Increasing isothermal tempering time could improve the toughness notably.It was believed that the property was correlated with the microstructure of tempered lath martensite and retained austenite.More retained austenite content is beneficial to the higher toughness of the SMSS.     

Effect of Additive Cu10Sn Alloy on Sintering Behavior of Elemental Powders in Composition of 465 Stainless Steel

 The addition of Cu 10Sn alloy for developing the high strength 465 maraging stainless steel from elemental powders was studied. The sintering parameters investigated include the sintering temperature, the sintering time, and the mass percent of Cu 10Sn. For vacuum sintering, effective sintering occurs at temperature between 1 250 ℃ and 1 300 ℃. The maximum sintered density was achieved at 1 300 ℃ for 60 min with 3% (in mass percent) Cu 10Sn alloy. More than 3% (in mass percent) Cu 10Sn content and temperature above 1 300 ℃ caused slumping of the samples. A maximum density of 74 g/cm3 was achieved with 3% (in mass percent) Cu 10Sn content at a sintering temperature of 1 300 ℃ for 60 min. A maximum ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of 517 MPa was achieved with 3% (in mass percent) Cu 10Sn content. With content higher than 2% (in mass percent) Cu 10Sn, a maximum increase in the density was observed. The fracture morphologies of the sintered samples are also reported.     

冷加工对316L不锈钢力学行为和组织的影响

采用室温拉伸及硬度测试研究了不同的冷变形量对316L不锈钢室温力学性能及硬度的影响,并通过OM、TEM对冷变形后组织结构的观察,分析讨论了不同变形后力学性能及硬度的变化机制.结果表明,冷变形使材料的强度和硬度得到大幅度提高,但塑性有所降低.冷变形量为25％时,钢的屈服强度可达到745 MPa,同时伸长率达到19.3％.随冷变形量的不同,该钢加工硬化能力不同.变形量低于2.5％时,强度、硬度增加的速度较快,而变形量高于约2.5％后,强度、硬度增加的速度却相对较小,其原因是变形机制不同.另外,冷变形后钢的屈服强度与硬度有着相似的变化规律,由此提出了由冷变形后硬度变化预测冷变形后拉伸屈服强度的方程.     

合金元素对马氏体时效强化不锈钢力学性能的影响

探讨了合金元素对马氏体时效不锈钢各项力学性能的影响规律,结果表明：影响强度和硬度的最主要合金元素是Ti,Cu是最有效的改善马氏体时效强化不锈钢的断裂韧性的合金元素,合金元素Ni和Mo对强度、硬度以及韧性的影响不是很大。并在此基础上进一步优化了马氏体时效不锈钢的合金成分,该成分的合金钢具有超高强度（Rm=1610MPa）的同时保持了高韧性（KIC=94MPa·m1／2）,达到了超高强度高韧性合金钢的标准。     

The Effects of Strain Rate and Temperature on the Deformation Behavior of Cold‐Rolled TRIP800 Steel

In the present study, the influences of temperature and strain rate on the deformation behavior of cold‐rolled TRIP800 steel were investigated. Microstructural observation and tensile tests were performed and volume fractions of retained austenite were measured at various temperatures and strain rates. The results reveal that both temperature and strain rate affect the volume fractions of retained austenite that transforms into martensite. The strain‐induced transformation of retained austenite is retarded with increasing temperature and the retained austenite becomes more stable against straining. The amount of retained austenite that transforms into martensite is not influenced significantly by strain rate. The variation in mechanical properties with temperature and strain rate was related to the effects of dynamic strain aging, tempering of banite, high temperature softening, and the volume fractions of retained austenite.     

C300焊缝金属3种状态的组织和性能

采用光学显微镜、扫描电镜及透射电镜等分析了C300焊缝金属焊态、焊后固溶态及焊后固溶时效态的微观组织变化、强韧性特征及断口裂纹扩展路径.结果表明,经过时效处理,在马氏体基体上析出了金属间化合物强化相,同时伴随着软相逆转变奥氏体的产生.时效态焊缝的强、硬度提高,塑、韧性降低,断口的韧窝尺寸和裂纹扩展路径相对较小,裂纹扩展阻力较低.     

Fracture Behavior of Cold Sprayed 304 Stainless Steel Coating During Cold Rolling

 The fracture behavior of cold sprayed 304 stainless steel coating in cold rolling process was studied. The 304 stainless steel coatings were deposited on low carbon steel substrate by cold gas dynamic spray (CGDS) and then cold rolled, respectively. The fracture morphology of the coatings was observed and analyzed, and the crack distributions along the longitudinal rolling direction of the coatings were also investigated and discussed. The results showed that the cohesive strength of the cold sprayed 304 stainless steel coating was too low to be cold rolled. Microcracks were formed in the as-sprayed coatings and ran perpendicularly to the rolling direction. The spacing distance between these cracks decreased with the increase of the cold rolling reduction. In addition, it was also found that the initial crack generated at the surface of the coating and propagated from the surface to the interface along the weakly bonded particles. A theoretical analysis was developed for the coating fracture. It gave a critical minimum cohesive bonding strength of the coating for non-breaking in cold rolling process. The crack propagation manner of the cold rolled coatings was also discussed.