氮化硼晶须的制备及其表征

利用先驱体转化法制备氮化硼晶须。利用三聚氰胺和硼酸为原料,利用水浴加热方法,生成一种BCN化合物先驱体。将该先驱体化合物在不同的温度段进行热处理后得到氮化硼晶须。借助SEM,FT-IR表征手段分析了不同温度热处理后晶须微观形态以及内部分子结构的变化,并用XRD,TEM等测试手段对最终晶须进行了表征。结果表明：所制备的氮...     

氮化硼的制备及其性能表征

以三氯化硼和氯化铵为原料,在110℃合成三氯环硼氮烷(TCB),将合成的TCB与异丙胺在0℃左右进行胺解反应,将胺解产物在120℃聚合,得到聚硼氮烷高聚物,聚硼氮烷经1 000℃氮化得到氮化硼(BN),对BN的热性能及晶体结构等进行表征。结果表明:通过红外光谱和X射线衍射分析,聚合产物为聚硼氮烷,经1 000℃氮化后,形成BN晶体,晶体结构为斜方晶系;氮化过程存在部分游离碳(C),BN晶体中含有B,N,C元素;聚硼氮烷可溶于二甲基亚砜和N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,可以进行湿法纺丝。     

氮化硼陶瓷

氮化硼(BN)陶瓷是一种新兴的工业材料,它是一种六方晶系的结晶体,具有鳞片状结构。其外观似象牙。氮化硼(BN)陶瓷是随着宇宙航空和电子工业的发展而发展起来的,在工业上有着广泛的用途。早在1842年已被发现,从第二次世界大战后对这种材料进     

氧化铝蜂窝陶瓷超滤膜的制备及表征

为了提高陶瓷膜的装填密度,简化制备工艺,选择装填密度高且成本低的蜂窝陶瓷为基体,纳米氧化铝分散液为涂膜液,用悬浮粒子浸涂法进行陶瓷超滤膜的制备,对无负载氧化铝膜进行TG-DSC分析显示复合膜的适宜烧结温度为500℃。通过扫描电镜观察复合膜的表面和截面形貌,膜表面基本完整,可以有效去除悬浮液中粒径大于30 nm的粒子。操作压力为0.1 MPa时,膜的纯水通量为200 L/(m~2·h),膜面积/体积比达到1 670.3,是19通道陶瓷膜的4倍多,降低了单位膜面积占用的体积。     

钛酸钾晶须耐碱多孔陶瓷的制备及表征

The preparation and characterization of alkaline resistant porous ceramics from potassium titanate whiskers are studied. K2Ti4O9 whiskers in the whisker preforms （mixtures of K2Ti6O13 and K2Ti4O9） were completely converted to K2Ti6O13 at 960℃. The alkaline resistance as well as the change in bending strength, porosity and permeability of the ceramics was investigated by altering the composition of the preforms in which the content of K2Ti6O13 whiskers was higher than 50% （molar fraction）. The alkaline resistance of the porous K2Ti6O13 ceramics is found much higher than that of Al2O3 in caustic NaOH solutions, and further study indicates that the K2Ti6O13 ceramics can be stably used in solutions of pH〉2.0. The bending strength increases initially with the content of the raw K2Ti6O13 in the preforms up to 66% （molar fraction） and then decreases, contrary to the behaviors of porosity and permeability. The values of bending strength, porosity and permeability of the ceramics prepared from the preform of 80% （molar fraction） raw K2Ti6O13 whiskers are respectively 56MPa, 29.4% and 330L·m^-2〈h^-1 , which are comparable to those of the porous Al2O3 ceramics.     

粉煤灰泡沫陶瓷的制备及结构表征

以粉煤灰为主要原料,添加少量的高岭土及微量的添加剂为辅料,采用泡沫浸渍法制备粉煤灰泡沫陶瓷。采用X射线衍射、场发射扫描电镜研究了泡沫陶瓷的生成相及其分布,以及泡沫陶瓷的形貌：并对泡沫陶瓷的孔隙率、抗压强度等进行了表征。结果显示,泡沫陶瓷的生成相主要为莫来石,通过扫描电镜观察到莫来石为细长的针状,大量存在于孔隙位置。从泡沫陶瓷孔隙率的测试结果可知,随着粉煤灰含量的升高,泡沫陶瓷的平均孔隙率下降,抗压强度升高;同一组分试样,当烧结温度升高时,试样的平均气孔率下降,抗压强度升高到一定值后会下降。     

陶瓷用两性分散剂的制备及表征

通过自由基引发溶液聚合,使阴离子单体丙烯酸（AA）和阳离子单体二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵（DMDAAC）在羟乙基纤维素（HEC）的分子链上接枝共聚,制得两性离子型接枝共聚物。探讨了不同反应条件对共聚物分散性的影响。通过溶剂抽提纯化产物,并测定其接枝率和阴阳离子度,利用FT—IR对产物进行表征。对最佳条件下合成的分散剂在陶瓷高岭土浆料中进行分散试验,结果表明分散效果良好。     

氮化铝-氮化硼复合陶瓷的制备和性能

在N2气下1 750～1 900 ℃热压烧结3 h制备了氮化铝-氮化硼(AlN-BN)复合陶瓷.加入3%(质量分数)CaF2作烧结助剂,研究了烧结工艺制度和烧结助剂对致密化规律、力学性能、介电性能及热学性能的影响.氟化钙(CaF2)的引入有利于净化晶界,优化材料的综合性能.在1 850 ℃下热压烧结,可获得相对体积密度为98.53%和最高热导率(λ)值为110 W/(m·K)的AlN-BN复合陶瓷,样品的相对介电常数(εr)在7.50～7.63之间,介电损耗(tanδ)最小为6.36×10-4,介电常数随烧结温度增加而减少.     

氮化硼纳米管的合成与表征

以氧化铁和无定型硼粉为原料,反应气氛为碳气氛,在1 400℃下利用化学气相沉积法（CVD）制备出氮化硼纳米管。X射线研究表明,对应着六方氮化硼晶面的特征衍射峰非常清晰。采用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）对样品的结构与形貌进行表征,结果表明,样品属于一端开口的竹节状BN纳米管。     

氮化硼纤维合成工艺与结构表征

硼酸和三聚氰胺以一定配比合成氮化硼前驱体高聚物.将该前驱体超声溶于甲酸溶液,在静电纺丝电压25 kV,正负极距离18 cm的条件下,可通过静电纺丝法制备直径均匀的纤维.将该电纺纤维放入马弗炉,以10℃/min升温速率加热至600℃和850℃,保温不同时间,可制备白色BN纤维.利用SEM、TEM、TG-DSC、XPS和IR对BN纤维的结构,性能进行详细表征.结果表明,前驱体高聚物具有良好的静电纺丝性能,提高煅烧温度、延长煅烧时间可制备较纯的氮化硼纤维.     

A Novel Polymeric Precursor for Boron Nitride Ceramics: Synthesis,Characterization, and Ceramic Conversion

A new polymeric boron nitride (BN) precursor poly[(phenylamino)borazine] (PPAB) with good melt‐processing performance was successfully synthesized by reaction of B‐trichloroborazine (TCB), aniline, and N‐methylaniline under mild conditions. The as‐synthesized PPAB as well as its structural evolution during the ceramic conversion was studied by means of various complementary techniques. The effect of process parameters including monomer ratio, reaction time, and reaction temperature on the properties of polymers was investigated, and the optimized parameters were obtained. Gel permeation chromatography (GPC) analysis of typical PPAB revealed that the number‐average molecular weight (M_n) was 30,520 Da and the polymerization degree was 319. The polymer could be converted to BN ceramics under ammonia atmosphere at 1200°C with carbon content as low as 0.9wt%. The PPAB polymer could be melt‐spun into continuous polymer fibers by hand drawing, which could be further transformed into BN ceramic fibers with good quality. The PPAB polymer is promising for applications that require BN precursor with stable melt processability.     

氮化硼陶瓷纤维的制备与应用

氮化硼陶瓷纤维是一种正在发展的新型高性能材料,然而传统的高温法很难制备高质量的氮化硼陶瓷纤维材料,只能通过前驱体转化法实现。概述了氮化硼陶瓷纤维的合成路线以及各种前驱体制备氮化硼陶瓷纤维的优缺点,并对前驱体法制备氮化硼陶瓷纤维的发展趋势做了展望。     

Synthesis of Cubic Boron Nitride by Decomposition of Magnesium Boron Nitride

Cubic boron nitride ( c -BN) was synthesized by the decomposition of Mg₃BN₃ under high pressure and high temperature. The minimum pressure for c -BN synthesis was 4 GPa, which was 1 GPa lower than that of the conventional catalytic process. The decomposition of Mg₃BN₃ was observed only when H₂O was added. Therefore, the reaction was as follows: Mg₃BN₃+ 3H₂O = 3MgO + c -BN + 2NH₃. The c -BN crystals obtained were tetrahedron in shape and about 10 μ m in diameter.     

Synthesis and Characterization of TiN‐coated Cubic Boron Nitride Powders

Titanium nitride‐coated cubic boron nitride (TiN/cBN) composite powders were prepared by nitridizing TiO₂/cBN powders in a NH₃ flow at 950°C. The TiO₂/cBN powders were synthesized via a sol‐gel process using tetra‐butyl titanate and concentrated‐HNO₃‐treated BN powders as starting materials. The techniques of XRD, SEM, TEM, FT‐IR, and TG‐DTA were used to characterize the products and their intermediates. The cBN powders were uniformly coated with TiN nanoparticles. During the nitridization, the morphology of the TiO₂/cBN powders is unchanged. The TiN/cBN powders can be used as starting materials to prepare polycrystalline cBN compacts, or as reinforcements to strengthen metal‐matrix composites.     

氮化硼合成的工艺及性能研究

本论文采用硼酸和三聚氰胺按照一定的配比合成氮化硼的前驱体高聚物,氮化硼前驱体高聚物溶于甲酸溶液。将氮化硼前驱体高聚物在23 kV,正负极距离为15 cm条件下纺出细度均匀的纤维。对合成的前驱体高聚物放在马弗炉中按照10℃/min的升温速度升至800℃,保温一定时间得到氮化后的产物,氮化后产物成白色,硬度较大。利用扫描电镜、傅里叶红外光谱仪和TG-DSC热重分析仪对氮化后产物的性能特征进行了测试。     

利用真空氮化炉制备六方氮化硼粉体工艺研究与表征

本研究用一种操作简单、适合规模化、低成本的方法制备六方氮化硼粉末.研究了硼、氮元素的物质的量比值,烧成制度,助熔剂的添加量对产物物相成份和颗粒形貌的影响,并对酸洗和碱洗对产物中杂质的去除效果进行了比较.用X-射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)对制备的产物样品进行了分析表征,发现用该工艺制得的六方氮化硼纯度可达95.6%,去杂后纯度可达99%以上,晶粒直径约为0.2～0.5 μm,厚度在60～70 nm,晶粒尺寸比较均匀.     

Synthesis of Aluminum Nitride/Boron Nitride Composite Materials

Aluminum nitride/boron nitride composite was synthesized by using boric acid, urea, and aluminum chloride (or aluminum lactate) as the starting compounds. The starting materials were dissolved in water and mixed homogeneously. Ammonolysis of this aqueous solution resulted in the formation of a precomposite gel, which converted into the aluminum nitride/boron nitride composite on further heat treatment. Characterization of both the precomposite and the composite powders included powder X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. Analysis of the composite revealed that the aluminum nitride phase had a hexagonal structure, and the boron nitride phase a turbostratic structures.