亚氯酸钠漂白活化剂P的合成和应用

亚氯酸钠漂白的主要缺点之一是,漂白织物的毛细管效应差。在加工染色涤/棉织物时,往往造成染色不匀等疵病。为了改善毛效,工厂往往采用双漂(亚漂以后再氧漂)或在亚漂后增加一道其他处理工艺,这不但增加了消耗,工艺路线也比较长,特别在设备不适应时,往往在同一设备上进行第二次加工,工艺     

胡麻粗纱还原染料染色的理论与实践

本文探讨了胡麻粗纱的煮漂、柔软、还原染料染色工艺,尤其对生产胡麻纱染色前粗纱的柔软整理机理、作用、意义作了阐述,提出了胡麻纤维染色适宜的染料和相应的煮漂方法,并介绍了染色工艺配方。     

人造麂皮的红外染色工艺研究

以Dianix系列分散染料对PA／PU人造麂皮进行染色，比较了其常规染色工艺和红外染色工艺上染速率曲线，并研究了红外染色温度、时间、升温速率对染色效果的影响，确定了红外染色工艺为：50℃入染，以2℃／分钟升温到120℃，保温50分钟。染色后，织物匀染性良好，色牢度达4～5级。     

束状超细纤维PU合成革染色

选用Erionyl染料的三原色,用三种不同的工艺进行染色。工艺一:98℃染色60分钟;工艺二:65℃染色5 分钟,75℃、85℃染色10分钟,98℃染色60分钟;工艺三:高温高压染色60分钟。研究了束状超细纤维PU合成革的染色性能。结果表明:工艺一的染色牢度较好,但上染率和、K/S值和透染性较差;工艺二的色牢度都能达到三级以上,K/S值、上染率和透染性最好;工艺三的染色牢度最差,上染率高,透染较好K/S值最高。     

苎麻/棉混纺毛巾染整工艺探讨

苎麻／棉混纺毛巾经一浴法煮漂后，进行抛光酶处理，用活性染料染色，再进行柔软整理。给出了溢流染整加工工艺的技术条件。     

亚麻粗纱煮漂工艺研究

亚麻粗纱优化煮漂工艺如下:(1)在100℃时,用3.5g/lNaOH碱煮30分钟;(2)在80℃时,在pH值为4.5,经30分钟完成亚漂;(3)在90℃时,pH为9的条件下处理20分钟完成氧漂;经煮漂的纱其纤维素含量提高了10.38%,果胶质、木质素、脂蜡等含量下降到了较好的水平,白度达到69.68%,大幅度改善了亚麻的纺织性能和服用性能。     

新型碱剂E在活性染料染色中应用

新型碱剂E替代传统固色剂是活性染料染色的新技术之一,本文比较了新型碱剂E和纯碱固色的染色效果,研究了新型碱剂E固色时影响染色效果的因素,对染色工艺进行了优化,结果表明:优化的一浴法染色工艺C所得染色织物的表面得色高,鲜艳度好;各项色牢度达到或超过常规纯碱染色工艺;优化工艺缩短了染色时间30分钟,简化了操作,节省能源消耗。     

全棉筒子纱氧漂工艺的生产实践

为提高漂白全棉筒子纱的白度、强力、毛效等指标,在生产中探讨了水质、过氧化氢用量、漂液pH值、氧漂温度、氧漂时间对筒子纱性能的影响,得出了全棉筒子纱的最佳氧漂工艺。其中27%双氧水浓度12～13 g/L,pH值10.5～11.5之间,氧漂温度与时间控制98±2℃,55分钟。在此工艺下,全棉筒子纱的白度、强力、毛效获得最佳协同效果,可满足客户要求。     

人造麂皮的红外染色工艺研究

以Dianix系列分散染料对PA/PU人造麂皮进行染色,比较了其常规染色工艺和红外染色工艺上染速率曲线,并研究了红外染色温度、时间、升温速率对染色效果的影响,确定了红外染色工艺为:50℃入染,以2℃/分钟升温到120℃,保温50分钟.染色后,织物匀染性良好,色牢度达4～5级.     

环保型高性能还原藏青LH的染色工艺

通过对还原藏青LH染色工艺中烧碱和保险粉用量、浸染染色温度和时间,及轧染汽蒸工艺条件的试验,确定了最佳浸轧染的染色工艺参数。与还原深蓝BO、还原深蓝VB、还原藏青YBB、还原藏青5508等比较,还原藏青LH具有高耐氯漂、高耐洗和高耐热压牢度等优点。     

Reactive dyeing of silk using commercial acid dyes based on a three‐component Mannich‐type reaction

Acid dyes are employed for commercially dyeing silk, which results in ionic bonds between the silk fibroin and the dye. This generally leads to low wet fastness properties for dyed silk fabrics. In this work, three commercial acid dyes with aromatic primary amine structures were selected to dye silk using a Mannich‐type reaction, resulting in improved wet fastness of dyed silk by forming covalent bonds between silk fibroin and dye. The Mannich‐type reactive dyeing was applied to silk fabrics at both 30 and 90°C in trials. Dyeing at 90°C can shorten the dyeing time compared with dyeing at 30°C, even although dye exhaustion and relative fixation at 90°C were a little lower. The dyeing process was optimised when the dyeing temperature was 90°C, dyebath pH 4, dye‐to‐formaldehyde ratio 1:30 and holding dyeing time 60 minutes. The results showed that the dye exhaustion on silk fabrics for the three aromatic primary amine‐containing acid dyes exceeded 94% and their relative fixation was over 80%. Their washing and rubbing fastness reached grade 4 or higher. Hence, the colour fastness properties of dyed silk fabrics using the Mannich‐type reactive dyeing method is superior to the conventional acid dyeing method using the same aromatic primary amine‐containing acid dyes. The Mannich‐type reactive dyeing for silk fabrics at 90°C can be developed into a novel and rapid reactive dyeing method, promising an effective dyeing process with excellent colour fastness.     

世界染料与染整工艺科技创新

根据染料母体的生物相容性论述了非诱变性染料和仿生染料在纺织纤维着色中的发展方向；论述了实现高固色率活性染料的有效途径以及通过交联染色方法实现染料与纤维近100％化学结合的可行性；介绍了环境友好染色新工艺，活性染料无盐染色，还原染料和硫化染料生化法还原或电还原法染色，非水溶剂染色以及喷墨印染技术。     

涤/棉混纺织物分散/活性染料一浴染色工艺研究

本实验选择双一氯均三嗪结构的活性染料和耐碱型分散染料,探讨涤/棉(65/35)混纺织物分散/活性染料一浴染色工艺。通过单因素实验分析了染色温度、染色时间、无水硫酸钠浓度和碳酸钠浓度对织物染色效果的影响,得到优化的工艺。红色在硫酸钠60 g/L、碳酸钠2 g/L、温度120℃、时间30分钟工艺条件下染色;蓝色在硫酸钠浓度45 g/L、碳酸钠浓度2g/L、温度130℃、时间60分钟工艺条件下染色。     

锦/棉织物一浴法染色工艺探讨

本文对活性染料染锦/棉交织物的染色工艺进行了系统研究。根据活性染料的染色特征值SERF值从大到小的顺序筛选了三组活性染料,分别对先酸后碱工艺和应用pH值调节剂A工艺的染色效果作了比较研究。结果表明:SERF值中等的染料适用于上述两种工艺。先酸后碱工艺的固色率可达70%,摩擦牢度和皂洗牢度分别为4～5级,同色性较好。应用pH值调节剂A的工艺固色率可达80%,摩擦牢度和皂洗牢度分别为4～5级,且同色性较好。     

大豆/PTT微胶囊分散染料/活性染料一浴一步法染色

探讨了纯碱和氯化钠用量、染料浓度对微胶囊分散蓝2BLN/活性染料(活性蓝KN-R、活性深蓝B-2GLN和活性蓝K-3RL)一浴法染色大豆/PTT混纺织物表观色深K/S值的影响,测定了不同染色工艺对染色织物牢度的影响.结果表明:当染料总用量为2％(o.w.f.),纯碱用量1g/L,氯化钠用量20 g/L,95℃条件下保温30分钟时,可使大豆/PTT混纺织物获得较高的表观色深.     

Dyeing kinetics of methacrylic acid grafted polyester fabric with astrazonrot violet and rhodamine red basic dyes

The low‐temperature dyeing kinetics of radiation‐grafted poly(ethylene terephthalate) fabric were studied. The effects of the graft yield (GY), dye concentration, and dyeing temperature on the color difference (CD) of methacrylic acid grafted polyester fabric were studied for astrazonrot violet (AV) and rhodamine red (RR) basic dyes. CD increased sharply with an increase in GY and tended to level off at higher degrees of grafting. The best dyeing conditions were achieved for both dyes at pH 11.5. CD of the grafted fabric increased rapidly as the dyeing time increased; this was followed by a relatively slow dyeing rate within a few minutes, which depended on the concentration and temperature of the dye bath. The initial dyeing rates and rate constants for the AV dye were higher than those for the RR dye. The dyeing process followed 0.14‐order kinetics and was independent of the dyeing temperature or the type of dye. The dyeing rates and rate constants increased with an increase in the dyeing temperature. An Arrhenius‐type plot of the natural logarithm of the dyeing rate constant versus the inverse of the absolute temperature yielded apparent activation energies of 4.9 and 13.8 kJ/mol and pre‐exponential rate constants of 9.4 and 100.6 (CD/GY)s^?1 for the AV and RR dyes, respectively. The mechanism of the dyeing process for the two dyes was diffusion‐controlled, and their dyeing rates depended on the type of basic dye. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 94: 1070–1076, 2004     

Fixation of reactive dyes using radio-frequency energy

Radio-frequency (r.f.) energy has been used to increase the fixation rate of reactive dyes on cotton fabric in pad-batch dyeing. A parallel-plate r.f. applicator was used to heat batches of fabric containing reactive dye formulations. The time required for fixation of the dyes was reduced from several hours to a few minutes by heating the fabric in the radio-frequency field. Reactive dyes incorporating three different types of reactive groups, vinylsulphone, nicotinic acid, and mixed vinylsulphone/ monochlorotriazine were studied and found to be applicable using the hot pad-batch method. The colour yield and wash fastness of dyeings with the vinylsulphone/monochlorotriazine bifunctional dyes using r.f.-assisted fixation was equal or superior to those of dyeings performed by conventional cold pad-batch dyeing methods.     

新纤维染色技术进展

系统介绍了目前出现的一些新型型合成纤维(海岛型超细纤维、PLA、PTT和聚氨酯纤维)、新型天然和再生纤维(竹纤维、Lyocell、Carbace11、大豆蛋白和蚕蛹蛋白纤维)，以及转基因纤维(蜘蛛丝)的结构和染色性能。新纤维的发展，要求染色技术有相应的发展超细纤维比表面积大，染色起始温度低，匀染性和色牢度较差，对染料的各项应用性能要求较高，新型天然和再生纤维染色的主要染料为活性、酸性和直接染料，并需要相应的助剂和与之相适应的染色工艺，多种纤维混纺、交织复合制成纺织品是发展趋势，而这类纺织品的染色和所使用的染料将成为研究开发的热点。     

棉织物活性染料无盐、无碱染色工艺研究

本文从棉织物阳离子改性和Argazol NF系列活性染料应用两方面考虑,实现棉织物活性染料的无盐、无碱清洁染色.改性条件为阳离子改性剂用量7％,80℃,10分钟.改性后的棉织物用Argazol NF系列活性染料染色,该清洁染色工艺条件为80℃,90分钟.     

Novel anti‐bacterial acid dyes derived from naphthalimide: synthesis,characterisation and evaluation of their technical properties on nylon 6

As an attempt to combine the dyeing and functional finishing steps into one process, two novel anti‐bacterial monoazo acid dyes based on N‐ester‐1,8‐naphthalimide were synthesised. To do this, 4‐amino‐N‐ethyl glycinate‐1,8‐naphthalimide was prepared, diazotised and then coupled to thiosalicylic acid or salicylic acid to produce anti‐bacterial dyes. The synthesised dyes were purified and then fully characterised using Fourier Transform–infrared spectrometry, proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and melting point analysis. Dispersion of the dyes was prepared in water and applied to nylon 6 fabrics. The novel dyes offered good build‐up properties on the substrate. The anti‐bacterial efficacy of the synthesised dyes was assessed, with the dyes showing activity against both Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative bacteria.