定量包装商品净含量计量检验抽样方案之我见

随着我国人民生活水平的不断提高,定量包装商品的净含量是否准确越来越为人们所关注。由于检验量过大,这些商品全部检验是不可能的,因此,一般采用抽样检验方法。抽样检验,即不逐个检验全部商品,而仅抽取其中一部分,通过检验这一部分来判断全部商品的计量是否合格。判断一批商品净含量计量是否准确,在实施计量检验之前,抽样是必不可少的程序。为了对提交检验的产品实施抽样验收,必须科学合理地制定一个抽样方案,通常要确定抽取的样本量n和产品批接收准则(包括接收数A,拒收数R和判断规则)。一般判断过程是:样本的确定即样本量确定,依据《定量…     

基于不完美检验的验收抽样方案经济设计

为降低抽样方案造成的风险及损失,利用误检概率和批产品不合格品率的先验分布,计算了生产方和使用方风险的后验概率。在综合考虑抽检成本、复检成本、误判损失的基础上,构建了一个基于不完美检验的整数非线性规划经济模型,提出了最佳抽样方案,并与无检验错误的抽样方案进行了比较。最后,讨论了模型参数对抽样方案和两类风险的影响。结果表明,在不合格品率较小时,有检验错误的平均检验量相对较大;两者的平均检出质量非常接近,但平均检出质量上限相较无检验错误时略低。     

对产品抽样检验国家标准的探讨与研究

本文通过对抽样检验标准创立和我国统计抽样检验标准发展历程的深入探讨,以及对我国现行有效抽样检验国家标准主题内容和适用范围的综合分析,阐述了贯彻执行和正确使用抽样检验国家标准的重要性。     

产品抽样检验的方法及应用

检验质量管理阶段是质量管理的初级阶段.在具体实施检验时多数是采用抽样检查的方法来判定和控制产品的质量.抽样检查的形式大致有三种,即统计抽样检查、百分比抽样和固定样本抽样.现就上述三种抽样方法的理解和应用谈谈自己的学习体会.     

论计数抽样检验及应用

本文阐述了计数抽样检验的原理，给出了抽样检验方案，合格质量水平，检验水平，讨论了抽样检验的基本事实及应用。     

计数型抽样检验数学模型解析

就计数型抽样检验数学模型给予详细的解析.介绍接收概率计算的三种方法,超几何分布法、二项式分布法、泊松分布法;对接收概率的影响量及影响量的相互关系进行了具休的解释,主要有六个影响量对接收概率有影响,分别为批量、总体中的不合格数、不合格品率、样本量、样本中不合格数、合格判定数.说明了OC曲线的概念及特点,影响OC曲线形状的各量有批量、样本量、合格判定数;说明百分比抽样法的非科学性;只有全数检验才能绘制出理想的OC曲线.依据此种数学模型设出更加科学合理的抽样方案.     

产品质量抽样检验的两种风险分析

本文阐述了产品质量抽样检验中两种风险意义、数值计算方法及抽样方案中3个参数变化对它们的影响规律,对制定产品质量抽样检验方案有理论指导意义。     

也谈产品抽样检验的方法及应用

目前,在产品质量控制方面都采用抽样检验的方式,如何准确、正确地应用抽样方法是提高产品整体质量水平的关键。而在《认证技术》2011年第1期刊登的《产品抽样检验的方法及应用》(以下简称《应用》)一文,作者对产品抽样检验的方法与应用提出了自己的做法。为此,笔者也就产品抽样检验     

Chain Sampling Scheme under Constant Inspection Errors

The primary aim of this paper is to extend the inspection error consideration to chain sampling schemes, an area that has not been dealt with in the literature. A mathematical model is developed to investigate the performance of chain sampling schemes under constant inspection errors. Expressions of performance measures, such as operating characteristic function, average total inspection and average outgoing quality, are derived to aid the analysis of a general chain sampling scheme, ChSP‐4A ( ) r, developed by Frishman. This study reveals that as Type I inspection error increases the probability of acceptance will decrease and as Type II inspection error increases the acceptance probability will increase. The effect of Type II error on the probability of acceptance is very marginal compared with that of Type I error, especially when the true fraction non‐conforming is small. In addition, the effects of inspection errors can be ‘eliminated’ by transforming to its equivalent perfect inspection counterpart, hence greatly reducing the complexity of the analysis. The effects of other sampling parameters are also studied to serve as a foundation for future plan designing purposes. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

定量包装中计量抽检方案的设计

从市场上抽取定量包装的商品进行检测时,经常碰到的问题是如何合理地抽取被检测的商品数量.文章将利用正态分布函数来讨论抽样方案的设计.     

A Double Sampling Scheme for Estimating from Misclassified Multinomial Data with Applications to Sampling Inspection

In some situations, it is desired to estimate multinomial proportions from data which have been misclassified. One such area is the sampling inspection area of quality control. In this paper, it is assumed that two measuring devices are available to classify units into one of r mutually exclusive categories. The first device is an expensive procedure which classifies units correctly; the second device is a cheaper procedure which tends to misclassify units. In order to estimate the proportions p_i (i = 1,2, …, r) a double sampling scheme is presented. At the first stage, a sample of N units is taken and the fallible classifications are obtained; at the second stage a subsample of n units is drawn from the main sample and the true classifications are obtained. The maximum likelihood estimates of the p_i are derived along with their asymptotic variances. Optimum values of n and N which minimize the measurement costs for a fixed precision of estimation and which minimize the precision for fixed cost are derived. The procedures of estimation and allocation of sample size are illustrated by an example in quality control.     

基于数字图像处理技术的印刷品质量检测系统的应用研究

提出了运用数字图像处理和模式识别技术的印品质量检测系统,论证了其可行性,并对其主要模块,即图像采集、模板制作以及图像匹配比较进行了分析研究.研究表明,该方案可用于国产印刷机的数字化改造,极大地提高我国印刷机的自动化水平,因而具有重要的实际意义和广阔的应用前景.     

Choice of Double Sampling Plans Based on Prior Distributions and Costs

Approximate models for the optimum economic design of double sampling plans for attributes are presented. Total cost is assumed to consist of sampling costs, the cost of accepting defective items, and the cost of rejecting good items. This cost is minimized relative to a specified prior distribution of process fraction defective. Models are developed for situations in which rejected lots are either scrapped or subjected to 100 percent inspection with defective items removed. Other variations of the basic model include the incorporation of restrictions among the sampling plan parameters, which may be helpful in improving administrative efficiency, and the use of curtailment on the second sample. Numerical examples for the various models are presented. Model sensitivity to the cost coefficients and to potential misspecification of the parameters of the prior distribution is investigated.     

基于泰勒原则的螺纹工件检验与其不合格品的追溯方向分析

文章介绍了螺纹工件产品的检测体系,分析了美制统一螺纹量规与米制普通螺纹量规中径公差带位置的异同,最后给出了基于泰勒原则的不合格螺纹工件产品的追溯方向,减少不必要的经济损失和质量事故的发生。     

计量抽样检查在射孔器材抽样检验方案的设计与应用

针对射孔器穿孔深度和穿孔孔径符合正态分布的理论特点,应用不合格品率的计量抽样检查方法设计了射孔器穿孔深度和穿孔孔径的检验方案.通过验证证明了该方法的科学合理性,并通过试验数据说明了该检验方案的实施对于提高产品稳定性方面的贡献和对提高油气井产能的意义.     

基于反求工程的机械产品方案设计

反求工程是一种现代快速设计方法，方案设计是机械产品设计的关键。文中提出了基于反求工程的机械产品方案设计的基本思路和设计要点。     

基于产品细部的产品设计方法研究

产品设计在整体造型不变的情况下,可以从产品细部入手来进行设计的创新.首先对产品细部产生进行分析,指出产品细部是物质功能和精神功能的体现,然后再通过产品调研分析,收集关于产品细部的用户需求数据进行汇总,找到产品的问题点,最后分析细部问题点,构建产品设计方法.