高等教育的教学过程能力成熟度模型的结构

进入21世纪以来,我国的高等教育事业实现了跨越式发展,教育改革取得了突破性进展,国民受教育程度逐步提高.但是,教育面临的挑战依然十分严峻,整体水平离实现全面建设小康社会目标还有很大差距.同时,我国经济结构的战略性调整对高校人才培养工作提出了新的要求,特别是高校扩招后,我国高等教育正处于"精英教育"向"大众化教育"转移的过渡时期,如何保证和提高教育教学质量是高等学校面临的一个紧迫问题.     

当代大学生理想信念教育存在的问题分析与对策研究

大学生理想信念教育工作是高校思想政治教育工作的核心和重要内容.进入大众化的中国高等教育,担负着为中国特色社会主义现代化建设培养高素质人才的历史重任,同时也面临着各种经济社会环境变化的严峻挑战.在这样的历史条件下如何加强当代大学生理想信念教育是我们面临的重要课题.     

高等教育中外合作办学若干问题的思考

高等教育中外合作办学是经济全球化和教育国际化的产物.为了进一步推进我圉高等教育中外合作办学事业的发展,有必要对中外合作办学中面临的教育主权的维护、教育质量的保障、管理体制的完善以及教育公益性的坚持等问题有一个理性的认识.本文在对上述重要问题分析的基础上,提出中外合作办学应以我为主,为我所用,提高屡次,保证质量,规范管理,依法办学.     

多元文化背景下博士生思想政治教育的实效性研究

博士研究生教育是国家培养高级人才的重要内容.博士生思想政治教育是博士生教育工作的重要组成部分,进一步加强和改进博士研究生的思想政治教育工作,对于全面实施科教兴国和人才强国战略,确保中国特色社会主义事业兴旺发达,具有重大而深远的战略意义和现实意义.     

市场经济条件下成人高等教育的改革

成人高等教育作为我国高等教育的重要组成部分,已为国家经济和社会发展培养了大量人才,随着市场经济的迅速发展,传统成人教育的学历教育观念、体制和教育模式面临着巨大的挑战.为此,我们要不断深化改革成人教育,建立与市场经济相适应的人才培养体系,提升成人教育市场竞争力.     

"器"外之道——关注理工科高校中的人文精神教育

理工科院校人文精神教育相对薄弱是目前我国高等教育阶段面临的现实问题.通过对比国内外理工科高校中人文精神教育所存在差距,指出入文精神教育对于培养全面发展的高级科技人才具有极大的推动作用,加强人文精神教育能够更好地推动科学技术的发展.     

浅析独立学院思想政治教育工作规范化管理

独立学院是我国高等教育改革与发展的一种新的办学模式,独立学院的学生思想政治教育工作面临着诸多挑战.在此阐述了独立学院在"两课"教师完善、辅导员队伍建设和思政教育活动开展几方面加强管理,提出了独立学院思政教育规范化管理的措施和方法.     

教学质量监控体系的建立与实践

21世纪高等教育面临着知识经济的严峻挑战 ,这种挑战归根到底体现在对高等教育的质量要求上。2 1世纪中国能否实现文化复兴、民族腾飞和国家昌盛 ,能否跻身于世界强国之林 ,关键取决于教育 ,特别是高等教育所培养的人才质量。所以 ,提高教育质量 ,不仅是高等教育自身发展的生命     

论教学思想的变革

处在世纪之交的我国高等教育，正面临着时代新旧交替的挑战，高等教育将随着社会的发展而变革。探索面向21世纪教育思想教育观念的变革，是实现教育教学改革的前提，也是教育工作者适应教育改革和发展需要及培养跨世纪人才首先解决的问题。教     

学习型社会背景下成人高等教育发展的新思考

大力发展成人高等教育既是建设学习型社会的内在要求,也是建设学习型社会的有效途径,同时还是建设学习型社会的重要保障.在建设学习型社会的时代背景下,我国成人高等教育发展还面临着三方面的困境:一是思想认识的局限导致发展动力的缺失;二是市场竞争的加剧导致发展空间的萎缩;三是理论研究的滞后导致发展实践的错位.要充分发挥成人高等教育在建设学习型社会中的重要作用,就必须进一步更新教育理念、健全管理体制、培育办学特色.     

Changes in the ultra-fine structure of capillaries of the embryonic brain in the presence of schizophrenia in the mother

The report is concerned with a study of fine structures of brain capillaries in 9 embryos received during medical abortions from schizophrenic mothers. The authors established some traits in the ultrastructure of endothelial cells in most of the studied cases--an increase of the surface of endothelial cells at the expense of a tortuosity of their plasmatic membranes and a formation of growths, vacuolization of the cytoplasma. There were also some changes in the structure of basal membranes. In 2 cases there were also peculiar pathological changes in the vascular endothelium: granules of an unknown nature in the endothelial cells and a focal lysis of the plasmatic membranes of endothelial cells.     

不同除草剂在直播冬油菜田的除草效果研究

[目的]验证不同除草剂的除草效果,为直播冬油菜田的杂草防除提供借鉴.[方法]使用不同剂量25%胺苯磺隆可湿性粉剂和10.8%高效氟吡甲禾灵乳油在直播冬油菜田间进行单用和混用除草试验.[结果] 25%胺苯磺隆可湿性粉剂在冬油菜4～5叶期使用可以有效防除田间的阔叶杂草;25% 胺苯磺隆可湿性粉剂18.0～22.5 g/hm<'2>+400 ml/hm<'2>的10.8%高效氟吡甲采灵乳油可以有效防除油菜田间的阔叶和禾本科杂草,总防效达90%以上,且可以比人工除草节省成本1 100元、hm<'2>.[结论] 25%胺苯磺隆与10.8%高效氟吡甲未灵乳油混用可以更好地防除冬油菜田间杂草.     

Simulation of the solidification of the melt in the Vanyukov furnace in the case of emergency stoppage

A mathematical model of the Vanyukov furnace, which makes it possible to predict the behavior of an object in the emergency operational mode (upon the disconnection of the oxygen supply) and develop an effective system of additional heating which damps the consequences of the emergency mode and lowers the costs for the renovation of the furnace operation, is created. It is shown how solidification upon cooling the furnace with time is simulated using the enthalpy and porosity method. The mathematical model is adopted for existing production conditions, which are weakly defined. The energy characteristics of the mode for the solidifying furnace bath, which ensures its holding for a long time in the ready state to rapid firing, are found. Thus, the problem of excessively expensive furnace firing after prolonged production stoppage is solved in the conjugated statement with a calculation of the heating system of the overbath space.     

Variations in the relationship of the major vessels of the left coronary groove in the dog

The anatomic relationship of the 2 major vessels of the left coronary groove was studied in 140 dogs. Five basic patterns of disposition were observed: 1) circumflex artery superficial from its origin to the caudodorsal cardiac margin, coronary vein deep and not visible (22%); 2) coronary vein superficial from the ventral interventricular septum to the caudodorsal cardiac margin, circumflex artery deep and not visible (15%); 3) circumflex artery and coronary vein both superficial and running parallel with each other along the groove (8%); 4) coronary vein crossing circumflex artery at some point along the groove (44%); and 5) circumflex artery crossing coronary vein at some point along the groove (11%). These variations were found to influence certain experimental modifications of the left circumflex blood flow in the dog.     

Errors in the surgery of the testicle in children

The study was made of labyrinthine changes induced by lasix dehydration. Changes indicative of Meniere's disease were identified at comparison of the findings obtained by audiological lasix test, caloric optokinetic reactions. Four types of the nystagmic response in the bithermal lasix-test were determined. These reactions are helpful for more precise staging of the disease.     

Role of the subthalamo-nigral input in the control of amygdala-kindled seizures in the rat

The substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNpr) is a critical site for the control of epileptic seizures. Potentiation of the inhibitory GABAergic input from the striatum to the SNpr suppresses primary or secondary generalized seizures in the rat. The purpose of this study was to examine the possible involvement of the excitatory glutamatergic input from the subthalamic nucleus to the SNpr in the control of both the electroencephalographic and the motor components of amygdala-kindled seizures in the rat. Microinjections of either an N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonist in the substantia nigra or a GABAA agonist in the subthalamic nucleus, significantly reduced motor seizures but did not modified the afterdischarges. These results provide evidence for the involvement of the subthalamo-nigral projection in the modulation and the propagation of the motor components of amygdala-kindled seizures.     

Regional differences in the distribution of catalase in the epithelium of the ocular lens

The objectives of this study were to develop a system to calculate the economic consequences of accidents and to account for the economic consequences of all accidents during 1 year in a district. A total population injury survey was done in an area with a population of over 41,000. All accidents (N = 4926) occurring within a 12-month period and requiring medical care were noted. The costs (calculated at 1991 prices) to the health care service (outpatient care, including primary health care and hospital care) were SEK 23.7 million (US $3.59 million), to trade and industry SEK 79.7 million (US $12.08 million), and for health insurance SEK 9.1 million (US $1.38 million). The cost for society of uninsured people is not possible to estimate using loss of production. However, the time lost from "normal activities" was registered. If this time is valued at the same price as working hours, a welfare cost of SEK 43.1 million (US $6.53 million) should be added. In a forthcoming paper, an assessment of the cost-effectiveness of interventions against accidents will be published.     

A change in the state of neurons of the arcuate region of the hypothalamus in different stages of the sexual cycle in rats

With the help of microionophoretic stimulation of individual neurons of the arcuate region of the hypothalamus and the registration of its activity, changes in the sensitivity to dopamine during several stages of the sexual cycle of rats was studied. It was shown that in the 1st half of the day of proestrus the majority of neurons of the arcuate region, in correspondance to the increase in the level of estrogens in the blood plasma during this phase of the cycle, were activated by microionophoretic injections of dopamine. In the 2nd half of the day of proestrus, when the level of estrogens is minimal, and in the Diestrous-2 stage, it was observed that among registered neurons, those activated by dopamine were the most inhibited.     

On the role of self-excitation in the development of topographic order in the visual system of the frog

A two-level model is presented for explaining the development of the topographically ordered retinotectal connections of the visual system of the frog. The columnar structure of the tectum were taken into account explicitly. Simulations suggest that the self-excitatory intracolumnar connections play an important role in the formation of the topography. In the case of self-excitation the system is able to recognize the topology of the visual field by the continuity of the object's movement.     

The role of the forestomachs in the adaptation of the alimentary function in ruminants

Dietary character of ruminants in the north is principally different between "nonselective" (cattle, sheep) and "selective" (reindeer, moose) species. Due to the developed polyfunctioning, forestomach in ruminants, primarily rumen and reticulum, are involved in the homeostasis formation in enteral and interior mediums, nutrients deposition and recirculation. That provides efficiency in utilization of deficient in nutrients forage and body reserves of wild ruminants during the winter. The original functional organization of absorption processes and nutrients recirculation across the multilayer epithelium of forestomach also promotes realization of the two levels metabolism during the year and adaptation of wild ruminants to season dynamics of nutrition.