共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
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同位素源激发X射线荧光(XRF)已广泛应用于头发中的微量元素测定。中国原子能科学研究院曾经建立了源激发X射线荧光分析技术分析头发样品,Pb的检测限(LLD)约10μg/g。本工作在原来工作的基础上优化仪器参数,降低背景信号强度,提高了灵敏度,尤其是对Pb的灵敏度,使Ca、Fe、Cu、Zn、Pb的检测限分别达到19、1.2、1.1、0.62、1.1μg。首次采用V做内标元素,取样量为0.5g,仪器的短期稳定性相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.38%,长期稳定性相对标准偏差为0.98%。 相似文献
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Twenty four male autopsies were obtained from Shanghai. The samples of liver, lung, kidney cortex, brain and scalp hair were collected from the autopsies. The elements As, Br, Ca, Cd, Cl, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mg, Mn, Na, Rb, 8, Se and Zn were determined by neutron activation analysis (NAA). The present study provides the elemental levels of different tissues for normal male adults. The distribution pattern of elements was discussed. Great difference on distribution of some elements in different tissues was observed. 相似文献
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The radioisotope X-ray fluorescence method was applied to studies of the provenance of the ceramics fragments originated from the Mar-Takla site in Syria.The samples were irradiated 1000s by a ^109Cd radioisotope source and 13 elements (Ca,Ti,Mn,Fe,Zn,Ga,As,Rb,Sr,Y,Zr,Nb,and Pb)were determined in 35 samples.The data were subjected to two multivariate statistical methods,cluster and principal components analysis(PCA).It was shown from the combination of the statistical techniques and the determination of elemental composition of the samples that 94% of the ceramic samples analyzed can be considered to be manufactured using two sources of raw materials. 相似文献
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Simionovici A. Chukalina M. Schroer C. Drakopoulos M. Snigirev A. Snigireva I. Lengeler B. Janssens K. Adams F. 《IEEE transactions on nuclear science》2000,47(6):2736-2740
First experimental results of fluorescence microtomography with 6 μm resolution obtained at ESRF, Grenoble, France, are described. The setup comprises high-quality optics (monochromator, mirror, focusing lenses) coupled to the high-energy/brilliance/coherence of the ID 22 undulator beamline. The tomographic setup allows precise measurements in the “pencil-beam” geometry. The image reconstruction is based on a modification of the algebraic reconstruction method but includes simplifications of the model. The quality and precision of the two-dimensional reconstructed elemental images of a phantom sample are encouraging. The method will be further refined and applied for the analysis of more complex inhomogeneous samples 相似文献
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Shinichi Ogiyama Keiko Tagami Shigeo Uchida 《Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section B, Beam interactions with materials and atoms》2008,266(16):3625-3632
The concentration and distribution of essential elements in brown rice grains (Oryza sativa L. var. japonica) associated with the polishing rate was determined. Rice samples were collected in Japan and polished to 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% loss of the total weight of brown rice. Concentrations of eight essential elements (P, K, Ca, Mg, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn) were measured by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES), and distributions of the elements in a single grain were visualized as elemental distribution maps of a cross section by micro particle induced X-ray emission (Micro-PIXE) analysis. Results of ICP-AES analysis indicated that in rice which polished from 0% to 10% loss of weight, there were three patterns in the P/B ratio, which is the mean concentration of an element in polished rice divided by that of the element in the brown rice: no change (Cu and Zn), a gradual decrease (P, Mg, Mn and Fe), and a decrease after a constant phase (Ca and K). There was no remarkable change of the P/B ratio in rice grains which polished from 10% to 20% loss of weight. Micro-PIXE analysis images showed that P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe and Mn were present in large amounts in the surface layer (approx. <200 μm thickness) of brown rice. Two sub-layers were mainly recognized in the grain surface layer in the elemental distribution maps of a cross section. The first sub-layer was approximately 130-170 μm thick. The second sub-layer was approximately 20-50 μm thick, and the primary part of the grain (endosperm cells and starch granules) was under it. The images showed Cu and Zn were uniformity distributed in brown rice, and their concentrations of polished rice were not affected by the polishing rate. Although ICP-AES measurements could not provide the detail structure of the surface layer of the rice grains, the trend of concentration of the elements generally agreed with the elemental distribution maps obtained Micro-PIXE analysis. 相似文献
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E.H. Bakraji 《Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section B, Beam interactions with materials and atoms》2011,269(19):2052-2056
X-ray fluorescence method and the technique of thermoluminescence (TL) dating have been utilized for the study of archaeological pottery fragment samples, fairly representative of the Romanian period between 1st century B.C. and 4th century A.D., from Judaidet Yabous site, which is located north-west of Damascus city, Syria. Four samples were chosen randomly among the 46 samples for dating using thermoluminescence technique and the results were in good agreement with the date assigned by archaeologists. The samples were irradiated for 1000 s live time twice, first using a Mo X-ray Tube and second using a 109Cd radioactive source. Fifteen elements (K, Ca, Ti, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, and Pb) were determined. The elemental concentrations have been processed using two multivariate statistical methods. The purpose of the study was to characterize by means of element contents of the pottery paste from the Judaidet Yabous archaeological site and to provide new data to the Syrian databases for future studies. From an archaeological point of view the results indicated that most of the potteries were locally produced. 相似文献
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Claudio Tuniz Roberto Devoti Giuseppe Santoro Franco Zanini 《Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section B, Beam interactions with materials and atoms》1990,50(1-4):338-342
A synchrotron radiation microscope based on X-ray fluorescence and computed microtomography for advanced applications in biomedicine, environmental sciences, geology and materials science is described. This microscope will utilize the radiation produced by a bending magnet of ELETTRA, the third-generation, high-brilliance synchrotron radiation facility being built in Trieste. Various wide-band-pass mirror systems operating in an energy range between 7 and 17 keV have been designed. For example, multilayer-coated mirrors in the Kirkpatrick-Baez configuration can produce a spatial resolution of 1 μm2 for a flux in excess of 108 photons per second on the sample (E = 12 keV, E/ΔE = 10). This X-ray microprobe will allow micrometric mapping of trace and minor elements and computed tomographic imaging with high resolution, opening a new realm of experiments in different fields of science, such as in vivo elemental scanning and microtomography of cultured cells, analysis of single atmospheric particulates, analysis of cosmic debris collected from the stratosphere and antarctic ice, etc. The preliminary design of the beam line and the performance of the microprobe are discussed. 相似文献
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M.S. Rihawy E.H. Bakraji S. Aref R. Shaban 《Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section B, Beam interactions with materials and atoms》2010,268(17-18):2790-2793
Particle induced X-ray emission (PIXE) technique has been employed to perform elemental analysis of K, Ca, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Br and Sr for Syrian medicinal plants used traditionally to enhance the body immunity. Plant samples were prepared in a simple dried base. The results were verified by comparing with those obtained from both IAEA-359 and IAEA–V10 reference materials. Relative standard deviations are mostly within ±5–10% suggest good precision. A correlation between the elemental content in each medicinal plant with its traditional remedial usage has been proposed. Both K and Ca are found to be the major elements in the samples. Fe, Mn and Zn have been detected in good levels in most of these plants clarifying their possible contribution to keep the body immune system in good condition. The contribution of the elements in these plants to the dietary recommended intakes (DRI) has been evaluated. Advantages and limitations of PIXE analytical technique in this investigation have been reviewed. 相似文献
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针对未知样品能量色散X射线荧光分析(energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence analysis, EDXRFA)方法开展无标样分析,通过测量Ti、Fe、Ni、Cu、Zn、Sr、Sn、Pb单元素标样,得到Rh靶材原级谱中Kα峰的相干与非相干散射峰强度比值R,并建立R与对应单元素标样有效原子序数的关系,得到Zeff-R的拟合曲线。求解未知样品基体时,测量未知样,得到其R,将R代入Zeff-R拟合曲线得到未知样有效原子序数,再通过基本参数法迭代计算其质量衰减系数。利用Ti、Fe、Ni、Cu、Zn、Sr、Sn、Pb单元素标样刻度仪器获取Gi参数,求解未知样品基体时用于相应元素的基本参数迭代。为验证算法可靠性,采用本算法分析15个国家土壤标准样品,结果表明,Ti、Fe、Ni、Cu、Zn元素的计算含量与标准含量接近,部分低含量元素受到散射本底等因素影响,含量误差较大。结果表明,该方法能够用于现场能量色散X射线荧光分析。 相似文献
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《Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section B, Beam interactions with materials and atoms》1987,23(3):379-381
Combined Rutherford backscattering (RBS), X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and proton induced X-ray emission (PIXE) techniques were used to determine the elemental composition of yeast. Results reveal no toxic elements (e.g. Ag, Pb, etc) in yeast. Yet results display some similarities in concentrations of some elements (e.g. Ti, Mn, Ni, Cu and Sr), large differences are observed for others (e.g. S, Cl, K, Ca, Fe and Zn). Variations are accounted due to different growing media or contamination during processing. 相似文献
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Synchrotron radiation X-ray fluorescence (SRXRF) microprobe was used to ananlyse altered mineral muscovite and its surrounding feldspar in Yuerya gold deposit. The major, minor and trace elements of the two minerals were detected and analyzed. SRXRF analysis showed that the Yuerya muscovite had a complex chemical composition. containing K, Fe, Ca, Ti, Cr, Mn, Co, Cu, Zn and many trace or ultra-trace elements. Since muscovite resulted from the alteration of hydrothermal ore fluid acting on feldspar (plagioclase), the difference of chemical composition between the two minerals shows the components of ore fluid, which are characterized by the enrichment of alkaline and alkaline-earth metal elements K, Ca and ore-associated elements Fe, Cu, Zn. And gold. silver and platinum, invisible under microscope, were detected in some areas of muscovite but not found in feldspar. Especially platinum, a mantle material is rarely seen in the earth crust but now found in the gold deposit of magmatic sources; its appearance approves the idea of mantle flux participating in the gold mineralization, which suggests that the tectonic event controlling gold mineralization in the Yuerya district is a mantle phenomenon. 相似文献
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现场X荧光分析技术是一种轻便、快速、高效、低投入的野外勘查技术.在航磁异常查证中应用现场X荧光分析技术,对新疆西天山某航磁异常点岩石与土壤中的Fe、Cu、Zn、Pb、As、Mn、Ni元素进行了分析,获得了该地区上述元素的分布,为航磁异常评价提供了依据.实践证明,现场X荧光技术为航磁异常查证提供了快速便捷的手段. 相似文献
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天津市区健康人头发中微量元素分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
地球上分布的元素主要通过饮食进入人体。它们被吸收到血液中供给各个组织的需要,参与人体的新陈代谢。人发可视作人体的一个微量元素排泄器官。由于头发生长缓慢,所以能在一定程度上反映人体较长一段时期内微量元素代谢的情况,从而可了解身体中微量元素的缺乏或过多的信息。世界卫生组织和国际原子能委员会都建议通过分析人发来标志 相似文献
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O. Gonzalez-Fernandez I. Queralt G. Garcia 《Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section B, Beam interactions with materials and atoms》2007,262(1):81-86
An energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) tri-axial geometry experimental spectrometer has been employed to determine the concentrations of 13 different elements (K, Ca, Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr and Pb) in mine wastes from different depths of two mine tailings from the Cartagena-La Union (Spain) mining district. The elements were determined and quantified using the fundamental parameters method. The concentrations of Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn and Pb were compared to the values from the European and Spanish legislation to evaluate the environmental risk and to classify the wastes as inert wastes or as wastes that have to be control land-filled. The results obtained demonstrate that these wastes can be considered as inert for the considered elements, apart from the concentration levels of Zn and Pb. Whilst Zn slightly overpasses the regulatory levels, Pb mean value exceeds three to six times the value to be considered as Class I potential land-filling material. 相似文献
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用同步辐射X射线荧光微探针技术研究硝酸镧对单个平滑肌细胞内重要元素分布的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
应用同步辐射X射线荧光微探针技术(SRXRF),观察稀土元素化合物硝酸镧La(NO3)3(浓度为10^-8mol/L)对培养的单个大鼠平滑肌细胞内重要元素分布的影响,获得La(NO3)3作用4h,8h,24h时单个细胞内P,K,Ca,Fe,Cu,Zn,La等元素含量的相对计数。实验中观察到,10^-8mol/L La^3 持续作用后,细胞内K,Ca,Fe,Cu,Zn等元素含量分布发生改变。结果表明,La^3 可能富集在细胞内,影响细胞内某些重要元素含量的分布,可能是引起细胞生理生化变化的机制之一。 相似文献