液态水中重离子径述结构及能量沉积分布的研究

介绍了重离子径述结构及能量沉积分布理论研究的进展情况，给出了重离子ＭｏｎｔｅＣａｒｌｏ计算模型以及电子径迹中的能量沉积几率分布和重离子径向剂量分布等计算结果。     

重离子注入生物材料质量沉积效应评述

前人曾用重离子束注入生物小分子，借助先进的仪器分析手段，对重离子注入质量沉积进行了初步研究，但质量沉积对处于生命状态下的活生物体组织细胞和生物大分子所带来的生物学效应，即质量沉积效应的研究还未见报道。将来可用放射性重离子束注入活细胞和生物分子，借助放射自显影示踪、放射性测量和分子生物学等研究技术对重离子注入质量沉积效应开展进一步研究。     

Track structure and energy deposition distribution of heavy ions in liquid water

Progress in theoretical research into track structure and energy deposition distribution of heavy ions in introduced,and some research results are given,such as a Monte Carlo model of heavy ion track structure calculation,frequency distribution of energy deposition inside a electron track and radial dose distribution around a heavy ion path.Moreover,research direction in future is also analysed.     

290MeV/u ~9C离子束在液态水靶中输运的蒙特卡洛模拟

9C离子束是双重辐射源于在治疗肿瘤有明显优势。我们用蒙特卡洛程序FULKA模拟了290 MeV/u 9C离子束在水靶中的输运,研究其能量沉积、核碎片分布以及核碎片注量的深度分布,可为9C离子束肿瘤治疗剂量学提供参考。     

三维可视化技术在矿产资源勘探领域中的应用探讨

地质体三维可视化技术的研究是“数字勘探”领域的重要组成部分,本文针对矿产资源勘探数据的特点,研究了适合地质体信息三维可视化的体素模型和空间插值算法。基于交互式数据语言(IDL),开发了三维数据可视化软件;该软件能够快速、准确地将地质体的空间展布形态以及物性特征展示出来。     

Phoswich探测器的重离子束测试

利用一套由１ｍｍ厚的ＰＩＬＯＴ－Ｕ和４０ｍｍ厚的ＮＥ１１５塑料闪烁体组成的Ｐｈｏｓｗｉｃｈ（光叠层望远镜）探测器测量了４０Ａｒ（２５ＭｅＶ／ｕ）＋１９７Ａｕ反应中出射的产物，粒子鉴别采用Ｐｈｏｓｗｉｃｈ的快慢成分方法．结果表明该方法能清楚地分辨出粒子的电荷．对Ｚ＝１的粒子，ｐ、ｄ和ｔ亦能分开．     

注入低能重离子在模拟细胞中的能量沉积

用Ｍｏｎｔｅ Ｃａｒｌｏ法模拟计算了３０ｋｅＶ和２００ｋｅＶ的Ｎ＾＋与１１０ｋｅＶ的Ｆｅ＾＋模拟细胞中本身及级联离子非弹性散射产生的电子，分子振动的能量沉积；讨论了电子分子振动的总能量沉积的深度分布。     

高能重离子在聚合物中的辐照效应研究

Ion irradiation of polymers can induce irreversible changes in their macroscopic properties such as electrical and optical properties and the surface-related mechanical properties. Electronic excitation, ionization, chains scission, cross-links and mass losses are accepted as the fundamental events that give rise to the observed macroscopic changes. Detailed and systematic study of radiation induced effects in polymers enriches not only the knowledge of ion-material interactions but also supplies new bases for polymeric materials synthesis through ion-beam technologies. Previous work has concentrated mainly on effects induced by low-ionization particles such as γ-rays and electrons. Since 1980,s the application of high energy heavy ion accelerators enables the use of high energy heavy ion as an irradiation source, and many new and exciting effects and phenomena have been revealed.Energetic heavy ions in matter lose energy mainly through electronic excitation and ionization. Compared to low-ionization particles, high energy heavy ion possesses higher LET(linear energy transfer) values which can reach several to several tens keV/nm. As most of the primary ionizations and excitations occur close to the ion trajectory in a core of a few nanometers in diameter, a continuous damaged zone along the ion path can be induced,in which all bonds inside the zone can be destroyed due to the high rate energy deposition. Studies on this particularity of high energy heavy ion irradiation and its effects in materials will cause great influence on industry as well as on our daily life.The previous work has revealed the great difference in the effects induced by high energy heavy ions compared to the other particles. It has been shown that under irradiation with lower LET particles gas release depends on molecular structure and material composition, whereas under irradiation with high LET particles, such as high energy heavy ions, it is not the case. Some materials that undergo degradation under γ-irradiation can be cross-linked by irradiation with high energy heavy ions. In some cases new molecular structures were induced by high energy heavy ions with sufficiently high LET values. In recent years we have irradiated polyethylterephthalate (PET), polystyrene (PS), polycarbonate (PC) and polyimide (PI) with high energy Ar, Kr, Xe and U ion beams.Chemical and physical changes of the materials induced by the high energy heavy ion beams were investigated by Fourier-transform infrared ray spectroscopy, ultraviolet and visible transmission spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction measurements, from which damage cross-sections of various functional groups were determined[1]. An energy loss threshold for damage of phenyl ring in PET has been derived and difference in amorphization of PET under high and low LET irradiations was observed. It is found that alkyne end groups can be induced in all the materials above a certain electronic energy loss threshold, which is found to be about 0.8 keV/nm for PS and 0.4 keV/nm for PC. The production cross-section of alkyne end group increases with increasing electronic energy loss and shows saturation at high electronic energy loss values.     

钇离子束动态增强沉积氮化钛膜

在膜层上接收注入钇离子和沉积钛原子比例Y^ :Ti=1:2的条件下，采用钇离子束动态增强沉积方法，在纯铁等基体上制备氮化钛膜层试样。对试样予以电化学测试和AES、XRD分析。XRD结果未发现钇单质或氮化钇的衍射峰。载能金属离子的动态增强沉积作用产生了界面混合效果，形成较宽的过渡层。动态增强沉积试样比非增强沉积试样有更强的抗电化学腐蚀能力。     

重离子加速器实验靶区的中子剂量当量率

用阈探测器中子活化法测量了５０ＭｅＶ／ｕ＾１８Ｏ离子轰击Ｂｅ、Ｃｕ、Ａｕ厚靶出射中子的注量率分布,并利用中子注量率对剂量当量率的转移因子,得到了重离子实验靶区的中子剂量当量率分布。     

重离子辐照柠檬酸菌株的诱变选育

应用不同剂量重离子束12C+6对黑曲霉出发菌株4﹟进行辐照选育,选育出的高产酸菌株进行发酵试验,应用酸碱中和法测定发酵液中柠檬酸的含量。结果表明:当重离子12C+6的辐照剂量为60 Gy时,正突变率最大,为21%。诱变后的菌株通过酸斑法初筛、摇瓶复筛选育出1株菌株H4002,其发酵液中柠檬酸含量比出发菌株4﹟提高了18%。这说明利用重离子束12C+6辐照处理黑曲霉产生菌可以得到高产柠檬酸突变菌株,其诱变效果显著。     

Effect of different ion beam energy on properties of amorphous carbon film fabricated by ion beam sputtering deposition (IBSD)

Amorphous carbon (a-C) films were fabricated by ion beam sputtering technique. The influence of sputtering ion beam energy on bonding structure, morphologic, mechanical properties, tribological properties and corrosion resistance of a-C films are investigated systematically. Morphology study shows that lowest surface roughness exists for mid-ion beam energy. Improved adhesion is observed for the films that are prepared under high ion beam energy, attributed to film graphitization, low residual stress and mixed interface. Relatively, a-C films prepared with ion beam energy of 2 keV exhibits optimum sp³ bond content, mechanical properties and corrosion resistance. It is found that the wear rate of DLC films decrease with increased ion beam energy in general, consistent with the varied trend of the H/E value which has been regarded as a suitable parameter for predicting wear resistance of the coatings. The correlation of the sp³ bond fraction in the films estimated from Raman spectroscopy with residual stress, nanohardness and corrosion resistance has been established.     

无屏蔽条件下用25.4cm单球雷姆计测量中能重离子反应中子剂量当量的理论修正

用重离子反应出射中子能谱和角分布估算了用25.4cm单球雷姆计测量100MeV/u~(12)C+C和41.7MeV/u~(12)C+Fe两个重离子反应中子剂量当量时的理论修正系数。     

大型工业CT中的三维显示与交互检查技术

介绍了三维显示和交互检查技术在大型工业CT图像检查中的应用，总结了目前工业CT三维图像显示领域主要应用的面绘制和体绘制方法，并分别对这两类主要的绘制算法进行了评价，重点对工业CT多断层图像数据三维显示的各个技术细节进行了具体的分析，并总结了大型工业CT图像检查分系统方案设计中存在的技术难点。     

Spreading of a heavy ion beam with the dual-ring double scattering method

A flat radiation field for heavy ion beams is used in research experiments and clinical treatments. When a flat field is required, a beam spreading system must be installed for a beam line; thus a simple and affordable method is desirable. To achieve the carbon ion beam spreading, we employed a dual-ring double scattering method (DDSM), which consists of an initial scattering foil and a dual-ring subsequent scatterer. The scatterers for the DDSM were designed and tested to verify the flatness of the radiation field of the carbon ion beam. We obtained 100 mm of the flat radiation field in the isocenter plane for the 2D radiation field, as expected. For the 3D radiation field, we obtained a field size of 80 mm. With a 60-min setup time, using the DDSM system, and by placing only two scatterers, we can form the flat radiation field.     

重离子束均匀度的测定及治癌束流成形的模拟试验

采用５０μｍ厚聚碳酸酯薄膜，利用核径迹测技术测得φ４０ｍｍ的２５ＭｅＶ／ｕ＾４０Ａｒ＾１４＋离子束的均匀度在散焦情况下为３２．７％，在Ｄ“散焦＋样品旋转”情况下为５２．４％。还采用多层聚碳酸酯薄膜组件作为肿瘤块等效材料，进行了重离子束治癌束流成形模拟试验。     

离子束增强沉积法制备Mo2N和Mo2-xTixN薄膜及其结构与性能研究

分别采用氮离子束增强沉积和Ｎ－Ｔｉ离子束同步增强沉积工艺制备了Ｍｏ２Ｎ和Ｍｏ２－ｘＴｉｘＮ薄膜,用ＸＲＤ,ＴＥＭ、划痕和阳极极化方法研究了两者的结构与性能。     

重离子束治癌装置及技术发展

首先简要回顾了重离子束治癌在我国的兴起与发展的情况.随后着重介绍了重离子束治癌装置及部分关键技术:总体布局方案、束流引出模式、束流配送系统、束流旋转机架、辐照门控系统、PET成像等.     

重离子束的Bragg峰定位于麦粒的自由基探针技术

为了实现定点定位诱变，提出了一种利用ＥＳＲ波谱术对离子束Ｂｒａｇｇ峰在麦粒中的定位方法，即自由基探针技术，采用该技术有效地测定出２１ＭｅＶ／ｕ氮离子束的Ｂｒａｇｇ峰位于小麦胚部，注入深度不超过１．０±０．２ｍｍ，而４８ＭｅＶ／ｕ氮离子束贯穿全麦粒，不能实现定点定位诱变。