紧凑型脉冲磁场发生装置研制

研制并测试一套紧凑型脉冲强磁场发生系统,包括一套1mF/8kV高储能密度电容器电源、两台脉冲磁体和一套监控系统。系统分别在27mm和45mm的大孔径内产生最高为20T和10T的脉冲磁场。     

Development and performance characterization of a compact plasma focus based portable fast neutron generator

The design details and performance characterization results of a newly developed plasma focus based compact and portable system (0.5 m × 0.5 m × 1.2 m, weighing ≈100 kg) that produces an average neutron yield of ~2 × 10⁸ neutrons/shot (of fast D-D neutrons with typical energy ~2.45 MeV) at ~1.8 kJ energy discharge are reported. From the detailed analysis of the experimental characterization and simulation results of this system, it has been conclusively revealed that specifically in plasma focus devices with larger static inductance: (i) pinch current is a reliable and more valid neutron yield scaling parameter than peak current, (ii) the ratio of pinch/peak current improves as static inductance of the system reduces, (iii) the benign role of the higher static/pinch inductance ratio enables the supply of inductively stored energy in densely pinched plasma with a larger time constant and it is well depicted by the extended dip observed in the discharge current trace, (iv) there is the need to redefine existing index values of the pinch (Ipinch ^4.7) and peak (Ipeak ^3.9) currents in neutron yield scaling equations to higher values.     

紧凑型D-D中子发生器控制系统设计与实现

紧凑型D-D中子发生器为工业物料中子活化分析提供稳定可靠快中子源,其控制系统需要实现对加速器现场多设备远程参数调节和状态监测,保证中子发生器持续稳定运行,采用PC机加智能仪器构成的分布式结构,设计开发了一套基于Lab VIEW的综合控制系统,将My SQL数据库接入控制系统,实现中子发生器各设备主要运行参数的保存与查询。系统测试稳定,并成功应用于该中子发生器的调试和实验中。     

Design and implementation of fast charging circuit for repetitive compact torus injector

A novel circuit for compact torus (CT) injector operated at high repetition rates has been developed. The core technology adopted in the present work is to charge a large storage capacitor bank and quickly charge the CT capacitor bank through a stack of insulated-gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs). A system consisting of IGBTs and slow banks for the repetitive operation has been developed and installed for each discharge circuit of the University of Saskatchewan Compact Torus Injector (USCTI). A repetition rate up to 1.7 Hz and a burst of 8 CTs have been achieved.     

一台便携式伽玛相机的数据采集系统设计

介绍了一套用于便携式小型伽玛相机成像的高性能数据采集系统.为满足其便携式移动方便的要求,该数据采集系统的设计基于通用的USB接口,采用模块化的设计与系统集成.选用多通道数据同时采集的高速USB-ADC卡(DT9836)与LabVIEW软件开发平台,实现了高分辨小型伽玛相机多通道数据的同时采集、处理、图像显示与存储等功能...     

Design of a mobile neutron radiography installation based on a compact sealed tube neutron generator

A series of optimum conditions are taken into account in the construction of neutron radiography(NR) installation based on a sealed tube neutron generator capable of gnerating 10^10 n/s with 14MeV.The characteristics of NNU screens,a kind of self-made ^6LiF.ZnS(Ag)scintillation intensifying screen are presented.Finally,some neutron radiographies taken by this NR installation and NNU screens are given.     

Development and application of a new method to shim first harmonic in compact cyclotron

In order to adequately eliminate 1st harmonic in the magnetic field of the compact cyclotron, CIAE has developed a 1st harmonic shimming method that can be applied to the four-sector compact cyclotron. The amplitude of the 1st harmonic can be reduced by adjusting the azimuthal width of the shimming bars at both sides of the sector in this method. Based on the beam dynamics requirement on the amplitude of 1st harmonic, the principle of 1st harmonic shimming method is illustrated through numerical analysis, and meanwhile, the shimming has been implemented on the magnet of CYCIAE-CRM by processing the azimuthal width using NC milling machining. The shimming result shows that it satisfies the requirement of beam dynamics. The shimming effect using this method is also analyzed and expounded in detail. The extension of this method is conducted so that it can be used to shim β_θ at the median plane induced by the installation error of the upper and lower sector poles.     

Reactivity feedback calculation of a conceptual TRISO fueled compact PWR core

Reactivity feedback coefficients have been calculated for a compact sized PWR core that utilizes carbon coated micro fuel particles instead of standard cylindrical fuel pellets with an inventive composition. A small amount of Pu-240 with 5 w/o has also been added in tristructural-isotropic (TRISO) fuel in place of U-238 for the reduction of excess reactivity. The values of fuel, moderator and void reactivity coefficients have been calculated at the middle of fuel cycle. All the reactivity coefficients were found negative which meet the design safety criteria. It was also observed that all reactivity feedback coefficients are interlinked and their effects are pronounced when coupled together.     

Study of electron transport in a compact storage ring after interaction with target materials

A compact electron storage ring has been studied with tools for 3D electromagnetic field simulation. To produce an intense hard X-ray beam, the electrons interact with a target inside the system. If the impact on the electron trajectory after interaction is small, it is possible to reuse the electron several times as in a conventional synchrotron storage ring. We tracked the electrons in the 3D electromagnetic fields of the storage ring. From our numerical experiments we can determine the maximum thickness of the target materials.     

Measurement of beam power and profile for DNB on HT-7 tokamak

In normal experimental operation, a diagnostic neutral beam (DNB) can produce 6 A of extracted beam current in hydrogen at an energy of 49 keV with a pulse length of 100 ms. Hydrogen and deuterium beams can be produced as well. The diagnostic neutral beam has been added to the diagnostic set so that charge-exchange recombination spectroscopy (CXRS) can be used to acquire ion temperature and rotation. The beam power and beam profile distribution of the DNB injection can be obtained with a thermocouple probe measurement system on the HT-7 superconducting tokamak. The thermocouple probe measurement system with 13 thermocouples crossly distributed on the probe plate was used to measure the temperature rise of each coppery target, so the profile distribution of the ion/neutral beam was obtained by calculation. In this paper, the structure of the probe plate on the DNB for HT-7 tokamak and some measurement results are presented.     

Design of data transmission for a portable DAQ system

Field Programmable Gate Array （FPGA）, combined with ARM （Advanced RISC Machines） is increasingly employed in the portable data acquisition （DAQ） system for nuclear experiments to reduce the system volume and achieve powerful and multifunctional capacity. High-speed data transmission between FPGA and ARM is one of the most challenging issues for system implementation. In this paper, we propose a method to realize the high-speed data transmission by using the FPGA to acquire massive data from FEE （Front-end electronics） and send it to the ARM whilst the ARM to transmit the data to the remote computer through the TCP/IP protocol for later process. This paper mainly introduces the interface design of the high-speed transmission method between the FPGA and the ARM, the transmission logic of the FPGA, and the program design of the ARM. The theoretical research shows that the maximal transmission speed between the FPGA and the ARM through this way can reach 50 MB/s. In a realistic nuclear physics experiment, this portable DAQ system achieved 2.2 MB/s data acquisition speed.     

Development and improvement of thermoelectric generator modules for a space nuclear power system

Ways to improve the components of a high-temperature silicon-germanium thermoelectric module with radial-annular geometry of thermoelements for use in space nuclear power systems with specific heat fluxes 30–70 W/cm² at temperatures ∼1200 K are presented. Certain structural elements, which make a thermoelectric converter realistic, such as an electrical insulation unit and a thermojunction which damps stresses, have been developed. The reasons for the losses of thermoelectric efficiency in previously developed thermoelectric modules based on a silicon-germanium alloy are analyzed. The processes responsible for the degradation of thermoelectric modules and determining their service life are determined. Preliminary experiments show that all ways enumerated for lowering the losses and increasing the stability of thermoelectric modules consisting of silicon-germanium alloy are realizable. 7 references. Sukhumi Physicotechnical Institute. Translated from Atomnaya énergiya, Vol. 89, No. 1, pp. 74–78, July, 2000.     

Design and construction of a multi-sensor position monitoring system applied to key components of synchrotron sources

Abstracts High-accuracy position monitoring of key components is required for modern synchrotron sources, such as free-electron lasers and diffraction-limited storage rings. Although various position monitoring sensors have been adopted to monitor the displacement of key compo-nents in each direction in real time, these monitoring sys-tems are usually based on their own coordinate system. Data from such systems are meaningful when evaluating and examining the data from each positioning monitoring system in a unified coordinate system. This paper presents the design and construction of a multi-sensor position monitoring system (MPMS). A hydrostatic levelling sys-tem, a wire position sensor (WPS) and a tiltmeter are fixed to a stainless steel plate that has been calibrated by a coordinate-measurement machine. Several plates form the MPMS. The system must compensate for the sag of the stretched wires so that the WPSs create a straight line. The method of the coordinate transformation from the sensor coordinate system to the MPMS coordinate system was thoroughly studied. An experimental MPMS that includes five plates was setup in a 20-m tunnel, and a validation study to verify fully the feasibility of the MPMS was performed.     

Modification of a pulsed 14-MeV fast neutron generator to a medium-energy ion accelerator for TOF-RBS application

The first drift-tube neutron generator in Thailand, developed during 1980s under the support by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), was a 150 kV deuteron accelerator-based 14 MeV fast neutron generator. The accelerator was featured by a nanosecond pulsing system consisting of a beam chopper in combination with a beam buncher. Following the rapid development of ion beam technology and increasing needs for materials applications in the laboratory, the accelerator has been upgraded and modified to a large extent into a medium-energy ion-accelerator for time-of-flight Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (TOF-RBS) applications. The modification of the accelerator included the changing of the ion source, the accelerating tube and the mass-analyzing magnet, the upgrading of the pulsing system, and the installation of a TOF-RBS detecting system. The new accelerator is capable of supplying a 400-keV He-ion beam with ns-pulses for nano-layered materials analysis. This paper provides technical details of the modification.     

便携式X荧光分析仪前置放大器的设计

介绍了一种新型高速低噪声器的电荷灵敏前置放大器,该放大器已应用于便携式X射线荧光分析仪中,它具有电路结构简单、性能可靠、线性度较好、输出信号上升时间快、噪声低等特点,有较好的性能价格比。     

紧凑式低放可燃固体废物焚烧装置设计、建造与工程验证

针对废物污染轻、产生量少的场合,开发了一套占地小、投资少的"紧凑式低放可燃固体废物焚烧装置",并进行了工程验证试验。结果表明:该装置工艺可行、整体运行平稳;操作简单、安全可靠;处理能力、减容比、减重比等各项技术指标均满足设计要求,烟气排放监测结果满足国家有关标准要求。     

基于USB接口的多通道准高斯型脉冲信号发生器设计

设计了一种基于USB接口可编程的16通道准高斯型脉冲信号发生器。利用高速模拟开关电路产生模拟脉冲信号,DAC用于调节脉冲信号的幅度,RC网络以及运算放大器组成的成形电路决定脉冲信号的前后沿变时间,通过FPGA来编程控制模拟开关的通断和DAC的输出,利用USB接口实现PC机的通信和控制,最终输出16通道的准高斯信号。经测试,实现了预期的功能和要求,输出脉冲幅度大小可调,且各通道输出一致性很好,其积分非线性均小于0.7%,可用于大型粒子物理实验前端电子学的性能测试、校准检测等工作。     

Design of a compact focusing lens system with short acceleration tube at 300 kV

A compact focusing lens system with high demagnification over 1500 was designed to form an ion nanobeam with 346 keV energy by adding a short distance acceleration tube for beam acceleration and focusing downstream of the existing double acceleration lens system. The demagnification, focusing points and aberrations of the acceleration tube were studied using beam trajectory calculation. The acceleration tube was designed to have a length of 140 mm and a demagnification of 2 at its acceleration tube voltage of 300 kV, which resulted in a new compact focusing lens system with a total length of about 640 mm. In addition, the maximum voltage and electric-field of the acceleration tube were confirmed experimentally on the built device to be 300 kV and 30 kV/cm, respectively. The final beam size formed by the system was estimated to be 130 nm in diameter using the design parameters. The result suggests that an ion nanobeam of 346 keV can be formed by an apparatus having the reasonable length of 2 m, which permits us to develop a system for 1 MV by elongating its tube length.