共聚物相容作用的预测和初步验证

采用ＨａｒｋｉｎＨｏｂｂｓ方程中的分散系数λ对异戊二烯与苯乙烯的三元嵌段共聚物（ＳＩＳ）和丁二烯与苯乙烯的三元嵌段共聚物（ＳＢＳ）在ＩＲ／ＣＲ和ＩＲ／ＢＲ共混物中的相容作用做了预测，并通过实验进行了验证。结果表明，在ＩＲ／ＣＲ共混物中加入ＳＩＳ或ＳＢＳ后可明显地增大ＭｏｏｎｅｙＲｉｖｌｉｎ方程中的常数２Ｃ１，２Ｃ２以及橡胶在溶胀体系中的体积分数ｖｋ，同时改善共混物的力学性能；而在ＩＲ／ＢＲ共混物中加入ＳＩＳ后，对网络结构参数和共混物的力学性能没有明显影响，预测与验证结果显示出一致性，证实了该方法预测的正确性。     

SBR／CR／SEBS共混物形态的研究

加入少量嵌段共聚物ＳＥＢＳ到热力学不相容的共混物ＳＢＲ／ＣＲ中，可以明显降低分散相粒子尺寸，促进体系均匀分散，分散相平均粒子尺寸约为１５μｍ。     

共混物IR/CR/苯乙烯类嵌段共聚物的结构与性能研究

选择苯乙烯－异戊二烯－苯乙烯嵌段共聚物（ＳＩＳ）、苯乙烯－丁二烯－苯乙烯嵌段共聚物（ＳＢＳ）和α－甲基苯乙烯－丁二烯－α－甲基苯乙烯嵌段共聚物（ＭＳＢＭＳ）３种苯乙烯类嵌段共聚物作为相容剂，通过理论预测和试验测试，研究了它们对ＩＲ／ＣＲ共混物网络结构和力学性能的影响。结果表明，加入ＳＩＳ，ＳＢＳ和ＭＳＢＭＳ可以明显提高硫化胶的弹性常数２Ｃ１和２Ｃ２以及拉伸强度，减小体系的损耗因子。３种共聚物的作用效果顺序为：ＳＩＳ＞ＳＢＳ≥ＭＳＢＭＳ。ＳＩＳ的最佳用量为３～７份。     

苯乙烯类热塑性弹性体对IR／CR的增容作用

采用相差显微镜及Ｍｏｏｎｙ－Ｒｉｖｌｉｎ方程中的２Ｃ１和２Ｃ２等方法，研究了少量ＳＩＳ，ＳＢＳ，α－甲基苯乙烯和丁二烯的三嵌段共聚物（ＭＳＢＭＳ）对ＩＲ／ＣＲ共混物相态结构、交联行为和力学性能的影响。结果表明，加入ＳＩＳ，ＳＢＳ，ＭＳＢＭＳ厅明显降低分散相尺寸，使体系分布均匀，提高了硫化胶的交联密度和拉伸强度。降低节体系煌内部损耗。对ＩＲ／ＣＲ共混物的增容效果，以ＳＩＳ为最好，ＳＢＳ次之，ＭＳＢＭ     

嵌段共聚物增容剂对LDPE／PS分散相粒径的影响

研究了增容剂苯乙烯－丁二烯二嵌段共聚物，苯乙烯－乙烯／丙烯二嵌段共聚物和苯乙烯－乙烯／丁烯－苯乙烯三嵌段共聚物对ＬＤＰＥ／ＰＳ共混物分散相粒径尺寸的影响，结果表明，在增容剂用量约３％时，分散相的粒径尺寸接近最小值，进一步增加增容剂的用量，粒径尺寸没明显的变化；增容剂中苯乙烯嵌段和橡胶嵌段之间的溶度参数差越大，分子间排斥作用越大，分散相的粒径越小。     

SBS对BR／CR共混物形态结构的影响

用光学显微镜研究了少量添加三元嵌段共聚物ＳＢＳ对热力学不相容的共混物ＢＲ／ＣＲ相态结构的影响。结果表明加入１份ＳＢＳ即可明显降低分散相粒子尺寸，减少体系分散性；达到１０份时这种效果已不明显。对共聚物的ＣＭＣ进行了确定，并将实验结果与Ｎｏｏｌａｎｄｉ的理论进行了比较。     

HPVC/SBR共混体系相容性的研究

采用动态硫化方法制备高聚合度聚氯乙烯（ＨＰＶＣ）／ＳＢＲ共混型热塑性弹性体,考察了单一组分相容剂「相容剂分别为ＮＢＲ２７０、ＮＢＲ Ｐ６５、ＣＰＥ和氢化苯乙烯－丁二烯、苯乙烯嵌段共聚物（ＳＥＢＳ）」、复合相容剂（ＳＥＢＳ／ＮＢＲ和ＣＰＥ／ＮＢＲ）及交联程度对ＨＰＶＣ／ＳＢＲ共混体系相容性的影响。结果表明,使用复合相容剂可明显改善ＨＰＶＣ／ＳＢＲ共混物的性能;动态硫化在改善共混物力学性能方面起主要作     

嵌段型丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯树脂的制备与性能

针对丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯(ABS)树脂中的橡胶粒子相形态难以精确调控的问题,提出采用可逆加成断裂链转移(RAFT)乳液聚合合成苯乙烯-丙烯腈无规共聚物和苯乙烯-丙烯腈/丁二烯嵌段共聚物,并通过共混制备嵌段型ABS树脂,研究嵌段共聚物分子结构对材料相形态和机械性能的影响。结果表明,通过乳液共混可制得橡胶粒子均匀分散的ABS树脂,与市售产品相比,采用两嵌段共聚物为增韧剂的嵌段型ABS树脂具有优异的综合性能,将增韧剂改为三嵌段共聚物,材料的拉伸断裂韧性能进一步提升,但缺口冲击性能下降明显。     

国外动态

新的增容剂ＳＢＭ嵌段共聚物和ＰＰＳ／ＰＳ共混物相反,ＰＰＥ／ＳＡＮ和ＰＰＥ／ＡＢＳ共混物中各组份是不相容的,从而需要增容剂和抗冲改性剂提高共混物性能,ＳＢＭ三嵌段共聚物对ＰＰＥ／ＳＡＮ既有相容剂的作用,又有抗冲改性剂的作用,该嵌段共聚物是苯乙烯、丁二...     

国外合成树脂与塑料文摘

每期文摘的题目均按汉语拼音顺序排列，英文按其字母顺序排列在汉字之前，数字开头的题目排在最前面。苯乙烯 丁二烯 苯乙烯三嵌段共聚物／甲基丙烯酸甲酯 苯乙烯共聚物共混物的形态对增韧的影响／Ｙａｍａｏｋａ，Ｉ．（日本）／Ｐｏｌｙｍｅｒ，１９９８，３９（１０...     

乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品废水的治理技术

乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)是十分重要的化工中间体,其下游产品较多。江苏某化工厂开发生产乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品三十多个,年生产规模三万多吨,是国内以乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)为中间体生产精细化学品的综合骨干企业。针对乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品废水特点,该厂结合企业实际,开展了产品优化,结构调整,清洁生产,资源循环利用,节水降耗等工作,从源头削减了污染物的生产。同时投资二千多万元新建预处理装置三套,6000m3/d废水生化处理装置一套,使全厂乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品的废水得到了有效的治理。     

几种乙炔加压设备性能的比较

阐述并比较了几种加压设备在乙炔加压清净过程中的性能和特点。     

三种煤样燃烧热的测定

本文通过三个厂家提供的三种煤样燃烧热的测定,由测定结果综合得出3号煤样燃烧最完全、燃烧热也最大,是三个煤样中最好的一种。     

Semi-empirical equation of state of metals. Equation of state of aluminum

A semi-empirical equation of state for metals is described. Its capabilities are demonstrated by the example of the equation of state for aluminum. New experimental data are presented on the location of the isentrope of aluminum for unloading from the state at p = 229.71 GPa on the shock adiabat to an aerogel (SiO₂) of density 0.08 g/cm³. __________ Translated from Fizika Goreniya i Vzryva, Vol. 44, No. 2, pp. 61–75, March–April, 2008.     

水泥水化热测定方法综述

水泥水化热是中、低热水泥和核电工程用水泥的一项关键的技术指标。全球范围内测定水泥水化热的方法有溶解法、直接法/半绝热法、等温传导量热法三种。本文总结了中、美、欧相关方法标准,对其测试原理、仪器设备、试验过程等方面进行了比对,并对其在领域的应用做了简单的概括。     

小议汽车涂装工艺设计对涂装成本的影响

论述了涂装工艺设计对涂装设备投资、涂装生产成本的影响。     

Calorimetric and Computational Study of Enthalpy of Formation of Diperoxide of Cyclohexanone

A thermochemical rather simple experimental technique is applied to determine the enthalpy of formation of Diperoxide of ciclohexanone. The study is complemented with suitable theoretical calculations at the semiempirical and ab initio levels. A particular satisfactory agreement between both ways is found for the ab initio calculation at the 6–311G basis This set level. Some possible extensions of the present procedure are pointed out.     

Measurement of the gradient of viscosity with composition of mixtures of non-ideal gases

A perturbation viscometer is a differential capillary viscometer that measures the logarithmic viscosity gradient of the viscosity-composition curve for gas mixtures. Measurements are made at different gas mixture compositions. Integration of the logarithmic viscosity gradients measured over the full composition range gives the mixture viscosity relative to the viscosity of one of the pure components of the gas mixture. This method is attractive because, for measurements of equal precision, integration of the gradients is potentially an order of magnitude more precise than measurement of the viscosities directly. It can also work at high and low temperatures and perhaps high pressures.The perturbation viscometer has been used to make measurements on ideal gas mixtures at ambient and elevated temperatures. The situation is more complicated when the gas mixtures are non-ideal. Extra effects due to density differences, molar volume change on mixing and differential thermal expansion may be measured in addition to the desired viscosity change producing systematic errors in the results. Thus, a more sophisticated apparatus is required. The standard perturbation viscometer has been modified to separate out the extra effects to permit measurement of the true change in viscosity. In addition, the theoretical operation of the modified apparatus has been revised to account for the design changes to permit calculation of the viscosity-composition profiles from the results.The apparatus has been tested using helium-HFC-125 mixtures and two new viscosity-composition profiles are presented for these mixtures at 23 and . Internal consistency tests have been used to confirm that the data produced are of high quality with an estimated uncertainty in the viscosity ratio data at of 0.9% and at of 1.5%.     

塔设备改造选型的分析

就当前扩产增容中塔设备设计和改造时板式塔和填料塔的选型问题加以分析。在评述目前国内常用的几种塔板和新型填料之后，着重介绍一种新型塔板（导向梯形浮阀塔板）和一种新型填料（波环填料——乾隆帕克）。     

气化给煤系统故障分析

气化给煤装置自投运以来,出现了气化煤仓堵煤、称重给煤机输送皮带因跑偏而损伤以及清扫装置故障频繁等问题,多次造成气化系统减负荷运行。通过对出现的各种问题进行分析,找到了产生这些问题的原因,并有针对性地采用配煤和改进清扫链等措施,使出现的问题得到了极大的改善。