Fe_3O_4/石墨烯复合材料的制备及其电化学性能研究

以FeCl_3·6H_2O和FeCl_2·4H_2O为铁源,以Na OH溶液为沉淀剂,选择共沉淀法制备Fe_3O_4∕石墨烯复合物。以Fe⁽²⁺⁾和Fe(2+)和Fe⁽³⁺⁾的浓度作为变量制得5种不同比例的Fe_3O_4/石墨烯纳米复合材料,然后将所得复合材料压制成电极片,组装成超级电容器后进行循环伏安(CV)、恒电流充放电(GCD)、交流阻抗(EIS)测试,探究Fe_3O_4与石墨烯的含量比对复合材料电化学性能的影响。结果表明,当FeCl_3·4H_2O和FeCl_2·4H_2O用量分别为0.456 g和0.665 g,氧化石墨烯用量为150 mg时,所制备复合材料的电化学性能最佳,比电容可达510 F/g。     

PET/Fe_3O_4纳米复合材料的制备

采用原位聚合法,在PTA、EG酯化缩聚过程中,添加纳米级Fe3O4改性剂,制备改性PET/Fe3O4纳米复合材料,采用熔体比电阻仪和频谱分析仪等对其表征,所制PET复合材料的屏蔽效能在测试范围内最高可达52 dB,平均值为32 dB。     

水热法制备Mn_3O_4/石墨烯复合材料及其电化学性能

采用水热法制备Mn3O4/石墨烯复合材料。石墨烯的含量对产物的形貌和结构有决定性的影响。当石墨烯与MnO2质量比1∶3时,制备得到MnOOH/石墨烯复合材料,当石墨烯与MnO2质量比1∶1时,制备得到Mn3O4/石墨烯复合材料。石墨烯与Mn3O4复合可使Mn3O4更大可能地释放赝电容,在电流密度2 A/g时,Mn3O4/石墨烯的比电容值为297.14 F/g。     

Fe_3O_(4-)还原石墨烯复合材料的制备及对Pb离子吸附性能的研究

近年来,水中的重金属污染越来越严重,其中Pb2+的污染尤为严重,用吸附法除去水中的Pb2+是最为简单的方法。本文用一种简单、低成本的方法制备了Fe3O4-还原石墨烯(RGO)复合材料,利用X-射线衍射、电子显微、振动样品磁强计、原子吸收光谱仪等仪器测了复合材料的结晶度、粒径、磁性和Pb2+吸附等性能。结果表明,制备的Fe3O4-RGO复合材料具有良好吸附性能,并可以重复利用。     

Fe_3O_4磁性纳米粒子的共沉淀法制备研究

叙述了以液相共沉淀法制备纳米磁性Fe3O4粒子的工艺,研究了反应搅拌速度、n(Fe3+)/n(Fe2+)的比例、pH值和熟化温度对制备纳米Fe3O4粒子的影响,并利用透射电镜表征观察Fe3O4纳米粒子的形貌。研究结果表明,在搅拌速度较快的情况下制备纳米级Fe3O4颗粒的最佳合成工艺条件为:n(Fe3+)/n(Fe2+)为1.8∶1(摩尔比),熟化温度70℃,熟化时间30 min,以氨水作沉淀剂最佳pH值是9左右,可制得纯度较高,粒径小于10 nmFe3O4磁性粒子。     

孔状氧化锌/石墨烯复合材料制备及其电化学性能研究

以氧化石墨烯和醋酸锌为原料,N,N’-二甲基甲酰胺为溶剂,采用溶剂热法制备了孔状氧化锌/石墨烯的复合材料。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)、X射线衍射(XRD)等对氧化锌/石墨烯复合材料的微观形貌结构和成分进行分析,并通过循环伏安、恒流充放电和交流阻抗对电学性能进行测试,结果表明,采用溶剂热法成功制备孔状氧化锌/石墨烯复合材料,带孔微球氧化锌均匀分散于薄纱状石墨烯表面,在6 mol/L KOH电解液中有良好的电容性能,当扫描速度为5 m V/s时,比电容为256.9 F/g。     

纳米Fe_3O_4/离子液体电解质的制备及其性能研究

采用简单易制的1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑氯盐作为离子液体,纳米Fe_3O_4作为胶凝剂制备准固态电解质。用油酸钾对纳米Fe_3O_4进行改性,考察纳米Fe_3O_4改性前后、不同质量比纳米Fe_3O_4对准固态电解质的影响。利用X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜、傅里叶红外光谱仪、电化学工作站等对样品进行表征。结果表明,纳米Fe_3O_4改性后导致准固态电解质的电导率下降,当纳米Fe_3O_4含量为4%时,电导率最高;当纳米Fe_3O_4含量为12%时,I_3~-在Pt电极上的还原速度最快。     

孔状氧化锌/石墨烯复合材料制备及其电化学性能研究

以氧化石墨烯和醋酸锌为原料,N,N’-二甲基甲酰胺为溶剂,采用溶剂热法制备了孔状氧化锌/石墨烯的复合材料。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)、X射线衍射(XRD)等对氧化锌/石墨烯复合材料的微观形貌结构和成分进行分析,并通过循环伏安、恒流充放电和交流阻抗对电学性能进行测试,结果表明,采用溶剂热法成功制备孔状氧化锌/石墨烯复合材料,带孔微球氧化锌均匀分散于薄纱状石墨烯表面,在6 mol/L KOH电解液中有良好的电容性能,当扫描速度为5 m V/s时,比电容为256.9 F/g。     

纳米光催化剂TiO_2/Fe_3O_4的制备及表征

采用两步法制备磁性负载纳米光催化剂TiO2/Fe3O4。首先用液相共沉淀法制备磁性纳米Fe3O4颗粒;然后用溶胶-凝胶法,以钛酸四正丁酯为先驱体,通过水解缩聚在Fe3O4纳米颗粒表面包覆TiO2层,得到易于磁分离回收的复合纳米光催化剂TiO2/Fe3O4,粒径大约为30 nm。利用TEM、XRD、FT-IR、VSM对Fe3O4和TiO2/Fe3O4的结构和性能进行了表征,结果表明,制备的Fe3O4为面心立方晶体(FCC)结构,具有超顺磁性;TiO2为锐钛矿相,包覆在Fe3O4的表面,形成了核-壳式结构的TiO2/Fe3O4复合光催化剂。     

Fe_3O_4@PFR纳米磁流体的制备及其表征

以硫酸亚铁、苯酚和六次甲基四胺为原料,采用水热法制备出酚醛树脂(PFR)包覆的Fe3O4(Fe3O4@PFR)纳米粒子,分散于离子水中,得水基Fe3O4@PFR磁性纳米流体,经过X-射线衍射仪(XRD)、傅里叶红外光谱仪(FTIR)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和振动磁强计(VSM)进行表征。结果表明,Fe3O4纳米晶体的平均粒径为20 nm,在室温下表现为超顺磁性,Fe3O4@PFR磁性纳米流体具有很好的稳定性和生物相容性。     

催化剂制备与研究 石墨烯/聚苯胺复合材料的制备及其光催化性能

以苯胺和氧化石墨烯溶液为原料,采用乳液聚合法,根据m(氧化石墨烯)∶m(苯胺)为0∶10、1∶20和1∶10合成不同石墨烯/聚苯胺复合材料。采用紫外可见分光光度计、SEM、XRD及FT-IR对复合材料进行表征。XDR和FT-IR表明,乳液聚合合成了石墨烯/聚苯胺复合材料。SEM表明,聚苯胺以氧化石墨烯为载体,分散在其表面。光催化结果表明,石墨烯/聚苯胺复合材料的光催化性能较纯聚苯胺明显提高,m(氧化石墨烯)∶m(苯胺)=1∶20的石墨烯/聚苯胺复合材料的光催化性能高于m(氧化石墨烯)∶m(苯胺)=1∶10,原因可能在于微观结构的不同。     

Synthesis of carbon-coated graphene electrodes and their electrochemical performance

In this work, C-graphene composed of core graphene and carbon shells was prepared to obtain a new type of carbon electrode materials. Carbon shells containing nitrogen groups were prepared by coating polyaniline (PANI) onto graphene by in situ polymerization and subsequent carbonization at 850 °C. After carbonization, the C-graphene contained 6.5% nitrogen and showed a 2D plate structure and crystallinity like that of pristine graphene. In addition, the C-graphene exhibited electrochemical performance superior to that of pristine graphene, and the highest specific capacitance (170 F/g) of the C-graphene was obtained at a scan rate of 0.1 A/g, as compared to 138 F/g for pristine graphene. This superior performance was attributed to the synergistic effect of porous carbon layer and the graphene and the pseudocapacitive effect by the nitrogen groups formed on the carbon electrode after carbonization.     

石墨烯复合负极材料的制备及电化学性能研究

介绍了石墨烯电极材料的储锂行为,分别综述了硅基、锡基、过渡金属氧化物、硫化物与石墨烯形成的复合负极材料的制备及性能改善的最近进展。将石墨烯与这些活性材料复合,可以有效地改善锂离子电池的循环稳定性和倍率性能。最后指出了石墨烯复合电极材料发展过程中存在的问题并对其前景进行了展望。     

Synthesis and electrochemical performance of reduced graphene oxide/maghemite composite anode for lithium ion batteries

Reduced graphene oxide (rGO) tethered with maghemite (γ-Fe₂O₃) was synthesized using a novel modified sol–gel process, where sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate was introduced into the suspension to prevent the undesirable formation of an iron oxide 3D network. Thus, nearly monodispersed and homogeneously distributed γ-Fe₂O₃ magnetic nanoparticles could be obtained on surface of graphene sheets. The utilized thermal treatment process did not require a reducing agent for reduction of graphene oxide. The morphology and structure of the composites were investigated using various characterization techniques. As-prepared rGO/Fe₂O₃ composites were utilized as anodes for half lithium ion cells. The 40 wt.%-rGO/Fe₂O₃ composite exhibited high reversible capacity of 690 mA h g⁻¹ at current density of 500 mA g⁻¹ and good stability for over 100 cycles, in contrast with that of the pure-Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles which demonstrated rapid degradation to 224 mA h g⁻¹ after 50 cycles. Furthermore, the composite showed good rate capability of 280 mA h g⁻¹ at 10C (∼10,000 mA g⁻¹). These characteristics could be mainly attributed to both the use of an effective binder, poly(acrylic acid) (PAA), and the specific hybrid structures that prevent agglomeration of nanoparticles and provide buffering spaces needed for volume changes of nanoparticles during insertion/extraction of Li ions.     

A new route to synthesize polyaniline-grafted carboxyl-functionalized graphene composite materials with excellent electrochemical performance

A new route to synthesize polyaniline (PANI)-grafted carboxyl-functionalized graphene (PGCG) composite material is established. In this paper, PGCG is first prepared through a two-step carboxyl-functionalized process. PANI can be grafted and grown on the surface of graphene due to the covalent bonding existing between the carboxyl-functionalized graphene and polyaniline. This method cannot only improve the mechanical performance and adaptive performance of polyaniline effectively, but also reduce the production costs and environmental pollution during the synthetic process. Therefore, a green and industrial synthetic process is achieved. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier transformed infrared (FTIR) all confirm that composite materials have been prepared successfully. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) indicate that the as-prepared PGCG has regular structure. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) indicates that the addition of graphene nanosheets can significantly improve the thermostability of PANI. Moreover, the as-prepared material exhibits superior electrochemical performance. As an electrode material for supercapacitors, PGCG possesses high specific capacitance of 158 F g^?1 at a scan rate of 25 mV s^?1 and 147 F g^?1 at 50 mV s^?1 in 1 M H₂SO₄. The Nyquist plot also confirms that the PGCG has low charge transfer resistance and good capacitive behavior. These great properties make PGCG a novel electrode material with potential applications in high-performance energy storage devices.     

锂硫电池石墨烯/纳米硫复合正极材料的制备及电化学性能

利用热解还原将Hummers法制得的氧化石墨烯还原为石墨烯,并采用化学沉淀法将纳米硫成功负载到石墨烯片层上,获得石墨烯/纳米硫（RGO/nano-S）正极复合材料。利用FT-IR、XRD、SEM、TEM和Raman对所制备复合材料的微观结构、形貌等进行表征,采用恒流充放电、循环伏安法和交流阻抗法对复合材料的电化学性能进行研究。研究结果表明,热还原所得石墨烯褶皱的表面形成容纳硫及多硫离子的空间,有助于缓解活性物质溶解和抑制多硫离子迁移;同时,均匀分布的纳米硫能更好地与电解液接触,在石墨烯的导电网络上增大了电化学反应面积,进而改善了该材料作为锂硫电池的实际放比电容量和倍率循环性能。     

石墨烯/聚吡咯复合电极材料超电容性能研究进展

分析了目前石墨烯和聚吡咯(PPy)用作电极材料的不足,详细介绍了近年来超级电容器用石墨烯/PPy复合电极材料的研究进展,指出石墨烯/PPy复合材料在能量转换和存储领域的未来发展方向.