以地沟油制备烷醇酰胺的研究

以地沟油为原料,采用甲酯法生产烷醇酰胺表面活性剂。利用两步酸碱酯交换法使地沟油转化为生物柴油,生物柴油在氢氧化钠催化作用下与二乙醇胺反应生成烷醇酰胺。探讨了生物柴油合成烷醇酰胺的最佳合成条件。结果表明,在生物柴油与二乙醇胺的摩尔比为1∶1.6,催化剂氢氧化钠用量为生物柴油质量的0.8%,反应温度110℃,反应时间2 h,真空度0.09 MPa条件下合成烷醇酰胺,产率可达95.64%,产品具有优良的表面活性。     

地沟油合成烷醇酰胺研究进展

简要介绍了地沟油的危害性,分析了烷醇酰胺的合成方法,甲酯法具有众多优点,是目前广泛使用的合成方法。以地沟油为原料利用甲酯法合成烷醇酰胺首先需要合成脂肪酸甲酯即生物柴油。而生物柴油合成的普遍方法是酯交换法,然后介绍分析了各种酯交换法,对于地沟油这样的高酸值原料油,采用两步酸碱法较为合适。     

地沟油合成烷醇酰胺研究进展

简要介绍了地沟油的危害性,分析了烷醇酰胺的合成方法,甲酯法具有众多优点,是目前广泛使用的合成方法。以地沟油为原料利用甲酯法合成烷醇酰胺首先需要合成脂肪酸甲酯即生物柴油。而生物柴油合成的普遍方法是酯交换法,然后介绍分析了各种酯交换法,对于地沟油这样的高酸值原料油,采用两步酸碱法较为合适。     

脂肪族仲酰胺：烷醇酰胺,二酰胺和芳烷基酰胺制备新技术

直接由三甘油酯与柏胺在低温下反应合成脂肪族烷醇酰胺，脂肪二酰胺，脂肪族芳酰烷基胺，基本上定量的形式各种产品，在５０～６０℃下，３～１２小时反应完全，比目前通常采用方法大约低１００℃，胺被过量使用作为溶剂，试剂，也可能作为催化剂，通过熔点和光谱（红外和核磁）来检测酰胺，如果用油脂的各种天然三甘油酯混合物制备混合酰胺，本合成方法可以提供了令人满意的产品，并能节约能源，避免脂肪酸或脂肪酸等中间的产物的生     

脂肪酸烷醇酰胺的研制

本文是以脂肪酸为原料采用交酯法经酯化、缩合制取烷醇酰胺的研制报告。考察了反应温度、反应时间、催化剂种类及其用量、原料配比等因素对酯化、缩合反应的影响,得出了优化反应条件。     

棉籽油合成烷醇酰胺

以棉籽油和二乙醇胺为原料,在ＮａＯＨ的催化作用,１５０℃左右反应６－７ｈ,可制得棉籽油烷醇酰胺,其性能与椰子油烷醇酰胺比较基本相同,其增稠性、稳定性良好。     

餐厨废弃油脂合成的生物油磺酸盐与碱复配的界面性能

利用餐厨废弃油脂经磺化反应合成了生物油磺酸盐,并与碳酸钠进行复配,测定了复配体系的界面活性、动态界面张力、界面张力稳定性和分配性能。结果表明,生物油磺酸盐的平均分子量为393,属于水溶性;生物油磺酸盐与碳酸钠的复配体系具有较宽的界面活性范围和较好的界面张力稳定性。在碳酸钠质量分数为0.4%~0.8%范围内,能降低油水界面张力至10~(-3)m N/m。随着碳酸钠质量分数增加,复配体系与原油的最低界面张力呈现先减小后增大的趋势,碳酸钠最佳质量分数为0.6%。放置90 d后,最低界面张力基本上保持在10~(-3)m N/m。碳酸钠质量分数一定时,随着生物油磺酸盐质量分数增加,生物油磺酸盐在油水两相中的分配系数降低,当质量分数大于0.25%后,分配系数降幅变小。生物油磺酸盐质量分数一定时,随着碳酸钠质量分数增加,生物油磺酸盐在油水两相中的分配系数增大,增幅较小。     

废旧轮胎催化热解油品分析

采用ZSM-5和超稳Y(USY)分子筛催化剂,利用两段法固定床研究废旧轮胎的催化热解.通过对轮胎的催化热解后的轻质油品(＜160 ℃)分析,发现热解后油品中单环芳香烃含量增加.如在热解温度500 ℃、催化温度400 ℃和催化剂与轮胎比例0.5的情况下,对没有催化剂以及含ZSM-5催化剂及USY催化剂的轮胎热解,得到的轻质馏分中苯的含量分别是0.15%、0.99%和1.89%,甲苯的含量分别是3.04%、5.68%和17.70%.这对从废旧轮胎热解油中提取化学化工物质的工艺研究有着重要的指导意义.     

玉米油酸酰胺磺基琥珀酸单酯盐的合成研究

介绍了以精制玉米油经甲酯化、酰胺化、酯化和磺化四步合成脂肪酰胺磺基琥珀酸单酯盐的研究。在酰胺化、酯化反应中采用自制的复合抗氧催化剂Ｃ及ＨＵ,可在１００℃下使转化率分别达到９４．２％和９５．４％,产品表面张力为３．５２３×１０＾－２Ｎ／ｍ,去污值为５８．４１％;脱脂率为３８．２９％。     

Biocomposites synthesized from chemically modified soy oil and biofibers

Composites with good mechanical properties were prepared from chemically modified soy oils and biofibers without additional petroleum‐based polymers. These composites were prepared from maleic anhydride and epoxide functionalized soybean oils that were cured in the presence of various biofibers (e.g., kenaf, kayocell, protein grits, and solka‐floc) by a flexible amine catalyst. Rigid thermosets characterized by a high‐crosslink‐density network and a high gel fraction were obtained. Fourier transform infrared was used to follow the cure reaction via the disappearance of the characteristic anhydride adsorptions. Composites with high tensile strength and low elongation were obtained when kenaf fibers were treated with (2‐aminoethyl)‐3‐aminopropyl‐trimethoxysilane and then added to the epoxidized/maleated soy matrix and cured with hexamethylenediamine. These biobased composites could provide inexpensive epoxy resin alternatives for a wide variety of industrial applications. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 69–75, 2006     

利用废食用油制备生物柴油的研究

研究了利用废食用油制备生物柴油的方法和工艺流程.以浓硫酸为催化剂,将废食用油中的游离脂肪酸先进行甲酯化,再以氢氧化钠为催化剂,对其中的甘油三酯进行酯交换制备生物柴油,通过正交实验分析游离脂肪酸甲酯化及甘油三酯酯交换的最佳条件.     

废渣中润滑油清净剂的回收

以二甲苯为萃取剂,利用萃取离心法对预处理后的废渣中润滑油清净剂进行回收,考察了废渣与溶剂不同质量比对废渣的洗涤次数以及对润滑油清净剂回收效果的影响.实验结果表明,从废湿渣中回收的润滑油清净剂产品回收率达98.0％～99.2％,产品性质稳定;对回收的润滑油清净剂与现场生产的润滑油清净剂进行理化性质及晶体粒径分析对比,回收的润滑油清净剂产品能够满足质量要求.     

Characterizations of surfactant synthesized from Jatropha oil and its application in enhanced oil recovery

Surfactants are frequently used in chemical enhanced oil recovery (EOR) as it reduces the interfacial tension (IFT) to an ultra‐low value and also alter the wettability of oil‐wet rock, which are important mechanisms for EOR. However, most of the commercial surfactants used in chemical EOR are very expensive. In view of that an attempt has been made to synthesis an anionic surfactant from non‐edible Jatropha oil for its application in EOR. Synthesized surfactant was characterized by FTIR, NMR, dynamic light scattering, thermogravimeter analyser, FESEM, and EDX analysis. Thermal degradability study of the surfactant shows no significant loss till the conventional reservoir temperature. The ability of the surfactant for its use in chemical EOR has been tested by measuring its physicochemical properties, viz., reduction of surface tension, IFT and wettability alteration. The surfactant solution shows a surface tension value of 31.6 mN/m at its critical micelle concentration (CMC). An ultra‐low IFT of 0.0917 mN/m is obtained at CMC of surfactant solution, which is further reduced to 0.00108 mN/m at optimum salinity. The synthesized surfactant alters the oil‐wet quartz surface to water‐wet which favors enhanced recovery of oil. Flooding experiments were conducted with surfactant slugs with different concentrations. Encouraging results with additional recovery more than 25% of original oil in place above the conventional water flooding have been observed. © 2017 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 63: 2731–2741, 2017