丙烯酸酯橡胶的研究与应用

采用丙烯酸酯类单体通过乳液聚合制备了丙烯酸酯橡胶（ＡＣＭ）。试验研究了ＡＣＭ硫化胶的性能。结果表明,ＡＣＭ引入—ＣＯＯＨ基团,用环氧树脂作硫化剂,可以实现高温快速硫化,且其硫化胶性能良好;增大带有柔性基团的单体（增塑剂）的比例,可以改善ＡＣＭ硫化胶的耐低温性;增大极性大的单体（丙烯腈）的比例,可以改善ＡＣＭ硫化胶的耐油性和耐热性。ＡＣＭ与氟橡胶（ＦＫＭ）并用初步研究结果显示,ＦＫＭ的用量在５０份以上时,并用硫化胶性能接近ＦＫＭ     

硫化剂TCY对丙烯酸酯橡胶的硫化特性

研究了硫化剂ＴＣＹ对丙烯酸酯橡胶（ＡＣＭ）的硫化特性。通过改变硫化温度,分析了硫化反应活化能,并研究了硫化剂及助硫化剂在不同用量下的硫化特性和硫化胶性能。试验结果表明,硫化剂ＴＣＹ对活性氯型ＡＣＭ具有低温快速硫化能力,其硫化反应活化能为６０５２ｋＪ·ｍｏｌ－１;添加少量硫黄作为ＡＣＭ的助硫化剂,可有效提高胶料的硫化速度和交联度,硫化胶的综合性能良好     

TCY／硫黄对ACM／NBR并用胶的交联作用

从混炼胶的硫化特性和硫化胶物理性能等方面考察了三聚硫氰酸（ＴＣＹ）、硫黄和ＴＣＹ／硫黄对丙烯酸酯橡胶（ＡＣＭ）、丁腈橡胶（ＮＢＲ）及其并用胶的交联作用。结果表明,ＴＣＹ／硫黄硫化体系适用于ＡＣＭ／ＮＢＲ并用胶、并用胶的物理性能达到甚至超过了两种胶料的物理性能的加和水平;ＡＣＭ／ＮＢＲ共混并用,加工性能得到明显改善     

甲基丙烯酸镁对NBR的补强作用

研究了在过氧化物硫化体系条件下,硫化剂ＤＣＰ用量和甲基丙烯酸镁［Ｍｇ（ＭＡＡ）２］用量对ＮＢＲ硫化胶性能的影响,并考察了Ｍｇ（ＭＡＡ）２对不同橡胶的补强作用。试验结果表明,Ｍｇ（ＭＡＡ）２对ＮＢＲ有明显的补强作用。随着Ｍｇ（ＭＡＡ）２用量的增大,ＮＢＲ硫化胶的拉伸强度和撕裂强度显著提高。在不加任何传统补强剂（如炭黑）的情况下,加入Ｍｇ（ＭＡＡ）２可使ＮＢＲ硫化胶的拉伸强度达到３０２０ＭＰａ,扯断伸长率达到５４４％。Ｍｇ（ＭＡＡ）２对不同橡胶的补强效果与橡胶本身的极性等因素密切相关,补强ＮＢＲ的效果最好,ＥＰＤＭ和ＳＢＲ次之,ＢＲ最差     

橡胶加工助剂在NBR及ACM中的应用

研究了４种加工助剂在ＮＢＲ及丙烯酸酯橡胶（ＡＣＭ）中的应用。考察了不同加工助剂对其性能的影响，并进行了小配合试验和产品中试。结果表明，加入加工助剂后，硫化胶的炼胶过程功率消耗降低，胶料的流动性、耐油性及分散均匀性有所提高。加工助剂对ＡＣＭ硫化有延迟作用。综合硫化胶的物理性能，加工助剂用量以２份为宜。     

丙烯酸酯橡胶加工配合助剂

随着我国汽车工业快速发展,对丙烯酸酯需求日益增加,本文综述了丙烯酸酯橡胶加工和配合助剂的应用,介绍了硫化剂、补强剂、防老剂、增塑剂、润滑剂、防焦剂、金属氧化物等对丙烯酸酯橡胶加工及其硫化胶性能的影响。     

环氧型丙烯酸酯橡胶的合成及特性

本文论述了含有改性单体──丙烯腈和作为硫化点单体的环氧基单体──丙烯酸缩水甘油醚的丙烯酸酯橡胶的合成及性能．实验表明环氧型ＡＣＭ不能用脂肪族胺硫化．但是可用硫作促进剂、用三乙四胺迅速交联．当环氧型Ｍ的中丙烯腈含量增加时，ＡＣ的硫化胶的硬度、定伸强度和耐油性及永久变形性都有所改善．     

丙烯酸酯橡胶硫化特性的研究

研究了以双肉桂叉－１，６－己二胺为主的并用硫化体系对丙烯酸酯橡胶的硫化特性：实验结果表明，该硫化体系对活性氯型丙烯酸酯橡胶具有较好的硫化能力，其硫化胶具有很好的综合性能；皂盐在硫化过程中对双肉桂叉－１，６－己二胺有一定的助硫化能力；ＣａＯ作为酸受体有助于进一步提高硫化胶的性能和稳定性。     

NBR／PVC／CO耐油胶管的研制

研究了丁腈橡胶／ 聚氯乙烯／ 氯醇橡胶三元共混胶制备胶管的胶料配方和混炼制造工艺,主要探讨ＮＢＲ／ ＰＶＣ／ ＣＯ 共混比、硫化体系、补强剂等因素对胶管用混炼胶性能的影响。实验结果表明：ＮＢＲ／ ＰＶＣ／ ＣＯ 共混胶经过合理的配合能够制得综合性能良好的胶料,并能改善ＮＢＲ／ ＰＶＣ老化硬化现象。     

丙烯酸酯橡胶的混炼加工与基本性能

以炭黑配合、浅色填料配合为中心阐明丙烯酸酯橡胶的密炼机混炼及硫化特性。围绕密炼机混炼的操作要素（设定温度,混炼时间,转子转数,填充系数等）与性能的关第进行叙述。设定温度提高及混炼时间延长对排胶温度的升高有作用。转子转数、填充系数对胶料生热、粘度升高都有影响。使用小粒径高补强性炭黑能提高丙烯酸酯橡胶（ＡＣＭ）硫化胶的性能。在浅色填料配合方面,使用高ｐＨ值填充剂能制成强度高、耐磨耗性强的硫化胶。使用硅     

硅橡胶/丙烯酸酯橡胶并用胶的加工与性能

研究了甲基乙烯基硅橡胶（MVQ）／丙烯酸酯橡胶（ACM）并用胶中MVQ与ACM的配比，补强剂，加工工艺及其它添加剂对并用胶性能的影响，结果表明：MVQ与ACM并用后，其耐油性得到较大提高，且随着CM用量的增大，并用胶的耐油性逐步提高；补强剂对提高并用胶耐油性有一定作用，补强剂用量越多，并用胶的耐油性越好；补强剂的加入顺序对并用胶的各项性能有一定影响；加入羟基硅油可降低并用胶的扯断永久变形。     

原位生成丙烯酸镁对天然橡胶补强的研究

研究了在过氧化硫化体系条件下，通过氧化镁（MgO）和丙烯酸（AA）原位生成丙烯酸镁[Mg（AA）2]对NR的补强作用。结果表明，MgO／AA原位生成的丙烯酸镁对NR硫化胶有明显的补强作用。随着MgO／AA用量的增加，硫化胶的力学性能显著改善。当MgO／AA用量相当于原位生成30份丙烯酸镁时，硫化胶具有较好的综合性能。     

配合体系对丁腈橡胶胶料性能的影响

研究生胶体系、防护体系、增塑体系、硫化体系对丁腈橡胶（NBR）硫化胶性能的影响。结果表明,当单独采用丙烯腈含量为29%的NBR2707或NBR N640时,NBR硫化胶的耐油性能优异,但耐低温性能较差;适宜的防护体系可以在不影响NBR硫化胶的力学性能的前提下,提高其耐油性能和抗压缩永久变形性能;采用增塑剂DOS/TP-95体系的NBR硫化胶的力学性能和耐油性能优于单独采用增塑剂DOS或TP-95的NBR硫化胶;采用过氧化物DCP/甲基丙烯酸镁和过氧化物BIPB/硫黄给予体硫化体系的NBR硫化胶的综合性能优异。     

白炭黑在合成橡胶中的应用研究进展

介绍白炭黑在合成橡胶单一胶种体系和并用胶体系中的应用,以及白炭黑与其他填料或补强剂并用在合成橡胶中的应用研究进展。指出今后应该进一步加强白炭黑补强机理及其影响因素的理论研究,降低生产成本,扩大应用范围;重点加强白炭黑与其他补强剂并用对合成橡胶性能影响的应用研究。     

硫化助剂及促进剂用量对异戊橡胶性能的影响

以吉林石化公司研究院生产的高顺式稀土异戊橡胶(JH-01)为生胶,研究了氧化锌、硬脂酸及促进剂等硫化助剂的用量对硫化橡胶物理机械性能的影响,探索了性能变化规律,确定了各助剂最佳使用量。在基础胶及炭黑用量不变的前提下,改变氧化锌、硬脂酸及促进剂用量,采用相同的混炼工艺及硫化工艺制成硫化胶试片,进行物理机械性能测试。结果表明,得到的硫化橡胶各项物理机械性能变化幅度较大。如需调整异戊橡胶的应力应变性能及撕裂强度可适当调整氧化锌、硬脂酸及促进剂的用量。     

Effects of fillers on mechanical properties of a water‐swellable rubber

The mechanical properties of the water‐swellable rubber prepared by blending polychloroprene with precipitated silica, crosslinked sodium polyacrylate, polyethylene oxide, and vulcanizing agents—such as stress at break, strain at break, modulus, energy at break, and hardness—were studied before and after swelling with water. The results showed that the addition of the reinforcing filler (precipitated silica) increased the mechanical properties, while adding crosslinked sodium polyacrylate decreased the mechanical properties, although it could improve water‐absorbent properties of the water‐swellable rubber. If some polyethylene oxide was included in the rubber formulation, the water‐absorbent properties and the mechanical properties of the rubber both increased; but, with the increase of more polyethylene oxide, the mechanical properties decreased. Wide‐angle X‐ray diffracting analysis was conducted to study the crystalline behavior of the rubber, which showed that the crystallinity of the vulcanized polychloroprene increased first and then decreased with an increase in the amount of polyethylene oxide. The crosslink density of the rubber was calculated by the Flory–Rehner equation. The mechanical strength of the rubber significantly decreased after swelling with water, compared with that before swelling with water. The morphology of blends was shown by scanning electron microscopy graphs. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 72: 577–584, 1999     

多嵌段共聚物增容的遇水膨胀橡胶研究

以天然橡胶和吸水树脂（聚丙烯酸钠）为主要原料，以含聚氧化乙烯嵌段的亲水亲油型多嵌段共聚物为增容剂，以活性陶土为补强剂，利用多组分机械共混技术，制备了遇水膨胀橡胶；从吸水动力学数据出发，研究了重量吸水率与增容剂含量、吸水树脂含量之间的关系；对遇水膨胀橡胶吸水前后的力学性能进行了测试。结果表明，增容剂的加入能显著改变遇水膨胀橡胶的吸水性能和力学性能。     

不饱和羧酸锌盐对NBR的增强

通过氧化锌与甲基丙烯酸或丙烯酸的中和反应,在丁腈橡胶（ＮＢＲ）生成了甲基丙烯酸锌或丙烯酸锌,研究了过氧化物硫化ＮＢＲ的力学性能和交联结构。结果表明,原位合成法甲基丙烯酸锌或丙焕酸锌增强ＮＢＲ可得到与直接加入法类似的增强效果,硫化胶具有高强度、高硬度和高伸长率;对交联结构的分析表明,硫化胶的良好性能与其含离子交联键有密切关系。     

Effect of interfacial strengthening in blends of reclaimed rubber and polypropylene

Thermoplastic vulcanizates (TPVs) were prepared from polypropylene (PP) and reclaimed ground tire rubber crumbs. Three types of interfacial strengthening agents—degraded PP, hydrosilylated PP, and hydrosilylated PP grafted onto styrene–butadiene rubber—were prepared in melt via a stepwise series of reactions and employed to generate various degrees of interfacial adhesion in the aforementioned blends. The incorporation of the interfacial agents resulted in improvements in the mechanical properties of these TPVs, and the rubber particle size remained constant. The PP chain length and the functional groups present in the interfacial agents affected the magnitude of the improvement in the mechanical properties. The interfacial agents were primarily present on the surface of the rubber particles in the blends, as shown by energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectra. These interfacial agents in the PP/rubber crumb blends led to a unique preyield kink in their stress–strain curves, a plateau, or a sharp turning point in the region of approximately 3% elongation and approximately 4‐MPa stress. These kinks were interpreted similarly to the cold flow of semicrystalline polymers in tension. The addition of the interfacial modifiers decreased the shear viscosity and increased the entrance pressure drop in flow through capillary dies, and this was attributed to changes in the elongational viscosity of the blends. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010     

Properties of polymer-modified cement mortar using pre-enveloping method

A new method, pre-enveloping sand with polymer, was adopted to make polymer-modified cement mortar (PCM). In the research, two kinds of latex, i.e., styrene acrylate rubber and styrene butadiene rubber, were used. The experimental results of physical and mechanical tests showed that, at the same level of polymer cement ratio, pre-enveloping method was better than normal method regarding the performance of the resulted composite. Moreover, in the condition of relatively low addition of polymer, the improvement of physical and mechanical properties, especially the resistance to cycling of freezing-thawing, by the pre-enveloping method was more significant. Additionally, it was found that styrene butadiene rubber can improve the fluidity of the mortar, and mortar with styrene acrylate rubber can maintain the same fluidity as the control sample by adding small quantities of a superplasticizer. Styrene acrylate rubber had no water-reducing ability by itself.