马齿苋保健果冻的研制

以马齿苋汁为主要原料，利用正交试验和感官评定的方法确定马齿苋保健果冻的最佳配方为：20％马齿苋汁，9％蔗糖，0．4％柠檬酸，3．4％凝胶剂(明胶：琼脂比为4：1)。该产品呈浅桃红色，酸甜可口，不含防腐剂，并具有一定的保健功能。     

低糖苦瓜果脯的加工工艺

以苦瓜为原料,对影响苦瓜果脯品质的烫漂、护色、温度、渗糖等关键工艺进行研究。结果表明:苦瓜最佳切分厚度为0.7 cm～0.8 cm;烫漂时间为3 min;烫漂温度为90℃。最佳护色和硬化工艺配方为:氯化钙0.5%、亚硫酸氢钠0.5%、氯化钠0.2%、醋酸锌0.3%。最佳渗糖工艺为:CMC浓度为2.0%、β-环状糊精的添加量3%、浸泡液浓度梯度为30%-40%-50%、每次冷浸时间8 h。制成的低糖苦瓜果脯风味好、色泽自然。     

玉米须保健乳清蛋白饮品的研究

利用生物酶技术提取玉米须中的黄酮和多糖等功效组分,与乳清蛋白、苦瓜以及木糖醇等功能性原料,经科学调配而加工成玉米须保健乳清蛋白饮品。采用混料实验设计,优化出保健乳清蛋白饮品的基本配方为玉米须提取液添加量38．33％,乳清蛋白液添加量38．34％,苦瓜汁添加量23．33％。采用单因素实验设计,以感官评价为指标,确定该饮品中β-环状糊精添加量0．12％,柠檬酸添加量0．01％,木糖醇添加量3％。以沉淀率为检测指标,确定该饮品中的最佳稳定剂组合为CMC和刺槐豆胶,其添加量分别为0．15％和0．15％．     

黄秋葵保健果冻的研制

以黄秋葵为主要原材料,以卡拉胶、魔芋胶为凝固剂,以白砂糖和异麦芽低聚糖为甜味剂,以感官评价为考察指标,通过单因素和正交实验,确定黄秋葵保健果冻的加工工艺。试验结果表明,最佳护色条件为烫漂温度85℃~95℃,烫漂时间1.5min;复合胶最佳配比为58∶42;果冻最佳配方为复合胶加量0.9%、黄秋葵汁25%、白砂糖5%、异麦芽低聚糖4%、柠檬酸0.1%。     

黄秋葵保健果冻的研制

以黄秋葵为主要原材料,以卡拉胶、魔芋胶为凝固剂,以白砂糖和异麦芽低聚糖为甜味剂,以感官评价为考察指标,通过单因素和正交实验,确定黄秋葵保健果冻的加工工艺。试验结果表明,最佳护色条件为烫漂温度85℃~95℃,烫漂时间1.5min;复合胶最佳配比为58∶42;果冻最佳配方为复合胶加量0.9%、黄秋葵汁25%、白砂糖5%、异麦芽低聚糖4%、柠檬酸0.1%。     

怀山药保健果冻的研制

以怀山药、鲜牛奶为主要原料，运用正交试验对怀山药保健果冻的加工工艺进行研究，得出怀山药汁最佳发酵条件：接种量为3％、发酵温度40℃、发酵时间5h、50％山药汁、50％牛奶、蔗糖8％；凝胶剂添加量：0．4％卡拉胶、0．2％黄原胶和0．08％氯化钾。可研制出色泽均匀，组织状态良好，口感细腻、酸甜适中，香气协调的营养保健型怀山药果冻。     

香酥免肉片的研制

采用L9(3^4)正交试验法，探讨了淀粉、小苏打、β—环状糊精等辅科对兔肉片质量的影响，确定了香酥兔肉片的配方。结果表明，用兔肉为主要原料，添加淀粉10％、小苏打1％、β—环状糊精0．06％，其产品质量最佳。     

苦瓜汁加工工艺对皂甙的影响研究

对影响苦瓜汁中皂甙含量和稳定性的主要加工工艺(漂烫、调配和杀菌)进行了研究。结果表明,苦瓜在70℃漂烫4min,汁中皂甙含量较高,同时可以去除苦瓜汁中的涩味。酸度调节为4的苦瓜汁在85℃杀菌15min,汁中皂甙的损失较小。     

苦瓜生姜复合饮料加工工艺研究

本实验以苦瓜、生姜为主要原料,采用正交设计、感官评价等方法,研究了苦瓜生姜复合饮料的加工工艺。结果表明,在苦瓜汁中添加0.5%β-环状糊精可有效降低其苦味,复合饮料的最佳配方为苦瓜与生姜的原汁比为14:1、0.15%柠檬酸、5%白砂糖。     

苦瓜饮料工艺条件的研究

以苦瓜与蔗糖作为原料，研制出一种口味独特、具有一定保健效果的饮料。苦瓜汁最佳浸提条件为：水和苦瓜汁比例为2：1，浸提温度为50℃，浸提时间为1．5h；Ve添加量为0．01％，料液pH值为4．4，灭菌温度为108℃，结合精滤膜技术，解决了产品的沉淀问题。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Detection of adulteration of locust bean gum with guar gum by capillary electrophoresis and polarized light microscopy

Capillary electrophoresis (CE) and polarized light microscopy (PLM) were utilized in the detection of the adulteration of locust bean gum with guar gum. For CE analyses, standards of locust bean and guar gums were extracted with 30% CH₃CN, removing the residual proteins from the gum matrix. A 8.75 mM NaH₂PO₄-20.6 mM Na₂B₄O₇ buffer, pH 9, was used to separate these proteins and to identify marker proteins that were present in the guar gum. These markers did not co-migrate with components in the extracts of mechanically processed locust bean gum, and are used as indicators of adulteration. Using PLM with toluidine blue and iodine staining techniques, unadulterated locust bean gum samples were distinguished from mixed samples through the differential staining of components in locust bean versus guar and tara gums. These experiments in the use of CE and PLM provide orthogonal and complementary methods for the verification of 'true' positives and the elimination of 'false' positives.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.