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水下无线通信(UWC)装备提供水下环境中信息传递和数据交换的能力,是支撑海洋科学研究、水下组网监测、水下协同作业、海洋安全维护等应用的重要装备类型。本文从水声通信、水下光通信、水下电磁波通信、水下磁感应通信4类主要的UWC装备出发,深入剖析了各自面临的技术难点,全面梳理了相关装备的国内外发展现状,进而凝练了UWC装备未来发展趋势。着眼我国UWC行业发展,辨识了整体差距、底层共性问题、顶层体系等方面的发展困境,提出了攻关基础机理与共性问题、聚焦突破行业核心方向、明晰装备顶层体系架构、完善保障措施与扶持政策等发展建议。相关内容可为把握UWC装备发展态势、布局UWC装备研制与应用等提供参考和启示。 相似文献
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几十年来,潜水活动得到了很大的普及,同时水下摄影科技有了长足的发展,水下摄影用照相机和水下专用摄影器材越来越受到摄影器材制造商的重视。世界上一些著名的照相机公司如尼康、佳能等,都推出了各具特色的水下摄影用照相机和水下专用摄影器材,这些相机和器材受到了专业水下摄影工作者和潜水摄影爱好者的欢迎。与此同时,潜水摄影爱好者依靠新设计的小型 相似文献
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智能水下机器人的路径规划方法 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
阐述了智能水下机器人的路径规划方法。首先介绍了自行研制的智能水下机器人的系统组成,然后讨论了其规划方法,并着重介绍了体现水下智能机器人自主能力的全局规划器和局部规划器。 相似文献
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新型激光扫描水下三维视觉传感系统 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
叙述了在原来研制的宽视场角、全景深水下激光电视的基础上研制成的新型激光差频扫描水下三维视觉传感系统,它在提供二维图象的同时,还能实现全景深、大视场(水下75°×28°)的水下三维测量。使用了三维扫描接收装置、光电倍增管作为高灵敏度的窄视场接收器,可调整基线长度,并可克服水下散射背景光。系统在混浊水中可测范围为3~4个哀减长度。 相似文献
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结合水下滑翔机在海洋中的较强续航能力,以及蛇形机器人在水中的良好机动性能,研制了一种具有两者特性的新型水下滑翔蛇形机器人,它具有水下滑翔机续航时间长、航行距离远,以及水下蛇形机器人机动性强、运动灵活的运动特性。对该水下滑翔蛇形机器人的滑翔运动性能进行了试验研究。首先对水下滑翔蛇形机器人的运动原理及关节结构进行了设计分析,其次对机器人的硬件及控制系统进行了结构分析,而且根据动量定理和动量矩定理,对机器人的滑翔运动方程进行了推导,并化简到垂直平面。最后对平衡状态进行了仿真分析,对机器人的运动能力进行了试验验证。试验结果验证了水下滑翔蛇形机器人机构的有效性。 相似文献
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本文简要介绍水下不分散混凝土及国产UWB-Ⅱ型水下不分散混凝土在某水工工程水下沉箱制备上的实际应用,对该类混凝土从材料选用、强度统计到施工注意事项逐一作概况介绍。 相似文献
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Friction stir welding (classical FSW) is considered to offer advantages over the traditional fusion welding techniques in terms of dissimilar welding. However, some challenges still exist in the dissimilar friction stir lap welding of the aluminum/copper (Al/Cu) metallic couple, among which the formation of the Al–Cu intermetallic compounds is the major problem. In the present research, due to the fact that the formation and growth of the intermetallic are significantly controlled by the thermal history, the underwater friction stir welding (underwater FSW) was employed for fabricating the weld, and the weld obtained by underwater FSW (underwater weld) was analyzed via comparing with the weld obtained under same parameters by classical FSW (classical weld). In order to investigate the effect of the external water on the thermal history, the K-type thermocouple was utilized to measure the weld temperature, and it is found that the water could decrease the peak temperature and shorten the thermal cycle time. The XRD results illustrate that the interface of the welds mainly consist of the Al–Cu intermetallic compounds such as CuAl2 and Cu9Al4 together with some amounts of Al and Cu, and it is also found that the amount of the intermetallic in the underwater weld is obvious less than in the classical weld. The SEM images and the EDS line scan results also illustrate that the Al–Cu diffusion interlayer at the Al–Cu interface of the underwater weld was obviously thinner than that of the classical weld. 相似文献
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《工程(英文)》2017,3(6):871-879
In the past decades, many underwater tunnels have been constructed in the mainland of China, and great progress has been made in related tunneling technologies. This paper presents the history and state of the art of underwater tunnels in the mainland of China in terms of shield-bored tunnels, drill-and-blast tunnels, and immersed tunnels. Typical underwater tunnels of these types in the mainland of China are described, along with innovative technologies regarding comprehensive geological prediction, grouting-based consolidation, the design and construction of large cross-sectional tunnels with shallow cover in weak strata, cutting tool replacement under limited drainage and reduced pressure conditions, the detection and treatment of boulders, the construction of underwater tunnels in areas with high seismic intensity, and the treatment of serious sedimentation in a foundation channel of immersed tunnels. Some suggestions are made regarding the three potential great strait-crossing tunnels—the Qiongzhou Strait-Crossing Tunnel, Bohai Strait-Crossing Tunnel, and Taiwan Strait-Crossing Tunnel—and issues related to these great strait-crossing tunnels that need further study are proposed. 相似文献
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本文介绍了3-3连结复合(PZT 与硅橡胶)压电换能器在水中的声学特性。较全面地测定了它的声学参数(包括发射导纳、发射电压响应、声场特性、换能器耦合、应电压、换能器标称带宽及电压接收灵敏度)并加以分析。该换能器有许多优点,且优于压电陶瓷。对一些不足之处也展开了讨论。 相似文献