微型电子测压器校准系统的合理性论证

为确保微型电子测压器在高温、高压、高;中击的实测环境中的测试精度,微型电子测压器应用于实际测试前,都要在模拟应用环境下被校准,为了证明微型电子测压器校准系统的合理性,介绍了标准测试系统的时域静态校准,标准测试系统的动态响应特性,标准测试系统的误差要求3方面的内容。分析结果表明,使用该校准系统能保证被校准后的微型电子测压器的可靠性和测试精度,满足测试要求。     

放入式电子测压器的校准技术研究

电子测压器是理想的火炮膛压测试仪器,用经过静态标定的测压器测得的火炮膛压峰值与铜柱测压器测得的峰值相比散布很大.究其原因可能是选用的压力传感器的带宽无法完全覆盖膛压信号的带宽,也可能是火炮发射时的恶劣环境改变了传感器的动态特性.针对上述问题,通过准δ函数校准法得出压力传感器的频响特性完全满足测量膛压的要求.设计了模拟膛压校准装置,能模拟火炮膛内高温高压环境,产生幅值在80 MPa~800 MPa,脉宽在10 ms~20 ms的压力信号.实弹测试数据表明,经过模拟应用环境校准后的测压器所测压力峰值分布稳定性好、置信度高.     

基于多传感器数据融合的准静态校准数据处理方法

静态标定后的电子测压器靶场实测时存在测不准和测试精度不高的问题,为了提高系统的可靠性和测试精度,提出了基于模拟膛压发生器的模拟应用环境的准静态校准方法.为了提高校准工作效率,提出了基于多传感器数据融合的准静态校准数据处理方法.文中详细论述了多传感器数据融合理论以及标准压力曲线上升沿校准法的合理性.用上述方法校准后的电子测压器进行靶场实测,测试数据精度高,可靠性强.     

电子探空仪基测箱校准结果的不确定度评定方法的研究

针对电子探空仪基测箱尚缺乏其校准结果不确定度评定方法的研究,介绍了不确定度的评定方法及合成标准不确定度和扩展不确定度的计算方法,综合研究了电子探空仪基测箱的温度、气压、湿度、风速、输出电压及电池电压六项校准项目的校准过程及校准过程所使用的主要测量设备,分析了影响各项校准项目校准结果的不确定因素,并依据相关的规程规范对JKZ1-1型电子探空仪基测箱的各项校准项目进行了校准试验,并对其校准结果进行了不确定度的分析与评定,得出每项校准项目的校准结果均符合要求。该研究成果可为电子探空仪基测箱的实验室校准提供一定的技术依据,近而为准确评估天气预报、气候分析、科学研究和军工活动、国际探测数据交换等提供一定的数据支撑。     

基于贝叶斯估计的放入式电子测压器准静态校准数据处理方法

为解决贝叶斯估计法无法用于直接处理准静态校准数据的问题,提出了一种先对数据进行预处理,随后进行正态性分析获得正态性参数,最后依据正态性参数进行贝叶斯估计的多传感器动态测试数据融合的处理方法。经过计算分析,放入式电子测压器准静态校准数据具有较好的正态性,使用贝叶斯估计法处理充分考虑了测试数据的统计规律特性,减轻了多传感器测试系统中单传感器对测量整体结果的影响;经实验验证,其同时明显提高了数据相关性,能进一步提高测试可靠性。对于火炮膛压的精确测量有显著意义。     

基于加权数据融合和相关性的微型电子测压器改进的动态校准方法

为确保微型电子测压器在高温、高压、高冲击的实测环境中的测试精度,缩短校准周期,设计了模拟火炮膛内压力环境下的微型电子测压器动态校准系统,并从"虚拟"标准测试系统的建立和测压器动态灵敏度的计算两方面介绍了原始和改进的动态校准方法.对比分析其结果可知,改进的动态校准方法不仅能提高微型电子测压器的测试精度,而且能有效缩短校准周期,从而验证了改进的动态校准方法的可行性和合理性.     

微型电子测压器准动态校准的合理性

准动态校准已应用于微型电子测压器的校准中,为了证明其合理性,从膛压发生器模拟实测火炮膛压的可行性、标准系统的动态响应特性、前沿抽样的合理性、测压器输入输出为线性关系的合理性4方面内容进行了论证。另外,实测试验结果表明,准动态校准后的微型电子测压器的可靠性和测试精度均能满足测试要求,从而进一步验证了准动态校准的可行性和合理性。     

基于模糊PID参数自整定的细胞培养箱温度控制算法

针对细胞培养箱温度控制具有非线性、时滞性、易受干扰且难以建立精确的数学模型的特点,传统的PID控制方法对于快速维持系统箱内温度稳定存在一定的局限性。提出了以温度误差和误差变化率为控制输入,培养箱内温度为控制量的模糊PID参数自整定的温度控制算法,实现了对PID参数的实时在线修正。实验表明,该模糊PID参数自整定温度控制算法,温度从26℃上升到目标温度37℃,建立稳态的时间为2890s,温度超调极小。系统温度控制精度为±0.05℃,并在相同型号的细胞培养箱上同样得到验证。在控制稳定性方面获得了比传统PID控制更好的控温效果,稳定快,极小超调,温度控制精度高,能满足细胞培养箱温度控制的要求。     

瞬态压力测试系统的环境因子校准

多数瞬态压力信号的测量是在恶劣环境下进行的,用静态校准的特性直接用于动态参量的测量会给测量结果带来很大误差,为了减小测试环境对测试系统的影响,提高测试数据的置信度,提出了环境因子校准的思想.文中分析了两类环境力信号对测试系统输出信号的影响,介绍了火炮膛压测试仪和石油井下射孔压力测试仪的环境因子校准系统组成及工作原理.经...     

二进制电位差计说明书

1.测量直流电压。测量D/A转换器静态精度。 2.产生直流电压信号,供测量A/D转换器静态精度,测试模拟电路及校准模拟仪表使用。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。