实验室间比对的能力验证及材料试验机校准比对的应用实例

介绍了实验室间比对的能力验证基本概念,同时也介绍了中国合格评定国家认可委员会有关能力验证的新规定,并给出了校准测量实验室间试验机校准比对的能力验证典型实例.     

地市级气象计量实验室气压比对结果分析

随着地市级气象计量实验室的建设,中国气象局组织的全国计量比对在时间上已经不能满足数量众多的地市级计量试验室的需求。针对这种情况,四川省气象计量检定所将已参加过全国气象计量比对的主气压实验室作为主导实验室,气压备用实验室、甘孜州计量实验室和凉山州计量实验室作为参比实验室。通过比对实验,验证参比实验室的气压计量结果的一致性。实验结果证明,3个参比实验室与主导实验室的测量结果一致程度较好,可以正常开展气压传感器的计量工作。这种比对方式也可为全国其他省份的地市级气象计量实验室计量比对提供参考。     

校准实验室技术能力比对方案的探讨

本文介绍了校准实验室技术能力比对的目的,详细叙述了比对方案的主要内容。     

项目管理在实验室能力验证中的应用

文章将重点讨论项目管理在实验室能力验证中的应用。首先介绍项目管理的基本概念、流程和工具方法,为后续的应用提供理论基础。然后概述实验室能力验证的定义、意义、流程和方法,并分析其中存在的问题。接着详细阐述项目管理在实验室能力验证中的应用,包括项目立项与计划制定、项目实施与监控以及项目总结与评估等方面。进一步分析项目管理在实验室能力验证中的效果,并通过实验室能力验证项目管理的案例分析进行实证验证。最后通过实验室能力验证项目管理的案例分析,进一步验证了项目管理在实验室能力验证中的实际应用效果。     

砝码校准能力验证中比对方法的研究

借鉴质量管理体系的理念和方法,结合能力验证的规则和特点,阐述了砝码比对方案的设计过程,具体分析了设计方案的评审、实验室分组、样品传递、结果报告发布等各阶段的内容.经实践验证,设计方案合理,控制效果显著.     

空盒气压表实验室间比对测量结果不确定度评定

本文是对空盒气压表实验室间比对测量结果的不确定度分析.     

计数系统量值溯源对能力验证的影响

以过滤精度能力验证为背景,阐释了多通试验台颗粒计数器系统量值溯源的重要性,并对比分析了试验室的上游颗粒数和能力验证结果。分析验证表明:试验室多通试验台颗粒计数系统经过校准后,能力验证测试的上游颗粒数的合格通过率及过滤精度能力验证测试数据的满意率都有明显提高。     

机油滤清器压差实验室比对结果分析

为了考察各参与比对的实验室之间机油滤清器差压-流量特性结果的一致程度、实验室仪器设备的准确度、检测人员技术水平及数据处理的准确程度,确保各实验室的关键量值范围及不确定度均能保持在规定的范围内,使结果的量值溯源有效,某实验室在检测行业范围内组织开展了一次机油滤清器差压-流量特性的实验室间比对,并根据比对结果提出相关建议。     

压力表实验室间计量比对及结果分析

为了评估本地区压力表建标实验室的检定能力,组织了此次多家实验室间计量比对,对各实验室测量结果与其不确定度的一致性采用归一化偏差En进行评判,对比对过程中发现的问题进行原因分析,并提出建议,为保障本地区实验室的压力表检测水平和量值传递提供一定的参考。     

农产品实验室能力验证过程中的质量控制

通过能力验证,提高实验室检测能力,确保日常检测结果的准确性和可比性。对能力验证过程进行有效的质量控制,是通过能力验证的必要条件。     

A simplified procedure of metrological testing of the terrestrial laser scanners

This paper presents a simplified test procedure of the terrestrial laser scanners (TLS) accuracy investigation by the general criteria of the ISO17123 standard. The proposed procedure covers investigation, analysis and accuracy estimation of the TLS system in the controlled environmental conditions. This procedure is mainly developed based on the model of a system calibration and network design procedures. Metrological Laboratory of the Faculty of Civil Engineering in Belgrade is customized for TLS testing. The accuracy investigation of a commercial TLS has been performed. The accuracy of the resulted point cloud, which is indirectly represented by the coordinates of the acquired control points, is determined. Beside the analysis of the residuals of the 3D spatial transformation, the analysis of the true and the measured distance differences is also performed. The results show that these two approaches give the statistically same uncertainty indicators. Precision of the target recognition and influence of the unlevelled point cloud to the TLS centering error is also analyzed. Normality tests are used to determine whether a data set is well modeled by a normal distribution or not before testing of hypothesis for the variances. By varying the number of the control and check points it is shown that increasing the number of the control points more than three well distributed is not relevant for significantly higher transformation accuracy. On the basis of the conducted spherical orientation analyzes it can be concluded that the global orientation of the error vectors follows the laser beam direction due to relatively short distances. The most important result related to investigated TLS is that this particular sensor must be used only by indirect georeferencing experiment design.     

Development of a novel SCADA system for laboratory testing

This document summarizes the supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) system that allows communication with, and controlling the output of, various I/O devices in the renewable energy systems and components test facility RESLab. This SCADA system differs from traditional SCADA systems in that it supports a continuously changing operating environment depending on the test to be performed. The SCADA System is based on the concept of having one Master I/O Server and multiple client computer systems. This paper describes the main features and advantages of this dynamic SCADA system, the connections of various field devices to the master I/O server, the device servers, and numerous software features used in the system. The system is based on the graphical programming language "LabVIEW" and its "Datalogging and Supervisory Control" (DSC) module. The DSC module supports a real-time database called the "tag engine," which performs the I/O operations with all field devices attached to the master I/O server and communications with the other tag engines running on the client computers connected via a local area network. Generic and detailed communication block diagrams illustrating the hierarchical structure of this SCADA system are presented. The flow diagram outlining a complete test performed using this system in one of its standard configurations is described.     

汽车/护栏碰撞试验室张紧系统的设计

通过对汽车/护栏碰撞试验室张紧系统结构的分析,结合实际情况,提出了一种新型的张紧系统设计方法。此种张紧系统既能在空闲期又能在碰撞试验过程中安全地放松和张紧牵引钢丝绳。通过这种设计方法设计完成的长沙理工大学汽车/护栏碰撞试验室的张紧系统,经碰撞试验和突发事故系统应变性检验,能到达预期的张紧效果。     

业务流程测试方法的研究

现代软件开发过程中,软件测试对软件质量至关重要。业务流程测试是软件测试过程中一种新兴的方法。它能提高软件业务分析人员和软件开发人员的协同工作效率,保证软件符合业务需求。本文主要研究了业务流程测试的方法以及在设计业务流程测试时应注意的问题。     

基于XML的软件自动化测试

随着软件开发规模的增大、复杂程度的增加,软件测试变得越来越困难。自动化测试能够有效降低软件测试难度,节约大量的人力、物力资源。根据软件自动化测试的概念和基本原理,结合Silk Test测试工具和可扩展标记语言技术,成功实现AutoCAD软件的自动化测试。实验使用了4Test程序语言编写自动化测试脚本,对AutoCAD软件进行了国际化测试与本地化测试,通过运用元素和属性导航来查找信息的测试方法,显著提高了结果比对的效率。依据最终良好的测试结果,对软件自动化测试的必要性进行了分析。     

Experimental testing for metrological traceability and accuracy of liquid microflows and microfluidics

Micro-flows are growing more important and useful for a wide variety of scientific and engineering fields such as bioanalysis, drug development and administration, Organ-on-a-Chip, etc, but accurate and reliable measurements traceable to the International System of Units can be challenging in micro-to-femto flow operating ranges. In this paper a gravimetric method has been used to quantify the measurement error of the volumetric flow rate of water from 1000 μL/h to 1 μL/h delivered by a syringe pump in different experimental conditions that replicate the current microfluidics setups. Several sources of error have been determined such as the mass measurement, the fluid evaporation dependent on the gravimetric methodology implemented and the repeatability, believed to be closely related to the operating mode of the stepper motor and drive screw pitch of the syringe pump. The elastic deformability of the medical grade 1 mL polypropylene syringes commonly used in micro-flows has greatly affected the volumetric flow rate, unlike the glass syringes tested. Finally, testing the gravimetric method while adding PDMS microfluidic channels to the flow circuit served to demonstrate that material, dimensions and shape of the microchannels did not show significant influence on the volumetric flow rate error for the flow rates imposed, important to establish well defined methodologies for microfluidics.     

An experimental comparison of multi-frequency and chirp excitations for eddy current testing on thin defects

Non-destructive evaluation of materials and structures is still a key issue in some industrial scenarios as the production process and the quality inspection. In the case of metallic materials, economic and implementation reasons push for the use of eddy current testing techniques. In the last years, the effort of the research activity is been focused on the development of eddy current measurement procedures capable of providing as much information as possible about the presence, the location and the geometrical characteristics of defects. To this aim, newer signals characterized by a wide spectral content able to penetrate in the different layers of the material under test are substituting the older sinusoidal excitation. Among these, multi-frequency and chirp represent two optimal candidates within the class of frequency domain-based signals. The former is characterized by the simultaneous presence of many sinusoidal tones, while the latter exhibits a constant envelope and an instantaneous frequency that increases or decreases with time. In literature many interesting papers dealing with both excitation types are reported but an experimental performance comparison on a number of real defects is missing. Moreover the comparisons are usually executed on single measurements collected in presence of a defect in the location corresponding to the highest defect signal. Even if this strategy allows the analysis of the defect signature in time and in frequency domain, from both experimental and practical point of view, this approach is extremely sensitive to noise and it could be also difficult to be applied in on-line or in-situ inspections. In this paper, the proposed comparison aims at highlighting the suitability of each considered excitation method with respect to the extraction of defects geometrical features. It is proposed to combine the various excitation signals with image processing: indeed by developing a proper 2D image procedure from 1D eddy-current data it is possible to improve the defect detection capability when difficult cases are experienced (such as annealed and small cracks) and to extract more accurate information about the defect’s geometric characteristics. After the image processing application, the multi-tone and the chirp approaches are quantitatively compared by using an ad-hoc figure of merit.     

DZQ03A便携气象仪在机场气象观测中的应用及常见问题处理

介绍了DZQ03A便携气象仪的主要功能以及在机场气象观测中的应用;重点阐述了仪器在使用过程中的常见问题及处置方法;指出了使用过程中应注意的若干事项。     

阀门启闭扭矩连续测试装置的试验与研究

介绍了阀门启闭扭矩连续测试装置的性能特点、技术参数基及其控制方式。给出了装置通过扭矩传感器测试阀门的力矩变化并将模拟数据转换成数字信号由计算机控制输出的工作过程（该装置专利申请号：200620149672X）。