Eine verbesserte Methode zur automatischen Bestimmung proteolytischer Enzyme in Waschmitteln nach dem Prinzip der kontinuierlichen Durchflußanalyse

An Improved Method for the Automatic Determination of Proteolytic Enzymes in Washing Agents Using the Principle of Continuous Flow Analysis The process is based on the tried technique of continuous flow analysis. A casein solution is continuously incubated at 50° C with the enzyme containing sample segments. The non-hydrolyzed casein is precipitated with trichloroacetic acid and continuously filtered off. The filtrate is made alkaline and the tyrosine concentration determined at 290 nm. By using a special precipitation device, an aging of the casein precipitate is, for the first time, achieved, prior to continuous filtration. A synchronous parallel stream allows the individual determination of blanks, by means of which a manual process that has already been tried in practice can be directly automated without having to use special substrates or methods of analysis.     

Meßmethoden zur Prüfung der Wirkung von Antischuppenpräparaten

Methods for Examination of the Action of Antidandruff Preparations A method is described by which the action of an antidandruff agent can be determined by measuring the thickness of dandruff. Furthermore, a modified corneocyte test on head dandruff permits the measurement of desquamation promoting action of individual substances. The influence of antidandruff preparations on the refattening rate of hair can be determined by a method using glass with a rough surface.     

Meßtechniken zur Bestimmung der Eigenschaften von Blasen in Blasensäulen

Techniques for determining the properties of bubbles in bubble columns . Three different methods for the determination of bubble size parameters namely (i) flash-photography followed by image analysis, (ii) use of a conductivity probe with two electrodes and electronic processing of the signals, and (iii) the electro-optical probe with the same signal processing as the conductivity probe are compared and contrasted from the viewpoint of their optimal use, their accuracy, and their scope of application.     

Entwicklungen zur Flugstrom-Vergasung nach dem Koppers-Totzek- und dem Prenflo-Verfahren

Developments on entrained-flow gasification using the Koppers-Totzek and the Prenflo process . Many years of operating experience have permitted continuous improvements in capacity and availability of entrained-flow gasification plant applying the Koppers-Totzek process. Further increases in capacity and economy, in particular where poorly reactive coals are to be gasified, will be achieved using the pressurized Prenflo process. Gasifier development is being supplemented by the development of complementary equipment, such as dry coal-dust feed, material flow metering, and process automation. Closed wash water systems and other processing stages serve to improve environmental protection. The combination of pressurized gasification with a power station permits economical power generation with a high degree of efficiency and minimal environmental impact. Individual problems connected with pressurized gasification are being researched in a 48 t/d pilot plant.