基于二氧化钛复合光催化材料的制备及其可见光光催化性能研究

以溶胶-水热-煅烧法制备Bi₂O₃-TiO₂纳米复合光催化剂,通过XRD、SEM、XPS、比表面积和紫外可见漫反射分析等技术对材料的结构和形貌进行表征。以甲基橙溶液为目标污染物,考察Bi₂O₃-TiO₂光催化氧化效果,研究铋掺杂量、煅烧温度对甲基橙染料降解率的影响。结果表明,相比TiO₂,Bi₂O₃-TiO₂的平均晶体粒径更小;颗粒分布均匀,仅有少量松散团聚现象;Bi₂O₃-TiO₂存在介孔结构,有利于吸收污染物。在制备温度600℃条件下,Bi掺杂量为10%的Bi₂O₃-TiO₂纳米复合材料去除甲基橙的降解效果最优;在Bi掺杂量为10%时,Bi₂O₃-TiO₂的光催化降解效果...     

纳米二氧化钛光催化性能与应用

传统的催化科学为人类做出了极为重要的贡献．在面向对世纪的过程中，光催化可能是处理各类废水最有希望的新技术之一．光催化降解技术的优点是工艺简单、成本低廉，在常温常压下就可氧化分解结构稳定的有机物，利用太阳光作为光源，无二次污染．尤其是80年代末同世的纳米TiO2，粒径介于1nm～100nm之间的光催化剂具有无毒、无味、无刺激性，耐热性好、不分解、不挥发、来源容易等特点，是最理想的光催化剂之一，有着诱人的应用前景．1纳米TiO2的光催化氢化理论基础”[1，2]光催化氧化法是以N型半导体的能带理论为基础，以N型半导体作敏化…     

TiO2/C制备及光催化降解性能

以钛酸四丁酯为钛源负载活性炭制备了Ti02/C复合催化剂,从催化剂的用量、循环使用次数以及与P25比较等几个方面分别考察了该复合催化剂的催化降解甲基橙的活性.实验结果表明,Ti02/C复合催化剂提高了催化活性.     

溶胶-凝胶法合成纳米TiO_2光催化材料工艺性能的研究

以钛酸丁酯为前驱体,聚乙二醇为模板剂,通过溶胶-凝胶工艺合成纳米TiO_2光催化材料。利用XRD、SEM、UV-Vis对试样进行表征,以甲基橙模拟污染源,测试不同煅烧温度下纳米TiO_2样品在紫外光照射下的催化活性。研究结果表明:样品在500、600℃煅烧时为单一的锐钛矿相,当温度升高到700℃时,为锐钛矿相与金红石相的混合相。双相组织晶粒细小,分散有序,形成相对有序的孔道结构,大大提高光催化的性能,最大吸收峰出现在波长432 nm处,吸收速度快,效果好。     

溶胶凝胶法制备花生状TiO2及光催化性能

二氧化钛(TiO_2)作为环境友好型催化剂,在光催化中发挥着很重要的作用,是一种重要的光催化材料。以钛酸丁酯(TBT)为钛源,采用溶胶凝胶法在非搅拌状态下制得二氧化钛粉体。通过X-射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)以及紫外-可见(UV-Vis)光谱对样品的晶体结构、形貌以及吸光度进行分析测定。试验结果表明,随着煅烧温度的升高,样品由锐钛矿相变为金红石相,形貌也发生了变化;在400℃下煅烧后的样品呈类似花生的形貌,500℃出现了不规则的形状,600℃开始出现金红石相,700℃全部为金红石相和不规则的形貌;以甲基橙为模拟污水,考察样品紫外光照射下降解甲基橙的能力,其中400℃煅烧的样品在光照80 min后甲基橙的降解率达到了91%,光催化性能最好。     

锐钛型纳米TiO2光催化降解甲醛性能研究

概述了纳米TiO2光催化降解甲醛的机理。着重探讨了乳胶漆中TiO2含量、粒径、晶型含量及反应温度对TiO2光催化降解甲醛的性能影响，以及甲醛质量浓度和反应时间对甲醛降解速率的影响。     

纳米TiO2光催化水泥降解甲基橙的研究

光催化剂与建筑材料的结合是光催化领域一个重要的发展方向.文中以添加纳米TiO2的水泥为研究对象,以甲基橙的光催化降解活性为指标,考察了光催化水泥用量、水泥中TiO2的含量、水泥水化龄期以及甲基橙初始浓度对甲基橙降解效果的影响.结果表明,在紫外光照射下,当甲基橙的初始浓度为5 mg/L,光催化水泥用量为3 g/L,水泥中TiO2含量为5%时,光催化效率最高;延长水泥水化龄期,光催化水泥对甲基橙的吸附性能和降解性能均有所下降;提高甲基橙初始浓度,可以增强光催化水泥对甲基橙的吸附性能,当初始浓度达到15 mg/L时,光催化水泥的吸附量可达54.5%.     

石墨烯—铁掺杂二氧化钛复合物制备及其光催化性能

以氧化石墨烯溶液为底水,采用一步法热水解工业钛液制备石墨烯-铁掺杂二氧化钛复合光催化剂。以亚甲基蓝光催化降解为目标反应评价其光催化性能,考察了氧化石墨烯溶液浓度、加料速率、升温速率等因素对其光催化性能影响。采用XRD、SEM、FT-IR、UV-vis DRS及XPS等技术对其进行表征。研究结果表明:掺杂铁以Fe~(3+)形式进入TiO_2晶格形成杂质能级,提高复合物可见光响应范围。石墨烯有利于光生电子传输,实现光生电子-空穴对有效分离,提高光催化量子效率。最佳水解条件为:石墨烯溶液浓度为0.03 mg/mL、加料速率为8 mL/min、升温速率为1.0℃/min。在此条件下,紫外光下及可见光下光催化效率分别为94.15%和80.89%。     

铈掺杂TiO2光催化降解甲基橙的研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备纯的及掺杂不同量Ce的TiO2纳米粒子,利用UV-Vis漫反射光谱及XRD等对所制备样品进行表征和解释,以高压汞灯为光源,甲基橙水溶液的脱色为模型反应,研究了CeO2/TiO2的光催化降解反应活性.实验发现掺杂Ce的TiO2纳米粒子反射光谱特性向可见光方向红移到了500 nm;掺杂Ce的TiO2纳米粒子比纯的TiO2纳米粒子对光的吸收率高、吸收能力强;掺杂的Ce4+仅有少量进入TiO2晶格中,而大部分的Ce4+没有进入TiO2晶格中,而是以小团簇的CeO2形态均匀地分散在TiO2纳米粒子中或者是覆盖在其表面上,说明掺杂Ce能提高TiO2光催化反应活性,且掺杂Ce量有最佳值.实验结果表明在TiO2中掺杂Ce的摩尔百分含量为2%,甲基橙起始浓度为20 mg·L-1,CeO2/TiO2用量为0.400 g,双氧水用量为5.88 mmol·L-1,pH值为6.4时,光照8 h,甲基橙的脱色率可达96.8%.     

载体对二氧化钛光催化降解苯的影响

研究了以活性炭、沸石、膨润土和硅藻土为负载的TiO2对空气中苯的光催化降解性能，并与无负载的TiO2进行了比较，结果表明，选择合适的载体可以起到吸附与催化氧化的协同作用，提高催化效率。     

ATP-SnO2-TiO2复合光催化剂性能研究

以凹凸棒黏土(ATP)为基体,通过原位溶胶-凝胶工艺,制备出凹土基复合光催化剂(ATP-SnO2-TiO2)光催化甲醛。采用X射线衍射(XRD),透射电镜(TEM)等分析测试技术对复合体进行表征。考察制备条件对其物理结构和光催化性能的影响,并对不同光催化剂性能进行研究。结果表明,在凹凸棒黏土表面负载SnO2-TiO2后光催化性能得到明显提高,复合体中TiO2负载量为50%(质量比)、SnO2与TiO2质量比为1∶4、800℃煅烧的复合光催化剂活性最强,光照射3 h后对30 mg/L的甲醛溶液的降解率可达99%以上,显示出优异的光催化性能。     

可见光下掺N附Ag纳米TiO_2的光催化降解甲基橙

采用溶胶–凝胶法制备纯TiO_2和掺氮TiO_2纳米颗粒(N-TiO_2),然后通过光催化还原在其表面附Ag,得到表面附Ag的纳米TiO_2(即Ag/TiO_2)和掺N附Ag纳米TiO_2(即Ag/N-TiO_2),利用X射线衍射(XRD)、场发射扫描电镜(FE-SEM)、光致发光光谱仪(photoluminescence spectroscopy,PL)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)以及紫外可见漫反射光谱分析(UV-VIS DRS)对TiO_2及其掺杂改性后的组成和结构、光吸收性能以及可见光下对甲基橙溶液的光催化活性等进行表征。结果表明,所有样品均为锐钛矿型,Ag/TiO_2的平均晶粒度为20.4 nm;N以替代型N-Ti-O、间隙型Ti-O-N(或氧化态Ti-O-N-O)的形式存在于晶格中,银以Ag0形式附着在TiO_2表面;N掺杂抑制TiO_2晶粒的生长,并抑制光生电子与空穴的复合,从而促进TiO_2对可见光的吸收;表面附Ag对TiO_2晶格没有明显影响,但在450~580 nm可见光区产生强烈的表面等离子吸收带并延长至近红外区。TiO_2及其掺杂改性后对甲基橙的光催化效果为Ag/N-TiO_2Ag/TiO_2N-TiO_2TiO_2(或Degussa P25),Ag/N-TiO_2在可见光下对甲基橙(p H=3)进行光催化降解,150 min时降解率达到95%。     

Influence of inorganic anions and organic additives on photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange with supported polyoxometalates as photocatalyst

A novel supported polyoxometalate(POM),phosphotungstic acid immobilized into yttrium-doped TiO2(HPW-Y-TiO2) nano photocatalyst was prepared via sol-gel and impregnation method.The samples were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),X-ray diffraction(XRD) and N2 absorption-desorption analysis.The results showed that the supported POM exhibited Keggin structure and anatase phase with large BET surface area.The influences of inorganic anions and organic additives on the photocatalytic degradation of azo dye methyl orange with HPW-Y-TiO2 as photocatalyst under UV light(λ≥365 nm) were investigated.Results showed that inorganic anions Cl-,SO42-,CO32-and NO3-had inhibition effect on the degradation of methyl orange.A great enhancement of degradation rate was obtained while H2O2 and ethyl alcohol were applied.The degradation rates improved with the increase of H2O2 concentration.The optimum additive amount of ethyl alcohol was 0.5 mol/L.The possible mechanisms of the effects of additives on methyl orange degradation were discussed.     

Photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange by polyoxometalates supported on yttrium-doped TiO_2

A series of novel photocatalysts, H3PW12O40-Y-TiO2 nanocomposites with different H3PW12O40 loading levels (10%-40%) were prepared by impregnation method. And the Y-TiO2 support, doped with yttrium, was synthesized via sol-gel technique. The prepared catalysts were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), nitrogen adsorption-desorption analysis and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The processes allowed obtaining Keggin structure and crystallized anatase with large BET surface area as well as uniform distribution. The effects of H3PW12O40 loadings, catalyst dose, initial pH and concentration of dye solution on the degradation kinetics of methyl orange under UV light (λ≥365 nm) were discussed. Kinetics studies showed that the photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange fitted the apparent first-order reaction. Methyl orange was totally degraded in 21 min under optimum conditions: 20% loading, 0.03 g dose and pH 1.0. The catalyst was stable and easily to be separated from reaction system for recovery.     

二氧化钛分散技术研究

研究了TiO_2颗粒"打浆分散—砂磨"组合工艺分散技术。采用黏度和粒度表征TiO_2颗粒的分散状况,通过透射电镜观察分散前后TiO_2颗粒大小和形貌的变化情况。探讨了分散剂种类、分散剂加量、砂磨介质粒径和砂磨时间对TiO_2颗粒分散效果的影响。结果表明,TiO_2颗粒的最佳分散工艺为:硅酸钠作为分散剂,添加量为TiO_2质量分数的0.2%,采用粒径为0.4μm的氧化锆珠砂磨25 min,平均粒径为265 nm,粒度大小均匀,分散效果稳定。     

Preparation and performance research of Ce-TiO2/KL ball photocatalysts

The Ce-TiO2/KL （diatomite） ball photocatalyst was prepared and characterized based on the pretreated diatomite. The resuits showed that comparing with the crude diatomite, proper pretreatment could significantly improve its SiO2 purity and specific surface area. The surface of diatomite was clear with uniform pore structure and big pore size. With diatomite ball as carder, the supported Ce-TiO2/KL ball photocatalyst was prepared by sol-gel method. The photocatalytic performances of the supported Ce-TiO2/ KL ball and Ce-TiO2/KL powder photocatalysts under various preparation conditions were studied in view of photocatalytic degrada- tion rate of Rhodamine B （Rh B） solution. The degradation rate of the ball photocatalysts for Rh B reached 94.6% and could be reused for many times, which showed much better photocatalytic performance and stability than powder photocatalysts.     

Preparation,characterization of Y~(3+)-doped TiO_2 nanoparticles and their photocatalytic activities for methyl orange degradation

A series of pure and Y3+-doped TiO2 nanoparticles with high photocatalytic activities were prepared by a sol-gel method using tetra-n-butyl titanate as precursor.The as-prepared catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy(DRS).The results indicated that yttrium doping could effectively reduce the crystalline size,inhibit the anatase-to-rutile phase transformation and surppress the recombination of the photogenerated electron-h...     

锐钛矿型纳米TiO2溶胶的低温制备及其光催化活性评价

研究了以四氯化钛和氨水为原料,在常温下通过两步法制备TiO2溶胶。TEM和XRD分析表明,TiO2溶胶粒径小于10 nm,并存在一定数量的锐钛矿型晶相结构。自然光照条件下,通过对亚甲基蓝水溶液的光催化降解试验和对新鲜馒头的防霉试验,考察了TiO2溶胶的光催化活性,同时检验了TiO2溶胶的稳定性。结果表明,TiO2溶胶具有较好的光催化活性和稳定性。