用压力表监测予充气压力

按蓄能器生产厂家的要求,气囊式蓄能器的子充气压力至少应每月检查一次,这种简单的子防性检测可确保流量的一致性,并且可延长蓄能器的寿命。 检查蓄能器的传统方法是关闭液压泵并卸掉液压回路的压力,然后将充液阀的盖子打开,安装测试仪表,用三通手柄拧开充气阀,若充气压力符合要求,则需要按相反的顺序将蓄能器装好。     

拖体被动升沉补偿系统非线性建模及仿真

为了研究拖体被动升沉补偿系统中蓄能器压力和流量的非线性关系对拖缆张力和拖体深度的影响,运用软件“AMESim”建立了系统的非线性仿真模型,在41、165 L的蓄能器压缩空气初始体积和0.6、0.781、1.0、1.25 rad/s的母船升沉运动参数下,分别对拖缆张力和拖体深度变化进行了仿真研究.研究表明,当被动升沉补偿系统稳定工作时,拖缆张力变化范围与蓄能器压缩空气初始体积大小成反比,蓄能器压力和流量的非线性关系促使拖体深度沿一定斜率的斜线变化,产生了“拖体深度漂移”.     

抽油机电液伺服模拟系统伺服阀前压力脉动的分析

同机电液伺服模拟系统伺服阀前压力脉动的主要原因是油泵输出压力的脉动和伺服阀输出流量的变化，伺服阀前压力脉动和伺服阀输出流量的变化，伺服阀前压力脉动一同悬点运动规律的模拟精度且冲次愈高影响愈严重抑制和减弱伺服阀前压力脉动的途径是合理选用液压滤波器件，对有蓄能器滤波和无蓄能器滤波两种工作过程中的伺服阀前村力脉动进行了数字仿真，仿真结果与理论分析基本相符。     

液压凿岩机冲击压力及冲击性能仿真研究

提出了基于液压油液受压缩建立液压凿岩机工作压力的理论,在此基础上建立数学模型,并以Atlascop1238LE液压凿岩机为研究对象,耦合了蓄能器,建立Amesim仿真平台,对其进行仿真和分析,验证了上述理论的合理性,同时揭示了冲击性能、工作压力与输入流量、活塞质量、活塞油压作用面积、蓄能器充气压力之间的关系,对液压凿岩机的设计具有指导意义。     

短脉冲激光在散射性介质中传输的时域有限元分析

从瞬态辐射传输方程出发,利用最小二乘变分原理,发展了基于离散坐标形式辐射传输方程的最小二乘有限元方法,并将其用于模拟短脉冲激光在二维散射性介质中的瞬态传输现象。首先简要介绍了求解瞬态辐射传输方程的最小二乘有限元公式,然后以脉冲激光在生物介质中的应用为背景,考察了脉冲激光入射二维非均匀散射性介质的情况,调查了不同位置处时域信号的演化规律,为短脉冲激光在生物医学领域中的应用研究提供了有价值的参考数据。结果表明：对于局部短脉冲入射条件下的非均匀散射性介质,早期的时域反射信号能够较多地反映出介质光学属性分布信息,而距离入射光源较远的测量位置,由于辐射信号经过了较长时间的衰减,所包含的介质光学属性分布信息较少。     

液压变压器四象限工作特性研究

对液压变压器工作于四象限的特性进行了研究,建立了液压变压器四象限工作的动力学模型.对液压变压器四象限工况下,液压蓄能器流量特性、液压恒压网络系统压力特性以及液压变压器控制角特性进行了仿真研究,结果表明:随着负载的变化,液压恒压网络系统压力波动范围不超过3%,基本保持为准液压恒压网络系统,而液压蓄能器的流量以及液压变压器的控制角则呈非线性增加或减小.     

液驱混合动力车辆优化结构的脉动特性

根据蓄能器优化条件阐述了液驱混合动力车辆的优化结构及其工作原理。建立了液压变压器瞬时流量的数学模型,用频率法进行了并联、串联式蓄能器的理论分析。当配流盘控制角不同时,对液压变压器各个腰型槽口的瞬时流量以及蓄能器的流量响应情况进行了仿真分析。结果表明,无论配流盘控制角是否为零,串联式蓄能器的脉动衰减作用优于并联式蓄能器。     

任意细线结构瞬态响应的高效求解

将时域电场积分方程法和普朗尼方法结合,求解了任意细线结构的瞬态电磁响应问题。时域电场积分方程法用以计算早期响应,普朗尼方法从早期响应中提取极点,得到后期响应。避免了传统时域积分方程在后期响应求解的不稳定性,提高了瞬态响应求解的效率。以线天线、环天线为例,计算了在高斯脉冲激励下的电流响应。     

液压挖掘机回转制动能量回收系统

为了回收液压挖掘机在回转阶段的制动能量,提出一种基于回转马达进/出口压力差自动识别回转过程所处阶段,决策能量回收的全液压自动控制回转制动能量回收系统.引入一正态分布函数,以蓄能器压力状态（SOP）、液压泵出口压力以及负流量反馈压力为输入信号,根据负载的实时需求功率,提出一种以复合恒功率 负流量动力控制决策发动机和蓄能器主辅动力源的能量分配方法,保证回转机构的正常高效运转.仿真结果表明,当回转系统作为单独执行机构时,采用该回收系统的液压挖掘机,能够实现高达50.0%的再生制动能量用于驱动回转的能量回收利用效率,在相同工况下比同吨位液压挖掘机节能16.3%,不影响操作习惯和操作性能.     

井内瞬态波动压力分析

本文用混合隐式特征线法求解了井内流道中的瞬态波动压力问题,给出了弹性管和可压缩流体在井内各流道组合的压力波波动方程和定解条件。文中对运动管柱(钻柱,套管)在常规井身结构内的各流道组合进行了合理的划分,得出了各种情况下瞬态压力的数值解。本文瞬态波动压力计算结果比过去通用的稳态波动压力计算值更符合井内实际,因此用本文的方法能更准确地计算井内波动压力及确定合理起下钻速度。     

Dynamic characteristics of hydraulic power steering system with accumulator in load-haul-dump vehicle

Using hydraulic power steering system of model EIMCO 922 load-haul-dump vehicle as a simulation example, the dynamic characteristics of hydraulic power steering system in load-haul-dump vehicle were simulated and discussed with SIMULINK software and hydraulic control theory. The results show that the dynamic characteristics of hydraulic power steering system are improved obviously by using bladder accumulator, the hydraulic power steering system of model EIMCO 922 load-haul-dump vehicle generates vibration at the initial stage under the normal steering condition of pulse input, and its static response time is 0.25 s shorter than that without bladder accumulator. Under the normal steering working condition, the capacity of steering accumulator for absorbing pulse is directly proportional to the cross section area of connecting pipeline, and inversely proportional to the length of connecting pipeline. At the same time, the precharge pressure of nitrogen in steering accumulator should he 60%-80% of the rated minimum working pressure of hydraulic power steering system. Under the abnormal steering working condition, the steering cylinder piston may obtain higher motion velocity, and the dynamic response velocity of hydraulic power steering system can he increased by reducing the pressure drop of hydraulic pipelines between the accumulator and steering cylinder and by increasing the rated pressure of hydraulic power steering system, hut the dynamic characteristics of hydraulic power steering system in load-haul-dump vehicle have nothing to do with the precharge pressure of nitrogen in steering accumulator.     

液压节能系统中蓄能器的参数选配和安装研究

针对车辆液压节能系统中应用广泛的皮囊式蓄能器,分析了能量回收效果与蓄能器关键参数之间的关系、蓄能器的安装对吸收系统压力脉动效果的影响．这对车辆液压节能系统蓄能器的选择、安装具有一定的理论指导意义．     

并联和串联囊式蓄能器的理论分析和数字仿真

本文采用频率法,对新型串联囊式蓄能器衰减液压泵的压力脉动效果进行了理论分析和计算机仿真。并与常规并联囊式蓄能器作了比较,结果表明,串联囊式蓄能器对液压泵压力脉动的衰减效果远优于并联囊式蓄能器,所设计的新型串联囊式蓄能器,可推广应用于生产实际中。     

Concentrated and gastight sampling technique of deepsea microplankton

A new sampling method of deepsea microplankton with function of in-situ concentrated sampling and gastight sampling was proposed. In-situ concentrated sampling technique was realized as follows: a microplankton membrane was used as filtration membrane, and a deepsea pump was used to pump seawater; the microplankton was captured and the density of microplankton was increased when seawater flow through the filtration membrane. Gastight sampling technique was realized as follows: a precharged accumulator was used as pressure compensator. During the process of lifting the sampler, the accumulator compensated the pressure drop continuously. The laboratory experimental results show that with in-situ concentrated sampling technique, in-situ concentrated sampling can be realized and the maximum concentration ratio reaches up to 500. With pressure compensation technique based on accumulator, gastight sampling can be realized. When sampling at 6 km and the precharge pressure of accumulator is 18 MPa, pressure drop of the sample is less than 2% compared with its original pressure. Deepsea experiment (at 1.9 km) results show that the sampler can realize in-situ concentrated sampling and gastight sampling.     

网络理论在液压系统稳态与准瞬态分析中的应用

液压系统稳态分析惯用节点法建立系统方程，但对于一个实际系统，尤其是飞机液压系统，存在有系统方程阶数高和病态严重的缺点，运用网络理论中的回路法可解决上述问题，然而回路法的应用又迂到支路流量不连续和准瞬态分析计算中的系统降价两人问题，为此，提出了典型液压支路新的等效电路模型，修改了元件模型，提出将节点外输入变换成等准备支路外输入的方法，从而建立了系统回路法教学模型。在瞬态计算中采用距阵广义求逆法，解决了连续计算中出现的系统方程降价问题，使连续计算得以实现。本文将简要叙述这些问题。     

Development of hydraulic power unit and accumulator charging circuit for electricity generation, storage and distribution

It is the purpose of the present paper to convert hydraulic energy to electric energy and saves both the pressure and electrical energy for re - use during the next system upstroke using two secondary units coupled to induction motor to drive cylinder loads. During upstroke operation, the variable pump/motor （P/M） driven by both electric motor and the second （P/M） works as hydraulic pump and output flow to the cylinders which drive the load. During load deceleration, the cylinders work as pump while the operation of the two secondary units are reversed, the variable （P/M） works as a motor generating a torque with the electric motor to drive the other （P/M） which transforms mechanical energy to hydraulic energy that is saved in the accumulator. When the energy storage capacity of the accumulator is attained as the operation continues, energy storage to the accumulator is thermostatically stopped while the induction motor begins to work as a generator and generates electricity that is stored in the power distribution unit. Simulations were performed using a limited PT2 Block, i.e. 2nd-order transfer function with limitation of slope and signal output to determine suitable velocity of the cylinder which will match high performance and system stability. A mathematical model suited to the simulation of the hydraulic accumulator both in an open-or close-loop system is presented. The quest for improvement of lower energy capacity storage, saving and re-utilization of the conventional accumulator resulting in the short cycle time usage of hydraulic accumulators both in domestic and industrial purposes necessitates this research. The outcome of the research appears to be very efficient for generating fluctuation free electricity, power quality and reliability, energy saving/reutilization and system noise reduction.     

卡森流体在钻具内层流压降的迭代算法

在计算卡森流体在钻具中的层流压降时,需要求解一个非线性方程,以往通常使用近似公式进行计算。对于求解这个非线性方程,提出了一个数值迭代算法,并对该算法的收敛性进行了证明,给出了最大迭代步数的上限值。理论分析和大量实际算例表明这种算法具有非常稳定的收敛性和非常快的收敛速度,并且能够给出压降的精确计算值。     

二维铸造充型过程数值模拟的特征分数步长法

铸造充型过程的数学模型是包括连续性方程和动量方程的偏微分方程组．利用分数步长法将动量方程分裂成两部分，对第一个方程采用特征差分法进行处理，对第二个方程结合连续性方程进行处理后得到压力的泊松方程，用迭代法进行求解，给出了收敛性分析和稳定性条件．     

二维铸造充型过程数值模拟的特征分数步长法

铸造充型过程的数学模型是包括连续性方程和动量方程的偏微分方程组.利用分数步长法将动量方程分裂成两部分，对第一个方程采用特征差分法进行处理，对第二个方程结合连续性方程进行处理后得到压力的泊松方程，用迭代法进行求解，给出了收敛性分析和稳定性条件.