一种三维小波视频编码方法

基于三维小波变换的视频编码技术成为当今研究的热点。研究了一种时间轴小波分解的改进结构,给出了时间轴分解后各帧的重要性分析,在此基础上提出了一种结合运动补偿的三维小波视频编码新方法。该算法首先将视频序列按帧序的奇偶性分成两组,对各组分别进行改进的时间轴小波分解,然后对两组中的低频帧进行运动补偿,可以进一步减少数据量。在所要达到的目标码率条件下,对各帧根据其重要性分配最优的压缩码率,并利用SPIHT算法进行压缩。实验结果表明,该方法可以获得较好的压缩效果。     

基于小波变换的三维网格数字水印技术研究

大部分三维数字水印算法更多地关注水印的鲁棒性而忽视了三维模型的视觉效果。为了解决这一问题,提出了一种基于小波变换的三维网格数字水印新算法,该算法以典型的三角网格模型作为水印载体。提取三维模型中的显著区域,并将三维模型进行旋转归一化处理,以此保证对三维模型平移、缩放或旋转攻击都有很强的鲁棒性;将三维模型转化到球面坐标下并进行小波变换,在低频和高频系数下嵌入水印;经过小波逆变换得到嵌入水印后的三维模型,实验结果表明提出的算法既对多类攻击方式具有鲁棒性,又保持了三维模型的视觉效果。     

一种基于小波变换的三维网格模型水印算法

提出了一种基于小波变换的强壮三维网格模型数字水印算法。首先采用一种平面参数化算法将三维网格模型映射为二维参数网格，三维网格模型表面的几何信号相应转换为二维信号，然后采用一种自适应小波水印算法加入水印。实验结果显示该水印算法能够抵抗各种几何信号处理攻击。     

复小波域最大后验概率图像复原

提出了一种双树复小波变换域最大后验概率图像复原方法。该方法通过在最大后验概率图像迭代复原过程中构建噪声残差,并采用双树复小波变换零均值高斯模型对参差进行降噪处理,从而避免了原泊松最大后验概率图像复原过程中噪声放大的问题,实现了迭代复原的正则化目的。对比实验结果表明,该图像复原方法能很好解决恢复迭代中噪声放大的问题,同时,在视觉效果、PSNR、ISNR等指标上均比Wiener、Pisson-MAP等算法好。     

基于频域小波变换的Fourier去卷积法研究

将小波变换用于对频域信号的处理,提出了用频域小波变换获得的模糊项作为线性函数的Fourier去卷积法.与其他FSD方法相比较,本文提出的方法对不同类型峰形信号如HPLC信号均具有良好的分辨效果.由于不用选择线性函数,该方法还具有通用性较强,操作简便等优点.重叠峰分辨效果好的主要原因是由于从Fourier变换得到的模与其经小波变换获得的模糊项具有相似的线性和峰宽,能较大程度与原始谱峰相符.该方法有望用于不同类型重叠峰信号的分辨.     

Fast 3D wavelet transform on multicore and many-core computing platforms

The three-dimensional wavelet transform (3D-DWT) has focused the attention of the research community, most of all in areas such as video watermarking, compression of volumetric medical data, multispectral image coding, 3D model coding and video coding. In this work, we present several strategies to speed up the 3D-DWT computation through multicore processing. An in depth analysis of the available compiler optimizations is also presented. Depending on both the multicore platform and the GOP size, the developed parallel algorithm obtains efficiencies above 95 % using up to four cores (or processes), and above 83 % using up to 12 cores. Furthermore, the extra memory requirements is under 0.12 % for low resolution video frames, and under 0.017 % for high resolution video frames. In this work, we also present a CUDA-based algorithm to compute the 3D-DWT using the shared memory for the extra memory demands, obtaining speed-ups up to 12.68 on the many-core GTX280 platform. In areas such as video processing or ultra high definition image processing, the memory requirements can significantly degrade the developed algorithms, however, our algorithm increases the memory requirements in a negligible percentage, being able to perform a nearly in-place computation of the 3D-DWT whereas in other state-of-the-art 3D-DWT algorithms it is quite common to use a different memory space to store the computed wavelet coefficients doubling in this manner the memory requirements.     

一种改进的小波域阈值去噪算法

在D.L.Donoho和I.M Johnston提出的多分辨分析小波阈值去噪方法的基础上,提出了一种新的双变量阈值函数.采用新的阈值函数的去噪效果无论在视觉效果上,还是在信噪比增益上和最小均方意义上均优于传统的硬阈值和软阈值,克服了采用硬阈值法去噪效果不佳和软阈值法过度光滑使信号失真的缺点.通过仿真实验结果,表明该方法的有效性和优越性.     

A lossy 3D wavelet transform for high-quality compression of medical video

In this paper, we present a lossy compression scheme based on the application of the 3D fast wavelet transform to code medical video. This type of video has special features, such as its representation in gray scale, its very few interframe variations, and the quality requirements of the reconstructed images. These characteristics as well as the social impact of the desired applications demand a design and implementation of coding schemes especially oriented to exploit them. We analyze different parameters of the codification process, such as the utilization of different wavelets functions, the number of steps the wavelet function is applied to, the way the thresholds are chosen, and the selected methods in the quantization and entropy encoder. In order to enhance our original encoder, we propose several improvements in the entropy encoder: 3D-conscious run-length, hexadecimal coding and the application of arithmetic coding instead of Huffman. Our coder achieves a good trade-off between compression ratio and quality of the reconstructed video. We have also compared our scheme with MPEG-2 and EZW, obtaining better compression ratios up to 119% and 46%, respectively for the same PSNR.     

3D depth estimation for visual inspection using wavelet transform modulus maxima

A vision based approach for calculating accurate 3D models of the objects is presented. Generally industrial visual inspection systems capable of accurate 3D depth estimation rely on extra hardware tools like laser scanners or light pattern projectors. These tools improve the accuracy of depth estimation but also make the vision system costly and cumbersome. In the proposed algorithm, depth and dimensional accuracy of the produced 3D depth model depends on the existing reference model instead of the information from extra hardware tools. The proposed algorithm is a simple and cost effective software based approach to achieve accurate 3D depth estimation with minimal hardware involvement. The matching process uses the well-known coarse to fine strategy, involving the calculation of matching points at the coarsest level with consequent refinement up to the finest level. Vector coefficients of the wavelet transform-modulus are used as matching features, where wavelet transform-modulus maxima defines the shift invariant high-level features with phase pointing to the normal of the feature surface. The technique addresses the estimation of optimal corresponding points and the corresponding 2D disparity maps leading to the creation of accurate depth perception model.     

一种基于小波变换的马尔可夫随机场的视频对象分割

马尔可夫随机场（Markov Random Field,MRF）理论已经被广泛地应用于视频图像的分割。提出一种基于小波变换的马尔可夫随机场模型的视频对象分割算法。该算法利用小波变换将图像序列分解到小波域,并在此基础上建立马尔可夫随机场模型,构造相应的能量函数。通过迭代求解能量函数的最优解,得出标记场,提取出运动对象。仿真结果表明,该算法能够有效地抑制噪声,提高构成对象边界像素的数量,快速有效地提取出视频对象。     

基于多尺度时域3D卷积的视频超分辨率重建

视频超分辨率是一项很有实用价值的工作.针对超高清产业中高分辨率资源较为匮乏的问题,为了有效利用视频序列帧间丰富的时间相关性信息及空间信息,提出一种基于多尺度时域3D卷积的视频超分辨率重建算法.该算法将输入的低分辨率视频序列帧分别通过不同时间尺度的3D卷积进行时空特征提取,3D卷积能够同时对空间与时间建模,相较于2D卷积...     

基于小波去噪与变换域的信道估计方法

针对长期演进(LTE)下行正交频分复用(OFDM)系统的最小二乘(LS)信道估计算法对噪声比较敏感的问题,提出了一种基于小波变换去噪与变换域插值相结合的信道估计方法.该方法通过在最小二乘(LS)估计之后加入小波阈值去噪过程,再通过变换域低通滤波插值估计进行双重去噪处理.计算机仿真结果表明,该估计方法能够有效地去除加性高斯白噪声,比一般的LS估计算法性能要好,在一定程度上弥补了LS估计算法对噪声敏感的缺陷.     

结合场景分析的视频监控系统编解码优化方案

利用监控视频中静态场景较多且无意义和动态场景明显且集中的特点,基于业内领先的HITAV编解码算法,提出了一种结合动静态场景分析的监控视频编解码方案。运用该方案和TI公司推出的双核架构高性能芯片OMAPL138,实现了一个基于异构多核的嵌入式视频监控系统。实验证明,该方案降低了系统在有静态场景时的平均传输码流,提高了视频的平均压缩比。     

New analysis of HRV through wavelet transform

This article introduces a new analysis of heart rate variability (HRV) using the wavelet transform (WT) in place of conventional methods. This transform maps the signal into a two‐dimensional function on a time‐scale plane. It allows us to precisely determine the location and the power of the HRV spectrum. We apply this method to empirical data containing several stress factors and detect a decrease in power at high frequencies when subjects hyperventilate. We can use this method to detect peaks of power at lower frequencies. We analyze the WT results statistically to determine the relationship between frequency bands at each condition. The correlation coefficients for the WT results between scales change when the stress factors are given. This method reveals the characteristics of the power spectrum at lower frequencies. These are known to play an important role in the modulation of the sympathetic nervous system. This method can be useful in studying computer users’ stress responses under different working conditions.     

An efficient implementation of a 3D wavelet transform based encoder on hyper-threading technology

Video medical compression algorithms based on the 3D wavelet transform obtain both excellent compression rates and very good quality, at the expense of a higher execution time. The goal of this work is to improve the execution time of our 3D Wavelet Transform Encoder. We examine and exploit the characteristics and advantages of a hyper-threading processor. The Intel Hyper-threading Technology (HT) is a technique based on simultaneous multi-threading (SMT), which allows several independent threads to issue instructions to multiple functional units in a single cycle. In particular, we present two approaches: data-domain and functional, which differ in the way that the decomposition of the application is performed. The first approach is based on data division, where the same task is performed simultaneously by each thread on an independent part of the data. In the second approach, the processing is divided in different tasks that are executed concurrently on the same data set. Based on the latter approach, we present three proposals that differ in the way that the tasks of the application are divided between the threads. Results show speedups of up to 7% and 34% by the data-domain and functional decomposition, respectively, over a version executed without hyper-threading technology. Finally, we design several implementations of the best method with Pthreads and OpenMP using functional decomposition. We compare them in terms of execution speed, ease of implementation and maintainability of the resulting code.     

一种改进的小波变换域的字符定位方法

在分析图像中字符特点的基础上,研究其在小波变换域中的特征,依据这些特征,分析频率加权阈值法和利用块间信息的平均阈值法的优缺点,将二者结合进行图像字符定位。实验表明,该算法可进行图像中的字符定位,同时又可以弥补两种方法定位时的不足。     

基于整数小波变换和SVD的视频水印算法

提出了一种以二值图像为水印的混合整数小波变换和奇异值分解的视频水印盲提取算法。对水印图像进行混沌加密和Arnold置乱处理,选择计算复杂度低的直方图算法将视频分割为若干场景;借助密钥随机选取某些场景的亮度分量进行l级整数小波变换,再对低频子带进行分块的奇异值分解;采用量化的方法,将预处理后的水印图像嵌入奇异值分解后的最大奇异值中。在嵌入了水印的视频场景中提取所有的水印版本之后,利用对提取的所有水印信号版本进行统计求和的方法得到最终提取的水印图像。实验表明,提出的算法具有较好的透明性,对常见的处理具有较好的鲁棒性。     

A survey of recent 3D scene analysis and processing methods

Multimedia Tools and Applications - With ubiquitous cameras and popular 3D scanning and capturing devices to help us capture 2D/3D scene data, there are many scene understanding related...