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随着星载智能水平、航天运载能力、星间通信能力的全面提升,智能化、组网化、自治化的卫星系统成为当前发展趋势,传统的集中管控方式已难以适应未来分布式卫星系统的综合管理需求.针对分布式遥感卫星系统任务规划问题,本文提出了一种博弈协商机制的多星自主分布式任务规划模型.在该模型中,每颗卫星作为“理性”个体参与任务规划,在每轮博弈中基于局部目标信息和全局交互信息,利用自适应粒子群优化算法不断更新自身的“行动”,直至达到系统平衡.仿真结果显示,分布式任务规划方法能够灵活地应对不同规模的问题场景,算法性能不会随着问题规模的增大而出现显著的下降,有效地克服了传统方法在大规模任务规划场景中优化时间激增、收敛速度慢等缺点,能高效地获取全局性能较优的规划解. 相似文献
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现代防御技术的迅速发展使得水面舰艇的攻击效果大大下降,水面无人舰艇自主编队集群攻击技术已经成为未来海战的关键技术之一,多水面无人舰艇之间的任务规划是保证无人舰艇顺利、高效完成任务的关键。将水面无人舰艇集群攻击任务规划问题看成是多约束的任务分配过程,建立任务规划模型,提出了基于分布式拍卖机制的粒子群优化算法,该算法结合分布式拍卖机制对粒子群优化算法的粒子初始化和寻优过程进行改进,使得粒子既符合任务的约束条件,又保持了多样性,避免粒子在寻优过程中陷入局部最优。仿真结果表明应用分布式拍卖机制粒子群优化算法得到的方案不仅完全满足水面无人舰艇集群攻击任务的要求,而且比传统粒子群优化算法和其他群体智能算法具有更好的收敛性。 相似文献
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分布式知识处理系统的求解主要由四步组成:任务规划、任务分布、协作求解,以及结果综合,其中任务的规划是整个求解过程的基础。目前设计的许多系统缺乏任务规划能力,任务的执行序列和执行任务的任务知识源主要由系统开发者指定,所以系统的求解结果带有很大的主观性,效率也难以提高,本文首先分析了分布式知识处理系统中任务、任务知识源和任务规划;其次采用逻辑-对象知识模型,来表示任务规划问题;最后提出了一种基于知识的任务规划模型。 相似文献
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研究了给定通信基础设施和可用计算资源情况下,多智能体系统协同任务分配问题中集中式、分布式和分散式系统结构运用的适应条件及异步、同步交互方式在不同结构中的应用;分析了分布式或分散式的任务规划中诸如决策一致性策略和一致性算法等必须考虑的问题及其面临的挑战;最后,探讨了多智能体协同任务分配问题分布式和集中式的求解算法。 相似文献
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针对分布式多无人机系统执行任务时发生故障的情况,提出一种面向故障的任务重规划方法.首先,依据分布式架构,考虑通信延迟约束,建立多无人机系统遭遇故障时的局部任务重规划问题模型,设计故障无人机、健康无人机的重规划框架.依此框架,考虑无人机调度时所需的空间、时间资源,根据故障后的无人机通信拓扑,制定子系统划分规则;然后,根据子系统内在线无人机与待执行任务间的映射关系,提出基于收益动态调整规则和一致性协调规则的拍卖算法,实现针对不同情况的任务重分配;最后,考虑任务重分配与航迹重规划间的耦合关系,在任务重分配阶段引入RRT*算法预估的航迹代价,使得分配结果更合理.仿真结果表明,在考虑实际环境中无人机会发生故障的情况,该方法能够有效完成任务重规划. 相似文献
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针对多无人机(UAV)协同航迹规划中因编队队形约束而忽略部分较窄通道的问题,提出了一种基于自适应分布式模型预测控制的快速粒子群优化(ADMPC-FPSO)方法。该方法利用领航跟随法和虚拟结构法相结合的编队策略构造出虚拟编队引导点,以完成自适应编队协同控制任务。根据模型预测控制的思想,结合分布式控制方法,将协同航迹规划转化为滚动在线优化问题,且以最小距离等性能指标为代价函数。通过设计评价函数准则,使用变权重快速粒子群优化算法对问题进行求解。仿真结果表明,通过所提算法能够有效实现多无人机协同航迹规划,并可根据环境变化快速完成自适应编队变换,同时较传统编队策略代价更低。 相似文献
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一种基于分布式强化学习的多智能体协调方法 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
多智能体系统研究的重点在于使功能独立的智能体通过协商、协调和协作,完成复杂的控制任务或解决复杂的问题。通过对分布式强化学习算法的研究和分析,提出了一种多智能体协调方法,协调级将复杂的系统任务进行分解,协调智能体利用中央强化学习进行子任务的分配,行为级中的任务智能体接受各自的子任务,利用独立强化学习分别选择有效的行为,协作完成系统任务。通过在Robot Soccer仿真比赛中的应用和实验,说明了基于分布式强化学习的多智能体协调方法的效果优于传统的强化学习。 相似文献
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任务分配是群智协同计算和众包中的核心问题之一,即通过设计合理的任务分配策略,在满足任务约束条件下,将群智任务分配给合适的工作者,以提高群智任务的完成效率和结果质量。分析了目前任务分配方法存在的问题,总结并提出了一个通用的任务分配框架,并分别从工作者模型、任务模型、任务分配算法三个方面对国内外相关研究工作进行了分析、归纳和总结。提出了群智协同任务分配研究中的关键问题与今后的研究趋势。 相似文献
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Alison Parkes 《Behaviour & Information Technology》2017,36(2):165-177
This research explores reliance behaviours of decision-makers using a decision aid. Objective and subjective task characteristics in the form of task complexity and task difficulty, respectively, are examined, along with the effect of the individual characteristic of expertise. A total of 130 subjects (65 novices and 65 experienced practitioners) completed a lab experiment using a decision aid (Insolve-DG) to help them make decisions for two insolvency tasks with differing levels of complexity. The research finds that the objective task characteristic (task complexity) and individual characteristic (expertise) both affect reliance behaviours; however, their effects are fully mediated by the subjective task characteristic (task difficulty). Expertise and task complexity are both associated with the degree of task difficulty experienced by an individual user: increasing task complexity increases task difficulty, and increasing expertise reduces task difficulty. Task difficulty and task complexity are established as different constructs; and importantly it is task difficulty, not task complexity, that ultimately affects reliance. 相似文献
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Beifang Bao Yu Yang Qian Chen Aijun Liu Jiali Zhao 《Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing》2016,27(5):1097-1110
Task allocation is one of the most important activities in the process of collaborative customized product development. At present, how to allocate the collaborative development tasks scientifically and rationally becomes one of the hot research issues in the field of product development. Although many scholars in academia has made a significant contribution to the problem of task allocation and achieved many useful results, the research work of collaborative development task allocation for product customization is still lacking. Therefore, in view of the insufficient consideration on task fitness and task coordination for task allocation in collaborative customized product development at present, research work in this paper is conducted based on the analysis of collaborative customized product development process and task allocation strategy. The definition and calculation formula of task fitness and task coordination efficiency are given firstly, then the multi-objective optimization model of product customization task allocation is constructed and the solving method based on the model of double-population adaptive genetic algorithm is proposed. Finally, the feasibility and the effectiveness of task allocation algorithm are tested and verified by the example of a 5MW wind turbine product development project. 相似文献
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在明确装备维修任务调度需求及意义的基础上,分析了装备维修任务调度理论及策略的研究现状。在维修任务调度理论方面,根据调度的特点对抢占调度与非抢占调度、静态调度与动态调度进行了阐述;在维修任务调度策略方面,根据调度目标及调度特点对时钟驱动调度策略、优先级调度策略以及其他调度策略进行了阐述。在分析研究现状的基础上,提出应对装备维修任务抢占调度及混合调度策略等方面加强研究。 相似文献
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Wei Huang Raman K.S. Kwok-Kee Wei 《IEEE transactions on systems, man, and cybernetics. Part A, Systems and humans : a publication of the IEEE Systems, Man, and Cybernetics Society》1997,27(5):578-587
This paper reports the findings of an empirical research on the effect of group support system (GSS) and task type on social influences in small groups. It examines the task type with an intellective task and a preference task, and analyzes social influences in terms of informational and normative influence. The main findings are: (1) informational influence dominated in intellective task groups whereas normative influence dominated in preference task groups; and (2) a GSS amplified informational influence in intellective task groups and attenuated normative influence in preference task groups. The paper suggests further research using varying levels of GSS support and different task types to gain a deeper understanding of the impact of GSS and task type on social influences in small groups 相似文献
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《International journal of man-machine studies》1983,18(5):441-465
This article presents an analysis of the task facing people, who have to read text from VDUs. Psychological research related to different aspects of this task is reviewed. First, situational factors are considered. It is suggested that the VDU situation may lead to fatigue and stress, which may decrease performance. Then a task analysis is performed, where potential difficulties and advantages of the VDU presentation are pointed out. Psychological investigations of text processing are then reviewed, with particular consideration of research methodology and text processing theory. Finally, some conclusions for planning research in this area are presented. 相似文献
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随着应用程序计算需求的快速增长,异构计算资源不断地增多,任务调度成为云计算领域中重要的研究问题。任务调度负责将用户任务匹配给合适的虚拟计算资源,算法的优劣将直接影响响应时间、最大完工时间、能耗、成本、资源利用率等一系列与用户和云服务供应商经济利益密切相关的性能指标大小。针对独立任务和科学工作流这两类云环境主流任务,结合不同云环境特征对任务调度算法研究进展进行综述和讨论。回顾梳理已有的任务调度类型、调度机制及其优缺点;归纳单云环境和混合云、多云及联盟云等跨云环境下任务调度特征,并对部分相关典型文献的使用方法、优化目标、优缺点等方面进行阐述,在此基础上讨论各个环境下任务调度研究现状;进一步对各类环境下文献使用的调度优化方法进行梳理,明确其使用范围;总结并指出需要对计算数据密集型应用在跨云环境下的任务调度研究进行重点关注。 相似文献
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《Ergonomics》2012,55(10):1266-1277
Workers in physically demanding occupations (PDOs) are frequently subjected to physical selection tests. To avoid legal ramifications, workplaces must be able to show that any personnel selection procedures reflect the inherent requirements of the job. A job task analysis (JTA) is fundamental in determining the work tasks required for employees. To date, there are no published instructions guiding PDO researchers on how to conduct job task analyses. Job task analysis research for non-PDOs offers some insight into the expected reliability and validity of data obtained on the most prevalent task domains in job analysis (importance, frequency, time spent and difficulty). This review critiques such research, and the existing published material on JTA of PDOs, and provides recommendations for future research and practice. Practitioner Summary: There are no published guidelines for physically demanding occupation (PDO) researchers conducting job task analysis (JTA). Given the legal consequences of improperly conducted JTA, scientifically valid instructions for JTA practitioners are required. This review critiques existing research which analyses reliabilities of JTA data, and provides guidelines for PDO researchers conducting JTA. 相似文献