Antioxidant activities of aged oat vinegar in vitro and in mouse serum and liver

BACKGROUND: The present study focused on the antioxidant activities of aged oat (Avena sativa L.) vinegar. The antioxidant activities of oat and vinegar have been proved by many previous research studies. It should be noted that oat vinegar, as a novel seasoning, has antioxidant activity. RESULTS: Oat vinegar showed stronger radical scavenging activities, reducing power, and inhibition of lipid peroxidation than rice vinegar. The concentrations of polyphenols and flavonoids in oat vinegar were higher than those in rice vinegar. Ethyl acetate extract of oat vinegar possessed the most varieties of phenolic acids and showed the strongest antioxidant activity compared with ethanol and water extracts. At suitable doses of oat vinegar, the malondialdehyde value was decreased, activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase were promoted, and hepatic damage induced by ⁶⁰Co γ‐irradiation was ameliorated in aging mice. CONCLUSION: Oat vinegar manifested antioxidant activity which was stronger than that of rice vinegar in vitro and the same as that of vitamin E in vivo. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry     

败酱草提取物体内抗氧化活性研究

目的:研究败酱草提取物对小鼠体内抗氧化作用。方法:采用颈肩部皮下注射D-半乳糖生理盐水无菌溶液制造衰老模型,在正常饲料中分别加入不同含量败酱草提取物,做成低、中、高和最高四个剂量组。8周后摘眼球取血及脱臼处死、组织取样,用试剂盒测定小鼠血清、肝脏、脑组织中MDA含量、SOD、GSH-PX活性及血清、肝脏中CAT活性。结果:败酱草提取物可显著降低血清及组织MDA含量,提高SOD、GSH-PX和CAT活力。结论:败酱草提取物具有显著的体内抗氧化活性。      

酶法制备鸡血抗氧化肽及其抗氧化活性

为了评估鸡血用于膳食铁补充剂的潜力,本文以鸡血和氯化亚铁为原料制备了鸡血球肽螯合铁,采用扫描电镜及差示扫描量热对其结构进行表征,分析了其在不同温度（30~80 ℃）及pH（2~9）下的稳定性,并对其体外稳定性进行了探讨。结果表明鸡血球肽和铁结合生成一种新的肽铁螯合物。该螯合物具有良好的热稳定性（铁保留率73.76%以上）并耐酸碱。经体外模拟消化发现,鸡血球肽螯合铁的消化稳定性（铁保留率为86.01%）优于硫酸亚铁和葡萄糖酸亚铁。此外,在1%植酸、1%草酸和8%膳食纤维这三种膳食因素的影响下,鸡血球肽螯合铁显示出比硫酸亚铁和葡萄糖酸亚铁更好的生物可及性。     

Effect of ultrasonic pretreatment on the antioxidant properties of porcine liver protein hydrolysates

In this study, the effect of ultrasonic pretreatment on the antioxidant activity of porcine liver protein hydrolysates (PLPHs) was investigated. The results showed that the degree of hydrolysis (DH) and peptide contents of the PLPHs increased as the time of ultrasonication increased. The hydrolysate pretreated with ultrasonication for 60 s exhibited the highest DH and peptide contents. The hydrolysate pretreated with ultrasonication for 45 s exhibited the highest ferrous ion chelating ability and reducing power. The hydrolysate pretreated with ultrasonication for 30 s exhibited the highest 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity and the higher inhibitory activity in the linoleic acid autoxidation system. The molecular weight of peptides in the hydrolysates was less than 6.2 kDa. The results clearly demonstrated that ultrasonic pretreatment enhances the antioxidant activities of the PLPHs in a short period of time (15–30 s).     

银鲳酶解物抗氧化活性研究

选用胃蛋白酶、胰蛋白酶、碱性蛋白酶和中性蛋白酶对银鲳蛋白进行酶解以制备蛋白酶解物,以羟基自由基清除活性为指标确定银鲳最佳水解酶。结果显示,碱性蛋白酶的水解物抗氧化活性最强。实验对碱性蛋白酶水解银鲳的酶解条件(时间、温度、pH、酶添加量和固液比)进行正交实验设计,并对最佳水解条件下所获得的酶解物进行抗氧化活性测试。结果表明,银鲳蛋白碱性蛋白酶水解物对DPPH自由基和羟基自由基具有清除作用,其自由基清除效果呈现剂量依赖性,而且银鲳蛋白水解物还具有明显还原能力。所有这些体外抗氧化数据说明,银鲳蛋白水解物有明显的抗氧化效力。     

体外模拟消化对酸枣仁蛋白酶解产物抗氧化活性的影响

目的:以具有良好抗氧化活性的酸枣仁蛋白酶解产物(SZPHs)为研究对象,探究体外模拟胃肠消化对其氨基酸组成及抗氧化活性的影响.方法:通过体外模拟胃肠消化,得到酸枣仁蛋白酶解产物消化物(SZPHs-GD),并分析SZPHs消化前后的氨基酸组成以及体外抗氧化活性.结果:体外模拟胃肠消化后,SZPHs-GD中疏水性氨基酸含量...     

Improving antioxidant activities of whey protein hydrolysates obtained by thermal preheat treatment of pepsin,trypsin, alcalase and flavourzyme

Antioxidant activity of whey protein concentrate (WPC) hydrolysates was evaluated. Hydrolysates were obtained by pepsin, trypsin, alcalase and flavourzyme enzymatic reaction and preheat treatment of 95 °C for 5 or 10 min. The degree of hydrolysis (DH) was determined by 2,4,6‐trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid method, and antioxidant properties were determined by three spectrophotometric methods: ferricyanide method, ferric reducing/antioxidant power assay and diphenyl‐picryl hydrazinyl radical‐scavenging activity. For all the enzymes, briefly preheat treatment (95 °C/5 min) increased DH of WPC. Alcalase hydrolysates showed the highest antioxidant activity by three methods. The changes in antioxidant activity was coincidental with the changes in DH (R² = 0.988). Hydrolysates analysed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and high performance liquid chromatography indicated that the α‐La was hydrolysed completely by pepsin, trypsin and alcalase and was resistant to flavourzyme to some extent; β‐lactoglobulin was only completely hydrolysed by trypsin and alcalase. Results indicated that antioxidant activity of hydrolysates was greatly related to the exposure of amino acid residues.     

泡桐花多糖的体内外抗氧化活性

以泡桐花为原料水提醇沉法制备多糖,测定泡桐花多糖的体外、体内抗氧化活性.体外抗氧化测定结果显示,泡桐花多糖对超氧阴离子、羟基自由基清除以及抑制H2O2溶血有较好的效果,呈剂量依赖性:质量浓度0.5mg/mL时,对超氧阴离子和羟基自由基清除率分别达到54.36％,74.62％,超过半数效应50％;质量浓度2mg/mL时,...     

Antioxidant and chelating activity of Jatropha curcas L. protein hydrolysates

BACKGROUND: Antioxidant and chelating activities were determined in protein hydrolysates that were produced by treating a protein isolate of a non‐toxic genotype of Jatropha curcas with the protease preparation alcalase. RESULTS: 50 min protein hydrolysate with a degree of hydrolysis of 31.7% showed highest antioxidant and chelating activity. These activities were also determined in six peptidic fractions that were separated by gel filtration chromatography of the 50 min hydrolysate. The lower‐molecular‐weight peptidic fractions had the highest antioxidant and chelating activities, which correlated with a higher content in antioxidant and chelating amino acids such as tyrosine and histidine. CONCLUSION: Results show that J. curcas represents a good source of bioactive peptides. This may be important for the revalorization of defatted J. curcas flour, a by‐product resulting form oil extraction for biodiesel production. This is especially important in Third World and developing countries such as Mexico. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry     

羊肝蛋白酶解条件优化及酶解产物抗氧化活性研究

为优化羊肝蛋白酶解工艺条件及探讨其体外抗氧化活性,以水解度为评价指标,采用碱性蛋白酶酶解羊肝,在单因素试验基础上,通过响应面法优化羊肝蛋白的酶解工艺条件。结果表明,羊肝蛋白最佳酶解条件为酶解温度51 ℃、pH 8.5、酶解时间4.1 h、加酶量0.40%。在此条件下,进行3次验证试验,测得羊肝酶解液实际水解度为（40.31±0.24）%。体外抗氧化试验结果表明,羊肝酶解产物具有一定的抗氧化活性,其清除羟自由基（·OH）、超氧阴离子自由基（O2-·）和DPPH自由基的IC50值分别为17.01 mg/mL、13.21 mg/mL和10.42 mg/mL,并具有一定的还原能力。     

桃胶多糖体内外抗氧化作用的研究

为了研究桃胶多糖体内外抗氧化的作用,实验采用体外测定桃胶多糖对1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼自由基(DPPH·)、2,2'-联氮-二(3-乙基-苯并噻唑-6-磺酸)二铵盐阳离子自由基(ABTS⁺·)、羟基自由基(·OH)和超氧阴离子(O₂^-·)等的清除率及对铁的还原能力,体内通过建立D-半乳糖小鼠氧化损伤模型,给予不同剂量(2、4、6 g/kg)桃胶多糖灌胃,测定血清及肝脏中丙二醛(MDA)含量及总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性。结果显示,桃胶多糖体外对DPPH·、ABTS⁺·、·OH和O₂^-·的半数抑制浓度(IC₅₀)分别为6.95、0.56、1.10、0.11 mg/mL,且对铁还原力随着浓度(0.02~0.14 mg/mL)的升高而增大;在体内实验中,与模型组相比,连续服用不同剂量(2、4、6 g/kg)的桃胶多糖能够显著或极显著降低小鼠血清及肝脏中MDA含量、提高T-AOC能力、增强SOD及GSH-Px的活性(P<0.05或P<0.01),同时剂量间存在一定的量效关系。研究结果表明桃胶多糖具有良好的体内外抗氧化活性,可进一步申报成为新型的食品资源,应用于制药与食品工业中抗氧化、抗衰老、降血糖等保健产品的开发。     

芦苇叶黄酮类提取物体内体外抗氧化性研究

研究醇提芦苇叶黄酮类提取物的体内体外抗氧化性。通过测定芦苇叶黄酮类提取物对体外大鼠肝组织匀浆、肝线粒体丙二醛（malondialdehyde,MDA）生成量及大鼠红细胞溶血的影响。结果表明：芦苇叶黄酮类提取物在0.5～10 mg/mL范围内能抑制大鼠肝组织匀浆及肝线粒体MDA的生成,抑制大鼠红细胞溶血,具有量效关系,表明芦苇叶黄酮类提取物具有体外抗氧化效果。随着剂量的增加,芦苇叶黄酮类提取物可提高S180荷瘤小鼠血清中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（glutathione peroxidase,GSH-Px）和超氧化物歧化酶（superoxide dismutase,SOD）活性,降低MDA含量,从而提高其体内抗氧化活性,当剂量达到300 mg/（kg·d）时,芦苇叶黄酮类提取物与10 mL/（kg·d）的氟尿嘧啶均可促进荷瘤小鼠体内抗氧化能力的提高,且二者间没有显著性差异。     

罗非鱼肉蛋白酶解液的制备及体内外抗氧化活性研究

采用木瓜蛋白酶酶解罗非鱼肉蛋白,通过测定不同剂量罗非鱼肉蛋白酶解液的还原力,1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼（1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-（2,4,6-trinitrophenyl）hydrazyl,DPPH）自由基、·OH和O2－·清除率及对D-半乳糖致衰老模型小鼠的抗氧化作用,评价罗非鱼肉蛋白酶解液的体内外抗氧化特性。结果表明：罗非鱼肉蛋白酶解液具有较高的还原力,清除DPPH自由基、·OH和O2－·的半数有效质量浓度分别为1.57、1.68 mg/mL和2.76 mg/mL;罗非鱼肉蛋白酶解液能显著提高小鼠血清和肝脏组织中超氧化物歧化酶活力、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活力和总抗氧化能力（P＜0.05）,同时使血清和肝脏组织中的丙二醛含量显著降低（P＜0.05）。罗非鱼肉蛋白酶解液有较强的体内外抗氧化活性。     

发酵麸皮水提物体内外抗氧化及心脏保护活性研究

为评价发酵麸皮水提物(fermented wheat bran water extract,FWBE)的生物活性,通过测定FWBE的1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl,DPPH)自由基和羟基自由基(·OH)清除率、还原力,评估其体外抗氧化活性.通过以2,2-偶氮二...     

鸡肉蛋白酶解物对乳酸菌增殖作用研究

利用中性蛋白酶和碱性蛋白酶水解鸡肉蛋白,研究水解物对乳酸菌增殖作用的影响。将不同酶解时间(2、4、6h)的酶解物以1%、2%、3%的添加量添加到四种乳酸菌(嗜热链球菌、保加利亚乳杆菌、嗜酸乳杆菌、干酪乳杆菌)的MRS液体培养基中,37℃恒温培养72h后,通过测定OD622值比较得出对乳酸菌的增殖效果。结果表明,两种蛋白酶解物对四种乳酸菌的增殖作用均有影响,相同酶解时间下,中性蛋白酶和碱性蛋白酶的添加量为3%时,对乳酸菌增殖作用最强;在相同酶添加量下,酶解6h,对乳酸菌增殖作用最强。      

玉米醇溶蛋白抗氧化肽耐消化性研究

主要研究了玉米蛋白水解物的抗氧化性和耐消化性。通过（胃蛋白酶1h,胰蛋白酶2h）两阶段消化实验,探讨了抗氧化玉米水解物的耐消化性,以ABTS+.自由基清除能力和Cu2+螯合能力为抗氧化指标,并利用高效凝胶排阻色谱（HPSEC）来测定消化产物的分子量分布。研究表明,分子量小于500Da的产物几乎占总消化产物的70%,经过胃蛋白酶消化,ABTS+.自由基清除能力下降了近20%（P<0.05）,但在随后的胰蛋白酶消化过程中活性逐步提高,最后完全恢复;Cu2+螯合能力具有与ABTS+.自由基清除能力相似的变化趋势。虽然玉米水解产物的抗氧化性随着阶段性消化而发生改变,但仍然可以作为一种较好的自由基稳定剂、金属螯合剂和人体健康促进剂应用于食品体系。      

The nutritional and antinutritional attributes of sword bean [Canavalia gladiata (Jacq.) DC.]: an under-utilized tribal pulse from south India

Six accessions [three with maroon‐coloured seed coat and three with white‐coloured seed coat) of sword bean (Canavalia gladiata (Jacq.) DC.], were collected from six different locations in south India. They were analysed for their proximate and mineral composition, amino acid profiles of total seed proteins, in vitro protein digestibility (IVPD) and certain antinutritional factors. The essential amino acid profile of total seed proteins compared favourably with FAO/WHO requirements, except that there were deficiencies of sulphur containing amino acids in all the six accessions and also the leucine, lysine and tryptophan contents were low in maroon‐coloured seed coat accessions. The IVPD of the accessions ranged from 63.39 to 76.92%. Antinutritional substances like total free phenolics, tannins, l ‐DOPA (3,4‐dihydroxyphenylalanine), trypsin inhibitor activity and phytohaemagglutinating activity were also investigated. The antinutritional factors that were detected were thought to have little nutritional significance if the beans are properly processed.