一个基于知识的航空影像目标自动识别算法

针对航空影像中复杂背景下目标的自动提取与识别这一难题，提出一种智能型目标识别算法。该算法包括图象分割，不变性参数提取和目标分类，利用一种基于知识的多特征融合和小波理论的多分辨率分析分割和提取图象目标，被提取的每个图象目标的不变性参数由改进的ＢＰ模型将图象目标分类，实验结果表明该识别虎法依据一定的先验知识，辅以人工智能的手段对复杂背景下的目标进行提取，复合，识别处理，从而到较为准确地识别出目标的最终     

FCM算法在图像目标提取中的应用

针对相对复杂图像目标对象的提取问题,本文先运用模糊C均值聚类算法(FCM)对图像进行模糊分割。再根据模糊分类后的图像,本文设计了一种图像目标提取方法。实验表明,这种方法能还原模糊分类后的图像目标,并使背景部分替换成其他颜色,从而实现图像目标的提取。     

结合Kalman 滤波器的SIFT目标跟踪算法

针对目标图像跟踪过程中提取待匹配图像较大的特征向量时,很难满足准确性和快速性要求,提出了结合卡尔曼滤波的SIFT目标跟踪算法。算法利用Kalman滤波器对动态目标在下一帧图像中可能出现的位置,在自适应窗口中识别动态目标。实验证明,该算法可以缩短了待匹配图像的SIFT特征点提取时间,提高了目标跟踪的效率。     

彩色遥感图像目标提取方法研究

目标提取是对遥感图像进行分析处理的一个重要内容。针对彩色遥感图像的特征,首先采用了传统的边缘检测方法,验证其存在的不足。进而运用模糊聚类分析的模糊C-均值算法,选择适当的正交彩色特征,实现了对图像中目标区域的有效分割与快速提取,为遥感图像识别与计算提供了可靠的基础。研究实例表明了算法的有效性。     

基于聚类分析和Adaboost算法的绝缘子串识别

绝缘子串作为输电线路中最重要的基础设施之一,对其准确识别是实现运行状态监测与故障诊断的重要前提.为了提高绝缘子串识别的准确率,提出一种基于平聚类分析和Adaboost的绝缘子串识别方法.首先,利用LSD线段检测提取图像中的线段;然后,统计所有线段的长度、方向及中心点位置,通过聚类分析检测平行线段,初步确定绝缘子串区域;最后,提取初定位区域的不变矩特征,运用训练的Adaboost分类器进行进一步识别.实验中,绝缘子串在平均耗时0.23s的基础下识别准确率达到91.5％.结果表明,所提方法具有较好的识别准确率和快速性.     

蚁群算法在文字识别中的应用研究

在文字识别研究中,由于文字的很多组成部分存在相似性,为文字识别带来了很大的难度,许多系统研究还不能很好地将文字快速、准确地识别出来。针对现如今人们对高质量、高效率的追求,笔者利用蚁群算法提出了基于蚁群算法的文字识别创新研究,旨在将平常的文字录入变得更加快捷、更准确。研究结果表明,利用蚁群算法的聚类能力对文字识别行之有效,能让蚁群算法更广泛地应用在生活中。     

一种新的步态图像序列分割算法

在运动目标步态识别中,从步态图像序列中提取出完整的人体运动轮廓对特征提取、目标分类和目标识别等有着非常重要的意义。提出了一种新的运动目标分割算法：首先应用改进的块匹配算法进行运动估计;然后运用分水岭算法把当前帧图像分割成许多封闭而不重叠的小区域;最后运用仿射参数模型进行运动块区域合并。在CMU步态数据库中采用基准算法进行的实验表明,运用所提出的算法能够提取出完整的人体轮廓,进一步提高步态识别的识别率。     

基于嵌入式系统的移动机器人目标识别方法

基于S3C2410嵌入式系统平台,提出一种高效实用的目标识别方法,把视觉辨识应用于移动机器人的目标识别中。从目标识别的流程上,首先采用一种全整数运算的RGBHSV颜色转换空间模型;然后以HSV颜色空间中H值为主,S值为辅的方式对图像进行二值化处理;接着采用一种快速的行扫描标记聚类算法找到二值化图像中的目标物体存在的连通区域。从而从颜色和形状上识别目标物体。经实验证明,谊方法在移动机器人运动场合中能较好的完成对目标物体的识别,实用性强。     

小波分析和神经网络在水下目标识别中的研究

研究水下目标识别问题.由于环境因素的影响,采集到的水下目标回波信号中含有大量噪声且信号频率范围大,传统方法不能有效提取信号特征导致水下目标识别率低.为了提高水下目标识别的准确率,提出一种基于小波分析和BP神经网络组合的水下目标识别方法(W-BPNN).采用小波对水下目标回波信号进行去噪处理,滤除噪声信号.通过小波包对信号的特征进行提取,提取出最能反映目标本质性质的特征向量,对提取的特征向量作为BP神经网络的输入进行识别.为了验证W-BPNN算法有效性,在Matlab平台上对3类水下目标进行了仿真.结果表明,相对于传统识别算法,W-BPNN获得了更高的识别准确率,证明是有效的水下目标识别方法.     

基于区域的多类目标识别与分割算法研究

为了实现复杂自然场景中多类目标的识别与分割,利用条件随机场(CRF)对目标特征进行建模,并在此基础上运用过分割算法将图片分为有限个连续区域,提出一种新的基于区域的CRF模型,即R-CRF模型,并采用Joint-boost算法对标注样本进行训练,研究基于主题的R-CRF模型在多类目标识别与分割中的应用。MSRC-21类数据库的实验结果表明,该算法在多类目标识别与分割中取得的结果优于国内外其他算法,尤其对于其他算法中正确率很低的形状多变而样本少的高结构物体的识别和分割取得了很好的结果。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。