基于维修的DFA/D系统设计

 DFX 是实现产品并行设计的重要工具，考虑到产品维修活动中的拆卸与装配问题，指出研究面向维修的DFA／D)的必要性．在借鉴传统DFA，DFD研究的基础上，阐明面向维修的DFA／D的结构设计及其关键技术，初步证明了面向维修的DFA／D作为设计工具实现维修性并行设计具有现实可行性．     

Quality Function Deployment Implementation in Construction: A Systematic Literature Review

The construction of new buildings represents a significant investment. The goal of new building construction is to maximize value and minimize cost while staying on time and within budget. Translating customer requirements into engineering terms for new construction design is vital for a construction project to be successful. Quality function deployment has been successfully used in product development to capture the voice of the customer and translate it into engineering characteristics. Quality function deployment then carries these parameters into production and service to ensure the voice of the customer is being met with the final product. The house of quality, a tool within quality function deployment, can provide a means for comparison of owner’s project requirements and the proposed design, along with identifying how the design decisions impact meeting customer requirements and green building requirements. Quality function deployment can effectively link the project phases through design and construction and into operations and maintenance to ensure the owner’s project requirements are met with the final building. This research identifies and categorizes studies of quality function deployment applications in construction. The research method used is a systematic literature review from databases related to quality function deployment in the construction industry published in the periodicals through 2016. The principal findings of implementations, practices, and integrated approaches are then summarized. This article intends to propel further research of quality function deployment in the construction sector.     

变速箱结构设计专家系统技术的研究

结构设计是机械产品设计过程中的重要环节，解决结构设计的智能化不但可以缩短产品的设计周期，而且还可以降低成本，提高设计质量。专家系统是解决智能化设计的技术之一。本文讨论有关结构专家系统的几个关键技术，主要包括系统的控制策略，面积对象的知识表达方式及结构设计的并行设计     

Improving Product Design Using Quality Function Deployment: The School Furniture Case in Developing Countries

This paper presents a quality function deployment (QFD) analysis of the design of school furniture in developing countries, using Costa Rica as the baseline. The dynamic hierarchy process model for QFD was used to help the product development team make effective decisions in satisfying the requirements of the customer constrained by limited resources. A number of total quality management (TQM) tools were employed during the development of the school furniture solution. A dynamic, cross-functional team organization was used. A simple form of quality function deployment was used to identify the desirable product design, safety, and service features.     

三维实体设计与并行工程

三维实体设计技术为企业实现基于并行工程的产品设计和改型提供了强有力的技术支持。笔者介绍了并行工程的概念,以及基于并行工程的产品设计方法的特点,分析了传统产品设计与并行设计流程的差别。在此基础上,指出了三维实体设计对实现并行、一体化设计和集成化协同工作的支持,并用实例说明了这种方法在汽车覆盖件模具设计开发中的应用。     

Destructive disassembly to support virtual prototyping

The design paradigm called virtual prototyping (VP) is important because of the need to manufacture products in a short period of time and in a cost effective manner. By replacing the building of physical prototypes for testing various design issues such as usability, life-cycle analysis, functionality and so on with so called “virtual models” on a computer and analyzing them, virtual prototyping is achieved. One of the design issues that has become increasingly important is the “design-for-disassembly (DFD)” paradigm. A well designed product that is easy to disassemble has the obvious advantages when it needs to be taken apart for service or end-of-life recycling. Therefore a design tool that can tie the DFD issues into a virtual prototyping system is of considerable interest. This paper attempts to address this particular issue in the virtual prototyping area: DFD as applied to VP. This paper presents an overview of a detailed DFD method. An algorithm that can be readily tied into a computer aided design system, therefore also useful for virtual prototyping, is discussed. Some implementation issues and an evaluation of the effectiveness of the DFD method currently employed are explained. Even though this research is still in its early stages, the paper presents a general framework of DFD methodology and its potential to be used as a virtual prototyping tool.     

现代设计技术的最新进展─—“现代制造技术”系列之二

论述了现代设计技术的最新进展中最具代表性的三个方面，即并行设计、绿色产品设计和智能设计技术。围绕着设计现念和方法的彻底转变与更新，按照设计模式、设计观念和设计自动化等三个方面对以上研究领域的研究动态即发展方向进行了综述，并指出：并行、绿色与智能将是未来设计系统的主要特征。     

The Virtual Integrated Design Method

Quality function deployment proposes to take into account the “voice of the customer,” through a list of customer needs, which are (qualitatively) mapped to technical requirements in House One. But customers do not perceive products in this space and do not make purchase decisions in this space. Marketing specialists use statistical models to map between a simpler space of customer perceptions and the long and detailed list of needs. For automobiles, for example, the main axes in perceptual space might be categories such as luxury, performance, sport, and utility. A product's position on these few axes determines the detailed customer requirements consistent with the automobile's position such as interior volume, gauges and accessories, seating type, fuel economy, door height, horsepower, interior noise level, seating capacity, paint colors, trim, and so forth. Statistical models such as factor analysis and principal components analysis are used to describe the mapping between these spaces, which we call House Zero. Furthermore, utility functions used to determine market share are auxiliary functions that are often based in perceptual space. Conjoint analysis is often used to capture the product preference and potential market share. This research draws from the formal mapping concepts developed by Nam Suh and the qualitative maps of quality function deployment, to present unified information and mapping paradigm for concurrent product/process design. We call this approach the virtual integrated design method that is tested upon data from a business design problem.     

应用于智慧物流服务的无人驾驶车产品设计

目的 探讨在人工智能、大数据、万物互联网络等技术支撑条件之下的,应用于智慧物流场景的无人驾驶车产品设计方法.方法 在智慧物流技术架构的基础上构建以无人驾驶车驱动的智慧物流服务技术架构,分析无人驾驶车作为服务媒介和服务参与者构建的物流服务场景以及无人驾驶车的行为和目的,在此基础上进行无人驾驶车产品设计.结果 无人驾驶车产品设计的主要任务是功能设计和表征设计.通过视图模型构建无人驾驶车的功能、内容和通道逻辑关系模型,使用参数化产品设计方法进行无人驾驶车表征设计.结论 本研究为在其他服务场景中的无人驾驶车产品设计提供了设计理论和方法参考,启发以无人驾驶车为媒介的智能产品服务系统设计理论与实践研究.     

产品开发过程的并行机理及应用研究

对产品开发过程的并行机进行了讨论,系统地阐述了并行工程的４种特征,并进行了定性和定量分析,为实施并行工程提供了理论依据。在此基础上,设计并开发了并行设计系统。     

虚拟现实技术在产品改良设计中的应用

通过对在并行工程管理模式下的产品改良设计流程的分析和对虚拟现实技术的特征及虚拟现实系统的分析,可以将虚拟现实技术引入到以并行工程为管理模式的产品改良设计开发的整个流程中,使产品生产周期得到缩短,从而提高产品质量,降低生产成本.     

支持并行设计的产品数据管理系统的研究和开发

提出了支持并行设计的产品数据管理（PDM）系统的基本框架；着重分析了支持并行设计的产品数据管理的关键技术与实现方法，讨论了产品数据定义与管理、集成开发团队的人员组织模式、并行设计过程与工作流管理、设计版本的管理等关键技术，提出了通过构建内部高速局域网络来实现企业并行设计的产品数据管理系统的思想。     

Concurrent multifunction deployment (CMFD)

Quality Function Deployment (QFD) is a powerful tool for quality planning in product design. In the course of time, the QFD method has passed over several improvements and adaptations to meet specific requests of particular working environments. The current needs and challenges in developing radical innovative and life-cycle optimised products require a concurrent approach of product planning against a complex set of objective functions (e.g. quality, cost, assembly, manufacturing, environment, technology, service, disposal, etc.). An advanced form of QFD that integrates concepts of concurrent engineering for planning product development with respect to multi-objective functions is presented in this paper. This framework is called Concurrent Multifunction Deployment (CMFD). TRIZ method was initially exploited to determine the appropriate vectors of intervention in formulating the CMFD methodology. A systematic algorithm supports the CMFD deployment process. It takes into account results from the analysis, innovation and evaluation phases over the product design process, too, ensuring a superior integration of the planning activities within the product development process.     

集成AHP/QFD/AD的产品设计方法研究

目的针对以用户需求为驱动的产品设计模式,完善产品设计方法流程,更有效地理解用户需求,提高产品设计效率和质量。方法使用层次分析法确定用户需求权重,将用户需求及权重输入质量屋,对用户需求与设计需求的相关关系度进行量化评价,构建用户需求与设计需求相关关系矩阵,确定各项设计需求重要度,完成用户需求到设计需求的转化,以相对重要度较高的设计需求定义功能域,进行功能域与物理域之间的映射,利用独立性公理和信息公理进行设计参数分析和设计方案评价。结论构建了一种集成层次分析法、质量功能展开和公理化设计的产品设计方法,对用户需求权重进行了更准确的分析,完善了质量功能展开后续的方法流程,并以板栗采收机概念设计为例进行了应用验证,应用结果表明该方法能够有效地指导产品设计过程,提高产品设计效率和质量。     

Concurrent engineering approach in the development of composite products: A review

Concurrent Engineering (CE) is regarded as a systematic design approach which integrates concurrent design of product with the related processes which is able to accomplish product that can be produced at lower cost, shorter time and with higher quality and this achievement was termed as cost, time and quality (CTQ) improvement. Since its establishment, CE philosophy was well implemented in product development with traditional materials such as metals but up to date, the work on CE in composite product development is still limited. Hence, a review on the implementation of Concurrent Engineering (CE) approach in the development of composite products is presented in this paper which includes review of various studies of CE techniques in composite product development. In addition, the relationship between CE and Pugh total design method is discussed in the context of composite design. Moreover, publications related to materials selection, life cycle analysis and sustainability issues of composite materials are also reviewed whereby a section is devoted to highlight previous work on materials selection using Analytical Hierarchy Process method. It was observed that materials selection of composite materials is a very important activity as far as CE in composite product development. The use of various techniques and computer aided materials selection tools such as Analytical Hierarchy Process has helped designers to select the most optimum composite materials for engineering components. Furthermore, based on current trends in composites product development, the role of CE is expected to be more crucial to assist composites designers in achieving the design requirements from various stakeholders effectively and efficiently considering the expanding range of composite materials availability as well as realizing new potential for biocomposites applications through introduction of innovative alternative problem solving methods as part of the CE family.     

基于分布式产品模型并行设计过程评估方法

基于分布式设计问题概率模型、并行工程和计算机辅助设计软件工程的思想,研究了一种基于分布式设计环境下的服务于产品整个生命周期的集成化、智能化产品设计过程协同评估方法;目的是快速构造集成化产品设计过程评估模型,促进并入并行工程理念的协同设计活动顺利进行、提高产品设计质量和缩短产品研制周期的能力。给出了产品设计过程问题评估模型和分布式产品设计过程协同评估平台框架,并给出了应用实例。     

可穿戴产品适体设计的知识传递规律研究

目的 理清产品适体设计过程中身体形态知识的流动规律,探寻产品设计过程中知识流动的动力和阻力因素,形成适体设计理论和方法.方法 本研究在分析适体设计概念的基础上,按照设计阶段对设计知识流中的身体形态知识进行类型划分:领域知识、对象知识、过程知识和结果知识,剖析了在此过程中适配媒介、适配驱动和适配映射的作用机制.并通过虚拟现实眼镜面贴的设计实践进行运用,展现人体形态知识的获取、整合、分析以及构建拟合模型的能力.结论 对产品适体设计活动相关的身体形态知识类型及规律进行规范化描述,为人体工学从数据匮乏走向知识富集阶段后,实现人体形态知识驱动产品适体设计,以及合理规划、调配设计知识流,缩短设计周期,提升产品设计质量奠定基础.     

Simultaneous tolerance synthesis for manufacturing and quality

Tolerance allocation affects product design, manufacturing, and quality. No existing technique has been found by the authors that takes product design, manufacturing, and quality into account simultaneously. This paper introduces a new concurrent engineering method for tolerance allocation. A nonlinear optimization model was constructed to implement the method. The model minimizes the combination of quality loss and manufacturing cost simultaneously in a single objective function by setting both process tolerances and design tolerances simultaneously. The purpose of the model is to balance manufacturing cost and quality loss to achieve near-optimal design and process tolerances simultaneously for minimum combined manufacturing cost and quality loss over the life of the product. Compared to other models, this model shows significant improvements. Electronic Publication     

An Integrated Approach for Enhancing the Quality of the Product by Combining Robust Design and Customer Requirements

Enhancing the quality of the product has always been one considerable concern of production process management, and this subject gave way to implementing so many methods including robust design. In this paper, robust design utilizes response surface methodology (RSM) considering the mean and variance of the response variable regarding system design, parameter design, and tolerance design. In this paper, customer requirements and robust design are regarded simultaneously to achieve enriched quality. Subsequently, with a non‐linear programming, a novel method for integrating RSM and quality function deployment has been proposed to achieve robustness in design. The customer requirements are regarded in every stage of product development process meaning system design, parameter design and tolerance design. To validate the applicability of the proposed approach, it has been implemented in a real case of chemical industry. Research findings show that the proposed method is much better than other existing methods including MSE and dual response methods. According to this method, the resulted mean is better than MSE method, and more importantly, the variance of the process is approximately 14% and 10% lesser than dual response and MSE method. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A Methodology for Applying Quality Function Deployment to the Commissioning Process

Abstract

Commissioning is a quality process used within building construction to verify that the finished project meets the design, construction, and operation and maintenance requirements of the owner. In product development, quality function deployment captures the voice of the customer and translates it into engineering characteristics that are carried into production and service, assuring the final product meets this voice. This article presents a methodology for using a four-phase quality function deployment model within the commissioning process—building upon the foundation known as the house of quality. Practitioners are provided the steps to take this model through each of the phases of commissioning as a means of overseeing the entire design and construction quality process and assuring the final product delivers on all of the customer’s requirements.