浓缩风能型风力发电机迎风及限速自动控制系统

浓缩风能型风力发动机具有起动风速低、发电时间长、风能利用率高等优点，该文针对其特有的形体流场设计了一套以可编程控制器IP1612为主控单元的自动迎风及限速控制系统，并通过大量实验证明了此系统能够实现运转平稳，自动切入，准确对风等功能，并且高效节能。     

浓缩风能型风力发电机自动迎风控制系统

浓缩风能型风力发电机具有起动风速低,单机输出功率大,风能利用率高,度电成本低,安全性好等优点,文章针对其特有的形体流场设计了一套可以编程控制器IP612为主控单元的自动迎风控制系统,并能过大量实验此系统能够实现运转平稳,自动切入,准确对风等功能,并且高效节能。     

浓缩风能型风力发电机迎风自动控制系统

风力发电机的迎风控制对于保证其正常发电十分重要。根据浓缩风能型风力发电机的形体结构 ,设计了由风向标、PLC可编程控制器、小型直流继电器、直流减速电动机、蜗轮蜗杆减速机等组成的闭环控制系统。实验结果表明整个系统可在风向变化超过± 15°时自动迎风 ,达到了设计要求。在程序设计中考虑了电缆缠结及解缆 ,可以使风电场管理人员在较长的时期内不必检查电缆缠结情况 ,简化了风力发电机的维护过程。为浓缩风能型风力发电机组向中、大型并网发电机组发展奠定了基础     

风力双旋转发电机

当一切有机形态的高能量燃料源越来越枯竭的时候,全世界对非传统能源(可再生)的兴趣提高了。建造由风、河和小溪水冲动的无坝微型电站就是其中之一。研究表明,当风速为10—15米/秒、风轮直径10米时能保证输出10千瓦的发电功率,而当风轮直径为30米时可达1000千瓦。在罗马尼亚的试验场正在试验一种新颖的准备与国家电网并网运行的功率为100—300千瓦的风电联     

浓缩风能型风力发电机迎风调向MCU控制系统

浓缩风能型风力发电机具有起动风速低、发电时间长、风能利用率高等优点。根据浓缩风能型风力发电机的形体结构,设计了基于89C51单片机的迎风自动控制系统。整个系统可在风向变化超过-15～15°时自动迎风,达到了设计要求,为浓缩风能型风力发电机组向中、大型并网发电机组发展奠定了基础。     

丹再和风力发电机

简单回顾了丹麦开发风力发电机的历史，介绍了丹麦风国委电机的主要特性、国内安装情况和出口情况，评价了丹麦风力发电机的经济性和环境效益。列了了丹麦风力发电机的主要制造商和产品。     

双速异步风力发电机

双速异步风力发电机胡元德王义发陈宜林董甲瑞袁由于风速不稳定，风力发电机的转数不会稳定，导致风力发电的电压及频率都不稳定。为了稳定风力发电的电压及频率可以采取多种方法：（１）变速恒频法在齿轮箱和风力发电机之间加一个电磁滑差离合器，在风速及风轮机转速变...     

双馈风力发电机无速度传感器矢量控制

针对风力发电系统中的双馈电机提出一种转子感应电势定向矢量控制方法。通过调节双馈电机转子侧的瞬时有功电流和无功电流,实现对电机力矩和转子侧励磁电流的调节,进而实现双馈电机无功功率调节。在控制过程中只需检测交流侧电流电压,不需要位置传感器,所以可以应用无速度传感器。最终通过仿真试验证明该方法的正确性和实用性。     

Model of a synthetic wind speed time series generator

Wind energy has assumed a great relevance in the operation and planning of today's power systems due to the exponential increase of installations in the last 10 years. For this reason, many performed studies have looked at suitable representations of wind generation for power system analysis. One of the main elements to consider for this purpose is the model of the wind speed that is usually required as input. Wind speed measurements may represent a solution for this problem, but, for techniques such as sequential Monte Carlo simulation, they have to be long enough in order to describe a wide range of possible wind conditions. If these information are not available, synthetic wind speed time series may be a useful tool as well, but their generator must preserve statistical and stochastic features of the phenomenon. This paper deals with this issue: a generator for synthetic wind speed time series is described and some statistical issues (seasonal characteristics, autocorrelation functions, average values and distribution functions) are used for verification. The output of the model has been designed as input for sequential Monte Carlo simulation; however, it is expected that it can be used for other similar studies on wind generation. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Modelling and control of variable speed wind turbines for power system studies

Modern wind turbines are predominantly variable speed wind turbines with power electronic interface. Emphasis in this paper is therefore on the modelling and control issues of these wind turbine concepts and especially on their impact on the power system. The models and control are developed and implemented in the power system simulation tool DIgSILENT. Important issues like the fault ride‐through and grid support capabilities of these wind turbine concepts are addressed. The paper reveals that advanced control of variable speed wind turbines can improve power system stability. Finally, it will be shown in the paper that wind parks consisting of variable speed wind turbines can help nearby connected fixed speed wind turbines to ride‐through grid faults. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

汽车制动器惯性台架中冷却风速控制的新方法

汽车制动器惯性台架是目前测试制动器性能的主要试验设备。针对制动器惯性试验台架的风速控制不准确、信号干扰大等问题,结合实际情况,介绍一种采用串口通讯与数字PID相结合的控制方法,并论述具体实现方法。     

Operation and coordinated control of fixed and variable speed wind farms

This paper will describe the possibilities of coordinated control and management for different wind farm concepts to guarantee that operational set points of active and reactive power, specified by the Spanish transmission system operator (TSO), are reached. This coordinated control has been designed and implemented by a hierarchical and robust control structured from a central control level to each wind farm control board and finally to an individual wind turbine level. This article will demonstrate that both technologies, fixed and variable speed based wind farms can contribute to power and voltage control. In particular, this paper will deal with the use of under-load tap changing transformers in the point of common coupling of the wind farm with the grid, and the reactive power compensation by means of convectional mechanical switched capacitors enhancing the integration of the fixed speed wind farms in the power system.     

Combined constant speed control method for a wind generator equipped with hydraulic energy storage

A wind generator equipped with hydraulic energy storage (WG‐HES) uses hydraulic transmission systems instead of gearbox transmissions, thus eliminating high‐power converters and reducing the tower‐top cabin weight. When there is no wind or the wind speed is extremely low, the pressured oil released by accumulators is used to drive a motor to operate at a constant speed, thereby generating constant‐frequency power. However, few studies have examined the constant speed control characteristics for generating electricity using only an accumulator group. In this study, a combined constant speed (CCS) proportional–integral–derivative (PID) control method based on “variable displacement and throttling” is proposed, which includes two closed loops and one regulating loop. First, a simulation model of the CCS PID control method for a variable motor was established in the Simcenter Amesim program. The influence of different PID parameters on the anti‐interference ability of the constant speed control of the motor was analyzed under a given load step. Then, we obtained the range of control parameter values and a set of optimal values. Second, the effectiveness of the CCS control method and the accuracy of the simulation results were verified on a 600‐kW WG‐HES system prototype. The results verified that the CCS control method has good anti‐interference ability and can meet the requirements of constant speed control for a variable motor under the best PID parameters. These results can provide a basis for developing control strategies for WG‐HESs when there is no wind or at low wind speeds.     

A novel method for reliability and risk evaluation of wind energy conversion systems considering wind speed correlation

This paper investigates an analytical approach for the reliability modeling of doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) wind turbines. At present, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, wind speed and wind turbine generator outage have not been addressed simultaneously. In this paper, a novel methodology based on the Weibull- Markov method is proposed for evaluating the probabilistic reliability of the bulk electric power systems, including DFIG wind turbines, considering wind speed and wind turbine generator outage. The proposed model is presented in terms of appropriate wind speed modeling as well as capacity outage probability table (COPT), considering component failures of the wind turbine generators. Based on the proposed method, the COPT of the wind farm has been developed and utilized on the IEEE RBTS to estimate the well-known reliability and sensitive indices. The simulation results reveal the importance of inclusion of wind turbine generator outage as well as wind speed in the reliability assessment of the wind farms. Moreover, the proposed method reduces the complexity of using analytical methods and provides an accurate reliability model for the wind turbines. Furthermore, several case studies are considered to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in practical applications.     

基于混杂自动机的大型风力发电机组全程控制

风力发电系统是具有不确定性的复杂非线性系统,机组运行工况变化十分频繁。通过对风力发电机组的系统特性分析,发现风力发电系统呈现出混杂系统的典型特征。因此,基于混杂自动机理论建立了1.5 MW双馈型风电机组的混杂动态模型,并根据风力发电机组控制策略设计了能够在机组运行中实现全程自动化的混杂控制系统。仿真结果表明,基于混杂自动机的动态模型可以实现风电机组的全程模拟,所设计的混杂控制系统能够满足风电机组全程控制要求,证明了混杂系统理论应用于风力发电研究领域的有效性。     

风力发电机用飞轮储能智能控制系统研究

针对在风力发电机上具有广泛应用前景的飞轮储能技术,设计了储能系统的矢量控制器硬件电路及实验平台、电机控制系统的主电路和驱动电路、DSP主控板、电压及电流信号的采集系统等。基于矢量控制原理,进行了电机控制系统仿真研究。仿真结果表明,该系统能够精确地实现对电机速度的跟踪。在飞轮储能与风力发电模拟系统的试验中,为了验证控制系统的响应速度及稳态精度,利用交流电网对飞轮充电,有效地实现了飞轮与电机的耦合及飞轮能量的快速存储和释放。     

Transient and dynamic control of a variable speed wind turbine with synchronous generator

In this article, a controller for dynamic and transient control of a variable speed wind turbine with a full‐scale converter‐connected high‐speed synchronous generator is presented. First, the phenomenon of drive train oscillations in wind turbines with full‐scale converter‐connected generators is discussed. Based on this discussion, a controller is presented that dampens these oscillations without impacting on the power that the wind turbine injects into the grid. Since wind turbines are increasingly demanded to take over power system stabilizing and control tasks, the presented wind turbine design is further enhanced to support the grid in transient grid events. A controller is designed that allows the wind turbine to ride through transient grid faults. Since such faults often cause power system oscillations, another controller is added that enables the turbine to participate in the damping of such oscillations. It is concluded that the controllers presented keep the wind turbine stable under any operating conditions, and that they are capable of adding substantial damping to the power system. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.