共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 79 毫秒
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使用熔融悬浮结晶法分离提纯湿法磷酸,研究了全回流稳态操作条件下重力洗涤塔内磷酸的纯化过程,考察了原料质量分数、洗涤塔中搅拌转速等操作条件对塔中产品纯度、杂质质量分数沿塔高分布的影响,并用发汗提纯模型进行了拟合。研究结果表明:采用的悬浮结晶装置对湿法磷酸有良好的分离提纯效果;结晶器进料质量分数、洗涤塔搅拌速率对熔融液中杂质质量分数沿塔高的分布有很大影响,进料质量分数增加,则产品纯度增加,适度的搅拌有助于保证洗涤塔的纯化效率,而过高的搅拌速率对分离提纯效果影响不大。在结晶器H3PO4进料质量分数为84%—86%、洗涤塔搅拌速率为10—20 r/min范围内,产品磷酸纯度可达到食品添加剂的标准,发汗提纯模型能很好地描述稳态操作时塔内的杂质质量分数分布规律,在半对数坐标中,杂质质量分数沿塔高呈线性分布。 相似文献
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用熔融结晶法分离有机物 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
熔融结晶是一种分离精制有机物的物理方法。它不用溶剂,仅耗熔解热,设备简单、动力设备少。对易聚合、难精馏、高沸点有机化合物分离与精制具有独特功能。在国外化学工业上已广泛使用,包括萘、肼类、氯苯、硝基苯衍生物、丙烯酸、氯乙酸、甲酚类、脂肪酸等的分离与精制。 相似文献
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通过改变投料配比,改进结晶,提纯干燥等工艺过程,产品的收率由原来的70%提高到90%以上,生产周期缩短近半。产品的含量高达99.5%。 相似文献
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区域熔融提纯仪的研制和鉴定 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
设计并安装了一套区域熔融提纯仪,用苯甲酸和萘对仪器的提纯效果进行了鉴定。提纯后的试样经 DSC 检测,苯甲酸和萘的纯度分别由99.5%和99.3%提高到99.98%。 相似文献
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采用熔融结晶法对精馏塔处理过的硝基氯苯废料回收进行了研究。考察了指定进料组成下,降温速率、结晶终温、结晶时间等操作条件对对硝基氯苯(p-NCB)和间硝基氯苯(m-NCB)结晶过程的影响,以及对位结晶与间位结晶的差异。给出了2种典型进料组成的最优操作分离条件:进料质量分数w(p-NCB)=89.31%、w(m-NCB)=10.69%时,降温速率0.049 1℃/min、结晶时间480 min、结晶终温60℃;进料质量分数w(m-NCB)=76.03%、w(p-NCB)=23.97%时,降温速率0.015 8℃/min、结晶时间440 min、结晶终温27℃。实验表明,硝基氯苯间位结晶提纯比对位结晶提纯困难得多,采用实验中获得的最佳分离条件,w(p-NCB)≥90%的原料经单级结晶就可以得到纯度99%以上的产品,w(m-NCB)≥90%的原料通过二级结晶也可得到纯度99%以上的产品,而进料质量分数较低时经过多级结晶也能得到纯度99%以上的产品。 相似文献
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熔融结晶技术及其应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
介绍了熔融结晶技术的发展现状、原理、特点、装置、优势以及应用。认为熔融结晶技术不需溶剂、耗能小、设备简单,对难精馏、高沸点有机化舍物分离提纯有独特功能。但结晶过程的耦合传质、传热理论研究还不够透彻;应加强结晶器和结晶分离技术的研究,提高分离效率,从而加快熔融结晶精制技术的发展应用。满足工业新材料应用的需要。 相似文献
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《分离科学与技术》2012,47(5):1021-1033
Abstract Ice crystalline layers were prepared from a binary eutectic mixture of acetic acid and water using layer melt crystallization. The crystalline layers were obtained under the conditions of the cooling temperature at 269, 268, and 267 K, the feed compositions of 0.5, 1.0, and 5.0 wt% acetic acid, and the cooling rates of 0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 K/min. After crystallization, sweating operations were carried out for various crystalline layers obtained in crystallization. The effect of sweating on the impurity behavior inside crystalline layer was investigated. The crystalline layer formed in higher growth rate was purified more easily by sweating operations. Effective distribution coefficient in the sweating process was in the range of 0.2 to 0.01, which depended on the crystalline layers formed in crystallization process. Eventually, layer melt crystallization can be used for the treatment of acetic acid wastewater. 相似文献
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Bing Han Oluf Bckman Benjamin P. Wilson Mari Lundstrm Marjatta Louhi-Kultanen 《化学工程与技术》2019,42(7):1475-1480
Cooling crystallization was successfully carried out in a batch cooling crystallizer from impure acidic solutions to recover nickel as nickel sulfate salt with three different cooling rates. The compositions of the solutions included impurities of sodium, magnesium, chloride, and sulfuric acid to mimic industrial nickel electrowinning process solutions. The results show that NiSO4·6H2O mainly crystallized, and its solubility and purity decreased with the increase in the mass ratio of chloride to sulfate. Cooling rates did not have a significant influence on crystal purity; however, it did affect the filter cake moisture; lower moisture can be obtained with a lower cooling rate. The sequence of impurity removal efficiency from high to low was Cl > Na > Mg. 相似文献
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Important parameters like supercooling and cooling rates affecting the melt crystallization of a polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) mixture obtained from sunflower oil were investigated and compared via high‐resolution polarized‐light microscopy. PUFA was thermally characterized in a differential scanning calorimeter and the significant liquid‐solid‐phase transition temperatures determined were then implemented in the development of specific temperature profiles. Analyzed between two glass slides, induction times were found to decrease with low crystallization temperatures and the number of nuclei per unit area increased with higher supercooling and cooling rates. A comparison between the linear crystal growth rates of pure standards of each of the main fatty acids present in the PUFA mixture and the PUFA mixture itself indicated that the latter is much slower than that of each of its pure components. 相似文献
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熔融结晶及其耦合技术研究的进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
介绍逐步冻凝熔融结晶过程和悬浮熔融结晶过程以及各自特点,综述了近年来新型熔融结晶技术与设备的应用研究进展;着重介绍了耦合技术在熔融结晶过程中的应用研究动态;最后展望了熔融结晶技术与设备的发展趋势与方向。 相似文献
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[目的]工业中要通过多次重结晶提纯阿维菌素才能得到纯度较高的产品,生产成本大.提出阿维菌素提纯的溶析结晶工艺,减少操作成本.[方法]通过高效液相色谱法和显微镜观察法考察不同溶剂和溶析剂对产品纯度、杂质含量以及产品晶习的影响.[结果]通过1次溶析结晶产品B1纯度可以达到95%以上.得到的产品一般是粒状或者棱柱状.[结论]乙酸乙酯为溶剂、乙醇为溶析剂得到的产品B1纯度最高,而丙酮作溶剂、水为溶析剂对某些杂质有更好的去除效果.溶析结晶得到的产品一般是粒状或者棱柱状,相对冷却结晶得到的针状晶体有利于后续过滤、洗涤、干燥等过程. 相似文献