共查询到17条相似文献,搜索用时 93 毫秒
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水泥混凝土生命周期环境评价 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
自18世纪初水泥问世以来,水泥混凝土已逐渐成为应用最广泛的大宗建筑材料,随着水泥与混凝土生产制备技术的不断提高和发展,加之其环境友好型特性的凸显,国际上许多知名专家与学者一致认为,在21世纪,水泥混凝土仍将作为主要的大宗建材之一,具有广阔的发展前景。本文旨在研究水泥混凝土的整个生命周期内———由原燃料开始,水泥生产,混凝土制备,水泥混凝土使用,废弃处理,直到回收循环利用的全过程中,对生态环境的影响,并进行全面综合的分析,阐明其作为环境友好型建材的重要特征。1水泥与混凝土的生产制备过程对环境的影响… 相似文献
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0引言为确保水泥行业可持续发展,应对水泥生产企业进行环境协调性研究。本文从研究水泥生产企业的污染因子出发,利用层次分析法,建立水泥环境负荷的数学模型;提出等标污染负荷系数和等标污染负荷协调系数的定义。根据国家标准和行业的总体水平,利用等标污染负荷协调系数来评价水泥生产企业的环境协调性,反映污染因子的相对重要性和不同水泥生产企业环境负荷的相对位置,判断水泥生产企业环境协调性的发展趋势。此项研究有利于企业进行技术改造和创新,优先采用先进的生产工艺;促进企业推行清洁生产,减少环境负荷,改善环境协调性,使水泥向环境友好型发展。 相似文献
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中国水泥工业的生命周期评价 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
生命周期评价(Life Cycle Assessment,LCA)是一种系统化、定量化评价与产品相关的环境负荷和潜在影响的方法,它通过量化分析产品在整个生命周期中的资源、能源投入和环境排放,可以全面评价产品对环境造成的综合影响。本文按照LCA方法框架,建立了中国水泥工业的生命周期模型,收集了中国市场平均的水泥生产各生命周期阶段的资源、能源、原材料消耗和环境排放等清单数据,对中国水泥工业的环境负荷进行了生命周期评价。 相似文献
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实验研究了不同高贝利特水泥(HBC)和硅酸盐水泥(PC)配合比,不同缓凝剂掺量以及不同粉磨细度对HBC-PC复合体系水泥的物理性能的影响。结果表明,HBC与PC混合时,HBC的适宜比例为50%~80%,以50%为最佳。在最佳HBC掺量下,采用二水石膏作缓凝剂,水泥中w(SO3)控制在2.0%~3.0%时水泥具有较好的早期和后期强度;采用硬石膏作缓凝剂,水泥w(SO3)控制在2.0%~3.5%时综合效果较好。当HBC掺量为50%,w(SO3)为2.6%±0.2%时,其复合体系水泥的适宜粉磨细度为320~400m2蛐kg。 相似文献
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磷石膏和陶瓷抛光废料配料制备普通水泥对环境负荷的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
运用生命周期评价法,以试验和生产数据为基础,参考有关统计数据及文献资料,对本文提出的资源化综合利用磷石膏和陶瓷抛光废料配料制备普通硅酸盐水泥的两种试验方法与传统生产方法进行比较分析,探讨了功能单位普通水泥制备过程及其相关原料开采、电力生产和煤炭生产过程对环境负荷的影响。结果表明:水泥生产的环境负荷影响主要体现在不可再生能源消耗、温室效应和不可再生资源消耗;本文所提出的资源化综合利用磷石膏和陶瓷抛光废料配料制备普通硅酸盐水泥的两种试验方法较传统生产方法可减少水泥制备过程对环境负荷的影响。 相似文献
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针对我国化工企业环境风险防范及应急管理的现状,文章从化工建设项目环境风险评价、应急预案编制、应急管理等方面,探讨了化工企业环境风险防范及应急管理的重要内容,并提出一些具体建议,旨在为企业的环境风险防范及应急管理工作提供一些参考。 相似文献
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Cryptococcus neoformans is a facultative intracellular pathogen responsible for fungal meningoencephalitis primarily in immunocompromised individuals. It has become evident the pathogenicity of C. neoformans is dependent on the fungal cell’s environment. The differential expression of virulence factors, based on the cell’s environmental conditions, is one mechanism allowing for the environmental control of the pathogenic ability of C. neoformans. Here, we discuss how these virulence factors (including melanin, the polysaccharide capsule, and Antiphagocytic protein 1) have been shown to be differentially expressed dependent on the cell’s environment. The genetics and signaling pathways leading to the environmental-dependent regulation of virulence factors will also be examined. Susceptibility to antifungal therapeutics is also regulated by the environment, and thus affects the pathogenic abilities of C. neoformans and disease outcomes. This review will also examine the role of the C. neoformans’s environment on antifungal susceptibilities, and the genetics and signaling pathways responsible for these susceptibility alterations. By examining the complex interplay between the environment and the pathogenicity of C. neoformans, we have a better understanding of the intricacies of the pathogen–environment interaction and how to exploit this interaction to develop the most effective treatment protocols. 相似文献
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针对抚顺西露天矿引发的环境污染问题,应用调查、监测、评价、分析的方法,对该矿坑采场内和周边空气环境质量现状进行研究,重点阐述了西露天矿采场内的主要污染源排放状况以及评价区内的环境质量状况;采用等标污染负荷法、综合污染指数法、污染负荷系数法、综合分析和对比分析等方法对评价区内的常规污染物和有机污染物监测结果分别进行评价,最后剖析了污染物超标的主要原因.针对污染情况提出了相府的措旅及律议. 相似文献
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The influence of transition metal cations (cobalt, nickel and zinc ion) associated with organometallic boroacylate adhesion promoters on the adhesion between brass-coated steel cord and rubber skim compound under the influence of various environments, which simulate tyre service conditions, has been studied.
Incorporation of adhesion promoters individually in the steel cord-skim formulation leads to increase in crosslink density, Young's modulus and cord pull-out force. The adhesion energy is enhanced significantly with the addition of cobalt adhesion promoter. The performance of the promoter is influenced by the ease of dissociation of the transition metal ion from the promoter, its participation in the rubber curing and the modification of the interfacial film responsible for adhesion. During aerobic ageing, cobalt followed by nickel is found to be effective, whereas cobalt and, partially, zinc salts offer certain resistance to thermal ageing. Against salt and steam ageing, cobalt boroacylate is very effective followed by zinc salts. The influence of the variation of concentration of zinc ion on adhesion energy is not appreciable. The study points towards the supremacy of cobalt ion among the cations studied, considering its overall good performance and the protection offered against various hostile environments. 相似文献
Incorporation of adhesion promoters individually in the steel cord-skim formulation leads to increase in crosslink density, Young's modulus and cord pull-out force. The adhesion energy is enhanced significantly with the addition of cobalt adhesion promoter. The performance of the promoter is influenced by the ease of dissociation of the transition metal ion from the promoter, its participation in the rubber curing and the modification of the interfacial film responsible for adhesion. During aerobic ageing, cobalt followed by nickel is found to be effective, whereas cobalt and, partially, zinc salts offer certain resistance to thermal ageing. Against salt and steam ageing, cobalt boroacylate is very effective followed by zinc salts. The influence of the variation of concentration of zinc ion on adhesion energy is not appreciable. The study points towards the supremacy of cobalt ion among the cations studied, considering its overall good performance and the protection offered against various hostile environments. 相似文献