基于C/S与B/S混合结构的高职院校教务和教学管理系统的应用研究

该文在对Client/Server(即客户机/服务器,以下简称C/S)体系结构和Browser/Server(即浏览器/服务器,以下简称B/S)体系结构各自优缺点进行比较和分析的基础上,提出了将C/S和B/S两种体系结构相结合而形成的混合软件体系结构,论述了其在软件开发中的优势和劣势,觉得两者的混合体系结构模式更适用于如高职院校的教学和教务管理系统等复杂系统软件的开发。通过对其在高职院校信息化教学和教务管理系统中的应用研究,进一步剖析了混合软件体系结构的系统软件的突出特点及其在特定领域中的开发模式。     

CS与BS混合软件体系结构及其在数字化教学系统中的应用

本文对C/S、B/S两种软件体系结构进行了分析比较,论述了其在软件开发中的优势和劣势,认为C/S、B/S混合体系结构更适用于大型复杂系统的开发.最后,通过对其在数字化教学系统中的应用,进一步剖析了C/S、B/S混合体系结构的特点,及其在特定领域中的开发模式.     

城市地质领域信息管理与服务系统体系结构

城市地质信息管理与服务系统是面向城市地质领域的三维地理信息系统。该文从多元异构数据源集成管理、空间数据可视化、基础和专业数据分析、Web应用、数据共享和服务以及安全与认证等方面出发,分析了该应用领域的功能性/非功能性需求特性,并在此基础上讨论C/S, B/S, Pipe-and-Filter及工作流等常见软件体系结构模式与系统体系结构的适用程度,同时提出以3层C/S模式为主、B/S模式为辅的城市地质领域信息管理与服务系统的体系结构设计方案,使划分的功能构件具有较好的可复用性。实验结果表明,该方案是可行的。     

一种基于PLM系统的软件体系结构风格的研究

一个良好的软件体系结构对一个应用软件系统起着决定性的作用.软件体系结构风格决定着一个系统的软件体系结构.本文通过比较C/S和正交两种常见的软件体系结构风格,指出这两种体系结构风格可以混合使用,并给出基于PLM系统的实例.     

"平台/插件"软件体系结构风格

体系结构发现是软件体系结构研究领域的一个重要方向.近年出现的“平台 插件”软件设计方法,使得发布后的软件产品可以方便地通过安装插件模块而扩展其功能.然而,迄今为止,未见资料将这种结构从软件体系结构的高度进行提炼和描述.本文提出“平台 插件”的软件设计方法是一种软件体系结构风格,并将其称为“平台/插件(Platform/Plug-in)”风格,简写为“P/P风格”.由于软件体系结构和体系结构风格的概念还没有一个标准的定义,文中首先定义了本文使用的模型和概念;研究了“平台/插件”结构应用程序的特点和分类,分析了该类程序的架构,在本文定义的软件体系结构模型的基础上,用统一建模语言UML描述了P/P体系结构风格及P/P风格软件的开发过程.本文工作为需要动态扩展功能的大型软件开发提供了一种可复用的体系结构风格,可以认为,P/P风格是可扩展和可增量升级软件系统的领域体系结构模型.     

C/S与B/S混合软件体系结构模型

C/S体系结构和B/S体系结构各有其优缺点,这两种结构将长期共存于软件系统的开发中。文章对C/S和B/S进行了对比分析,提出了C/S与B/S混合软件体系结构的两个模型,最后给出了实现模型的一个应用实例。实践证明,在软件项目的开发中,使用C/S与B/S混合软件体系结构,能节省开发和维护成本,使系统具有良好的开放性、易扩展性、便于移植等优点。     

管理领域面向方面软件体系结构及软件过程

软件体系结构设计是构建大型管理领域系统的关键步骤,同时面向方面的软件开发已成为解决软件复杂性的有效方法。该文基于面向方面软件开发方法提出了管理领域系统建设的“4+1”关注点视图,针对“4+1”关注点视图提出了面向管理领域、基于服务实现的面向方面软件体系结构。基于该软件体系结构开发的管理业务支持平台及其支持下的软件开发过程可以缩短软件开发周期,改善软件一致性和可维护性,使软件具有更好的演化能力。     

基于C/S和B/S混合模式的教务管理系统的设计与实现

教务管理涉及的部门多、人员广、交叉联系频繁、数据量大,管理难度大。本文在对C/S体系结构和B/S体系结构各自优缺点进行比较和分析的基础上,提出了将C/S和B/S两种体系结构相结合而形成的混合软件体系结构。     

形式化与可视化相结合的软件体系结构描述方法研究

软件体系结构是软件工程领域中一个重要的研究内容,研究软件体系结构的首要问题是如何描述一个软件系统的体系结构模型。本文通过集成XYZ/ADL与UML两种描述方法在软件体系结构中的应用,寻求一种基于时序逻辑理论的形式化方法与面向对象的可视化方法相结合的软件体系结构描述新途径。着重研究XYZ/ADL与UML在电梯控制系统体系结构建模中的应用问题,并运用基于构件的求精方法对该系统的主要组件进行了求精。     

基于时序逻辑语言描述的监控系统的软件体系结构求精

该文提出了一种基于组件的软件体系结构求精方法,主要通过一个具体实例———移动通信监控系统,基于时序逻辑语言XYZ/E形式化描述其体系结构,对该求精方法及过程做进一步阐述。     

Ranking open source application integration frameworks based on maintainability metrics: A review of five-year evolution

Integration frameworks are specialized software tools built and adapted to facilitate the design and implementation of integration solutions. An integration solution allows for the reuse of applications from the software ecosystem of companies to support their business processes. There are several open-source integration frameworks available on the market designed to operate in a business context to manipulate structured data; however, increasingly, they are required to deal with unstructured and large volumes of data, thus requiring effort to adapt these frameworks to work with unstructured and large volume of data. Choosing the framework, which is the easiest to be adapted, is not a trivial task. In this article, we review the newest stable versions of four open-source integration frameworks by analyzing how they have evolved regarding their adaptive maintainability over five years. We rank them according to their maintainability degree and compare past and current versions of each framework. To encourage and enable researchers and developers to replicate our experiments, with the aim of verifying our findings, and to experiment with new versions of the integration frameworks analyzed, we detail the experimental protocol used while also having made all the required software involved available on the Web.     

SecureSMS: A secure SMS protocol for VAS and other applications

Nowadays, the SMS is a very popular communication channel for numerous value added services (VAS), business and commercial applications. Hence, the security of SMS is the most important aspect in such applications. Recently, the researchers have proposed approaches to provide end-to-end security for SMS during its transmission over the network. Thus, in this direction, many SMS-based frameworks and protocols like Marko's SMS framework, Songyang's SMS framework, Alfredo's SMS framework, SSMS protocol, and, Marko and Konstantin's protocol have been proposed but these frameworks/protocols do not justify themselves in terms of security analysis, communication and computation overheads, prevention from various threats and attacks, and the bandwidth utilization of these protocols. The two protocols SMSSec and PK-SIM have also been proposed to provide end-to-end security and seem to be little better in terms of security analysis as compared to the protocols/framework mentioned above. In this paper, we propose a new secure and optimal protocol called SecureSMS, which generates less communication and computation overheads. We also discuss the possible threats and attacks in the paper and provide the justified prevention against them. The proposed protocol is also better than the above two protocols in terms of the bandwidth utilization. On an average the SecureSMS protocol reduces 71% and 59% of the total bandwidth used in the authentication process as compared to the SMSSec and PK-SIM protocols respectively. Apart from this, the paper also proposes a scheme to store and implement the cryptographic algorithms onto the SIM card. The proposed scheme provides end-to-end SMS security with authentication (by the SecureSMS protocol), confidentiality (by encryption AES/Blowfish; preferred AES-CTR), integrity (SHA1/MD5; preferred SHA1) and non-repudiation (ECDSA/DSA; preferred ECDSA).     

Implementing a generic component‐based framework for telecontrol applications

The rapid growth of telecontrol systems is one of the major trends in today's network‐oriented community. The implementation of generic frameworks, consisting of reusable components that can form the basis for the development of such systems, is a necessity. There is a plethora of associated applications that can be developed in a distributed environment, such as audio/video teleconferencing, groupware and collaborative computing environments, remote controlled services, etc. In this paper we design and implement a generic framework of components that can be used for the realization of telecontrol applications. This category of applications focuses primarily on the issues of managing distributed units on remote end‐systems. Such applications contain remote units and administrators that are connected and exchange data and control messages. We analyse the outlined architecture of our framework and the most important system operations. We also describe the communication protocol used in message exchanges between the constituent components. Finally, we illustrate the usefulness of our framework by presenting two applications that were created by extending the basic software infrastructure. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A Secure Agent-based Framework for Internet Trading in Mobile Computing Environments

Most of the current Internet trading frameworks, in particular their negotiation and payment phases, are intended for customers frequently connected to the Internet during an entire transaction. This requirement cannot be easily met in the high communication cost and/or low bandwidth settings, typically found in mobile computing environments. Based on the software agent paradigm, a new secure agent-based framework for Internet trading in mobile computing environments is proposed in this paper. The framework is composed of two new protocols. One is the agent-based auction-like negotiation protocol, another is the agent-based payment protocol. Both of them are dedicated to solve the trade problems of Internet trading in mobile computing environments and ensured to be safe by cryptographic technologies. The combination of the two secure protocols constitutes an integrative solution for Internet trading in mobile computing environments.     

基于B/S模式的Rockwell实验室网络监控系统

应用OPC通信技术和Web开发技术,设计并开发了基于B/S模式的Rockwell实验室网络监控系统。OPC的应用多是基于C/S模式的,这导致在传统B/S模式网络监控系统下,数据通信过程要通过OPC服务器、OPC客户端和实时/历史数据库多层通信,存在一定的实时性问题。针对这一问题,提出了新的开发框架,实现了与控制对象的实时通信。用户通过浏览器可以实时监视设备的运行状况,并且可脱离Rockwell的编程软件对设备进行控制。     

Fast extraction of high-quality framework-specific models from application code

Framework-specific models represent the design of application code from the framework viewpoint by showing how framework-provided concepts are instantiated in the code. Retrieving such models quickly and precisely is necessary for practical model-supported software engineering, in which developers use design models for development tasks such as code understanding, verifying framework usage rules, and round-trip engineering. Also, comparing models extracted at different times of the software lifecycle supports software evolution tasks. We describe an experimental study of the static analyses necessary to automatically retrieve framework-specific models from application code. We reverse engineer a number of applications based on three open-source frameworks and evaluate the quality of the retrieved models. The models are expressed using framework-specific modeling languages (FSMLs), each designed for an open-source framework. For reverse engineering, we use prototype implementations of the three FSMLs. Our results show that for the considered frameworks and a large body of application code rather simple code analyses are sufficient for automatically retrieving framework-specific models with high precision and recall. Based on the initial results, we refine the static analyses and repeat the study on a larger set of applications to provide more evidence and confirm the results. The refined static analyses provide precision and recall of close to 100% for the analyzed applications. This paper is an extended version of the paper “Automatic extraction of framework-specific models from framework-based application code”, which was published in the proceedings of the Twenty-Second ACM/IEEE International Conference on Automated Software Engineering, 2007.     

Towards Specifying Constraints for Object-Oriented Frameworks

Object-oriented frameworks are often hard to learn and use (J. Bosch et al., In: ACM Computing Survey's Symposia on Object Oriented Application Frameworks, 1998; M. Fayad and D.C. Schmidt, Communication of the ACM, Special Issue on Object-Oriented Application Frameworks 1997;40(10)). As a result, software cost rises and quality suffers. Thus the capability to automatically detect errors occurring at the boundary between frameworks and applications is considered crucial to mitigate the problem. This paper introduces the notion of framework, constraints and a specification language, FCL (Framework Constraints Language), to formally specify them. Framework constraints are rules that frameworks impose on the code of framework-based applications. The semantics of FCL is primarily based on first order predicate logic and set theory though the evolving syntax is designed to resemble that of programming languages as much as possible. We take examples from the MFC (Microsoft Foundation Classes) framework (G. Shepherd and S. Wingo, MFC Internals: Inside the Microsoft Foundation Classes Architecture. Reading, MA: Addison Wesley, 1996) demonstrating both the nature of framework constraints and the semantics of FCL. Essentially, framework constraints can be regarded as framework-specific typing rules conveyed by the specification language FCL, and thus can be enforced by techniques analogous to those of conventional type checking.     

Design,implementation and evolution of object oriented frameworks: concepts and guidelines

Object‐oriented frameworks provide software developers with the means to build an infrastructure for their applications. Unfortunately, frameworks do not always deliver on their promises of reusability and flexibility. To address this, we have developed a conceptual model for frameworks and a set of guidelines to build object oriented frameworks that adhere to this model. Our guidelines focus on improving the flexibility, reusability and usability (i.e. making it easy to use a framework) of frameworks. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

On Object-Oriented Frameworks and Coordinate Free Formulations of PDEs

. An object-oriented (OO) framework for Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) provides software abstractions for numerical simulation of PDEs. The design of such frameworks is not trivial, and the outcome of the design is highly dependent on which mathematical abstractions one chooses to support. In this paper, coordinate free abstractions for PDEs are advocated. The coordinate free formulation of a PDE hides the underlying coordinate system. Therefore, software based on these concepts has the prospect of being more modular, since the PDE formulation is separated from the representation of the coordinates. Use of coordinate free methods in two independent OO frameworks are presented, in order to exemplify the viability of the concepts. The described applications simulate seismic waves for various classes of rock models and the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations on curvi-linear grids, respectively. In both cases, the possibility to express the equations in a domain independent fashion is crucial. Similarities and differences between the two coordinate free frameworks are discussed. A number of places where such frameworks should be designed for modification is identified. This identification is of interest both for framework developers and for tentative framework users. ID="A1"Correspondance and offprint requests to: K Ahlander, Dept of Information Technology, University of Uppsala, Box 337, SE-75105 Uppsala, Sweden. E-mail: krister@tdb.uu.se     

Design patterns in object-oriented frameworks

Developing interactive software systems with complex user interfaces has become increasingly common. Given this trend, it is important that new technology be based on flexible architectures that do not require developers to understand all the complexities inherent in a system. Object-oriented frameworks provide an important enabling technology for reusing both the architecture and the functionality of software components. Frameworks typically have a steep learning curve since the user must understand the abstract design of the underlying framework as well as the object collaboration rules or contracts-which are often not apparent in the framework interface-prior to using the framework. The author describes her experience with developing an object-oriented framework for speech recognition applications that use IBM's ViaVoice speech recognition technology. Design patterns help to effectively communicate the internal framework design and reduce dependence on the documentation