掺杂NaAlH4放氢性能的研究

采用PCT(pressure-conten-temperature)、XRD等测试方法对掺杂Ag2SO4、SrCO3、TiO2和ZnO的NaAlH4放氢性能进行研究。结果显示,掺杂TiO2的NaAlH4试样具有最大的放氢量,而掺杂SrCO3的试样放氢量最小,并且对比所有掺杂试样在第1阶段的放氢速率发现,掺杂TiO2的NaAlH4试样具有最大的放氢速率,在整个放氢性能的测试过程中,试样表现出了明显的2个分解阶段,并且在第1阶段的分解速率明显大于第2阶段。此外,掺杂TiO2和ZnO试样的XRD结果表明,掺杂试样经过30min的球磨之后,试样的晶体结构没有发生明显变化,并且没有新的物相生成,这说明NaAlH4具有很好的稳定性。     

Effect of CeO2 and Y2O3 as Catalysts on Hydrogen Desorption Properties of NaAlH4

主要研究氩气气氛下通过机械球磨方法制备的掺杂两种稀土氧化物(由0~5mol%CeO2和 Y2O3)对NaAlH4放氢性能的影响。PCT测试结果显示,在相同的条件下,两种稀土氧化物引起 NaAlH4的最大放氢量和平均放氢速率的规律相似,都随着掺量的增加先增大至某一值后又开始减小。相对于 Y2O3,CeO2对NaAlH4的催化效果影响更为突出,达到相同的放氢量 4.8wt%时,1mol%CeO2-NaAlH4的放氢速率明显比1mol% Y2O3-NaAlH4要高。SEM分析结果显示,随着催化剂含量的增加,粉体颗粒更加均匀,继而团聚成絮状。同时研究发现,球磨后呈分散结构的颗粒可能比絮状结构颗粒反应接触面积大,且经过加热放氢后的试样有很多类似于蜂窝状的气孔存在。     

催化剂CeO_2和Y_2O_3对NaAlH_4放氢性能的影响(英文)

主要研究氩气气氛下通过机械球磨方法制备的掺杂两种稀土氧化物(由0~5mol%CeO2和 Y2O3)对NaAlH4放氢性能的影响。PCT测试结果显示,在相同的条件下,两种稀土氧化物引起 NaAlH4的最大放氢量和平均放氢速率的规律相似,都随着掺量的增加先增大至某一值后又开始减小。相对于 Y2O3,CeO2对NaAlH4的催化效果影响更为突出,达到相同的放氢量 4.8wt%时,1mol%CeO2-NaAlH4的放氢速率明显比1mol% Y2O3-NaAlH4要高。SEM分析结果显示,随着催化剂含量的增加,粉体颗粒更加均匀,继而团聚成絮状。同时研究发现,球磨后呈分散结构的颗粒可能比絮状结构颗粒反应接触面积大,且经过加热放氢后的试样有很多类似于蜂窝状的气孔存在。     

LaCl3和Ti对氢化铝钠（NaAlH4）和氢化铝锂（LiAlH4）储氢性能的影响

通过PCT(pressure-content-temperature)设备研究催化剂Ti和 LaCl3对NaAlH4和LiAlH4储氢性能的影响.NaAlH4和LiAlH4掺杂LaCl3比掺杂Ti的放氢性能有明显提高.在吸氢性能的研究中发现,在第1个吸氢循环中,掺杂3 mol% LaCl3的NaAlH4试样的放氢温度明显降低.此外,LaCl3的摩尔含量对NaAlH4的放氢性能的影响是非常明显的.研究结果显示,随着LaCl3含量的增加,NaAlH4的放氢量和放氢速率显示出相同的变化趋势,即先增加后减少.其中掺杂3 mol% LaCl3的NaAlH4试样的放氢量最大并且放氢动力学性能最好,其激活能为41.6 kJ/mol,这个值低于所报道的掺杂Ti的NaAlH4的激活能.     

球磨工艺对LiAlH4放氢性能的影响

采用PCT(Pressure-Conten-Temperature)、XRD和SEM等测试方法,对经过不同时间球磨的LiAlH4 及其掺杂3 mol LaCl3试样的放氢性能进行了研究.结果发现,球磨工艺在明显降低LiAlH4放氢温度的同时也明显降低了其放氢量.此外,XRD结果发现,球磨试样的衍射峰发生了小幅度的宽化,部分衍射峰的强度有所降低,然而晶体结构没有发生明显变化,这说明LiAlH4具有很好的稳定性.     

Study on Influence of Processes on the Dehydrogenation Performance of NaAlH4

分析了制备工艺过程、球磨设备、试样放置时间以及球磨时间对NaAlH4放氢性能的影响。其中除了试样3是采用高能球磨机外,其它所有试样均采用行星式球磨机。结果表明,这些因素对NaAlH4放氢性能的影响非常明显。试样在球磨过程中经过上下翻转后,其放氢量明显比不翻转高出了50%(质量分数)。不同球磨设备研究结果显示,试样3经过高能振动球磨机球磨后,其放氢量比行星式球磨机制备的试样的放氢量明显提高了。试样放置时间与试样球磨时间的研究结果显示,制备好的球磨试样经过24 h放置后,其放氢量明显提高。此外,试样经过不同时间球磨后,其放氢量也有明显的不同。经研究发现,球磨80 min试样的放氢量比球磨100 min和球磨40和60 min试样的放氢量要高,但和其它的影响因素相比,球磨时间对NaAlH4放氢性能的影响相对较小     

Effect of Ce4+ and Ce3+ on the Hydrogen Release of NaAlH4

通过PCT(Pressure-Content-Temperature)设备研究了催化剂CeCl3和Ce(SO4)2对NaAlH4可逆储氢性能的影响.结果显示试样总放氢量随着CeCl3和Ce(SO4)2含量的增加呈先增加后降低的趋势.在第一放氢阶段,掺杂4 mol％ CeCl3试样的放氢速率和放氢量都优于掺杂3 mol％ Ce(SO4)2的试样.在110,130,150和180℃条件下,试样的放氢速率和放氢量随着温度的升高明显升高.     

F~(-1)对NaAlH_4和LiAlH_4放氢性能的影响(英文)

使用PCT设备分析了NaF和LiF对NaAlH4和LiAlH4放氢性能的影响。结果显示,除了掺杂0.5 mol%,4 mol%NaF的试样外,掺杂NaF明显提高了NaAlH4的放氢量。此外,掺杂NaF还增加了NaAlH4第1阶段的放氢速率。在所有的掺杂NaF的试样中,掺杂1 mol%NaF的试样的放氢量是最大的,并且放氢速率也是最快的。相比之下,掺杂LiF使得LiAlH4的放氢量明显降低了。     

Effect of F-1 on the Hydrogen Release Properties of NaAlH4 and LiAlH4

使用PCT设备分析了NaF和LiF对NaAlH4和LiAlH4放氢性能的影响。结果显示,除了掺杂0.5 mol%,4 mol%NaF的试样外,掺杂NaF明显提高了NaAlH4的放氢量。此外,掺杂NaF还增加了NaAlH4第1阶段的放氢速率。在所有的掺杂NaF的试样中,掺杂1 mol%NaF的试样的放氢量是最大的,并且放氢速率也是最快的。相比之下,掺杂LiF使得LiAlH4的放氢量明显降低了。     

孔道Al2O3/SiO2对NaAlH4-Tm2O3体系储氢性能的影响

以机械球磨法制备具有可逆吸放氢性能的NaAlH4-Tm2O3储氢材料体系。利用相同制备方法进一步研究两种不同孔道材料(大孔Al2O3与介孔SiO2)对NaAlH4-Tm2O3体系储氢性能的影响,测试样品的循环吸放氢性能,并对样品吸放氢前后的结构进行表征。结果表明:大孔Al2O3材料的添加并不能明显改善NaAlH4-Tm2O3体系的放氢速率和放氢量,而介孔SiO2的加入使NaAlH4-Tm2O3体系在150℃条件下5 h内的首次放氢量(质量分数)达到4.61%,高于NaAlH4-Tm2O3体系的4.27%,增加了约8.0%。此外,添加介孔SiO2的NaAlH4-Tm2O3体系放氢速率也有所提高。     

Study,on Influence of Processes on the Dehydrogenation Performance of NaAlH4EI北大核心CSCD

In this paper, the effects of preparation process, ball-milling equipments, storing time and ball-milling time on the dehydrogenation performances were analyzed. All the samples were ball-milled by planetary ball mill except for sample 3 which was ball-milled by high-energy vibration ball mill. The results indicate that the above mentioned influence factors present obvious effect on the dehydrogenation performances of NaAlH4. The dehydrogenation amount of the samples turned up and down during ball milling increases by 50wt%. Compared to the samples prepared by planetary mill, the dehydrogenation amount of samples prepared by the high-energy vibration ball mill increases markedly. The results from studying on storing time and milling time show that the dehydrogenation amounts of the samples milled by planetary mill and laid aside for 24 h get an obvious increase. In addition, the amount of the hydrogen release of the samples milled for different time with planetary mill presents significantly difference. The amount of the hydrogen release of the sample milled for 80 min is higher than those milled for 100, 40 and 60 min. However, compared to other influence factors, the effect of ball-milling time on NaAlH4 is smaller.     

掺杂稀土类催化剂对LiAlH4放氢性能和相结构的影响

采用球磨的方式在LiAlH4中分别掺入3种稀土催化剂LaCl3、CeCl3和Ce(SO4)2,研究了稀土催化剂对LiAlH4的相结构和放氢性能的影响。结果表明,在球磨过程中,掺杂Ce(SO4)2对LiAlH4的分解基本没有影响,而掺杂LaCl3和CeCl3则造成LiAlH4部分分解,产生了LiCl和Al3RE（RE=La,Ce）相。在LiAlH4放氢反应中,稀土催化剂的加入均使LiAlH4初始放氢温度降低,特别是Ce(SO4)2使第1步的放氢温度降低了约25 ℃。稀土催化剂有助于加快LiAlH4分解反应速率,提高LiAlH4的放氢性能。     

PREPARING NANO-CRYSTALLINE La DOPED WC/Co POWDER BY HIGH ENERGY BALL MILLING

The La doped WC/Co powder was prepared by high energy ball milling. The changes of crystal structure, micrograph and defect of the powder were investigated by means of XRD (X-ray diffraction), SEM (scanning electron microscope) and DTA (differential thermal analysis). The results show that adding trace La element into carbides is effective to minish the grain size of WC/Co powder. The La doped carbides powder with grain size of 30nm can be obtained after 10h ball milling. The XRD peak of Co phase disappeared after 20h ball milling, which indicated solid solution (or secondary solid solution) of Co phase in WC phase. The La doped powder with grain size of 10nm is obtained after 30h ball milling. A peak of heat release at the temperature of 470℃ was emerged in DTA curve within the range of heating temperature, which showed that the crystal structure relaxation of the powder appeared in the process of high energy ball milling. After consolidated the La doped WC/Co alloy by high energy ball milling exhibits     

Preparing nano-crystalline rare earth doped WC/Co powder by high energy ball milling

The nano-crystalline rare earth doped WC/Co powder was prepared by high energy ball milling. The nano-crystalline powders were characterized by means of XRD (X-ray diffraction), SEM (scanning electron microscope) and DTA (differential thermal analysis). The results show that adding trace rare earth elements into carbides is effective to minish the grain size of WC/Co powder. The grain size of rare earth doped powder became two times smaller as compared with the undoped powder within ball milling times of 25–45 h. The XRD peak of Co phase disappeared after 25 h ball milling. A sharp peak of heat release at the temperature of 597 °C was emerged in DTA curve within the range of heating temperature. After consolidated the rare earth doped WC/Co alloy by high energy ball milling exhibits ultra-fine grain sizes and better mechanical properties.     

Effect of ball milling process on the microstructure of titanium-nanohydroxyapatite composite powder

Titaninm-nanohydroxyapatite （Ti-nHA） composite powders, composed of titanium with 10 vol.% and 20 vol.% of nano-hydroxyapatite, were milled in a planetary ball mill using alcohol media to avoid excessive heat. XRD and SEM were performed for characterization of the microstructure, and the homogeneity of Ti/HA nanocomposite powder was evaluated by EPMA with prolonged ball milling time. The results show that under the condition of wet milling, the grain size of Ti-nHA composite powders is decreased with the increase in ball milling time and the amount of the addition of nHA. While for milling of 30 h, the nanocomposite powder with free structure, which consists of the nano-hydroxyapatite （nHA） particles and titanium （Ti） phase, is obtained. Three stages of milling can be observed from the dement mapping of Ti, Ca, and P by EPMA; meanwhile, it is found that the nHA would be more homogenously distributed after milling for 30 h.     

Mechanical alloying behavior of Nb–Ti–Si-based alloy made from elemental powders by ball milling process

Nb-Ti-Si-based alloy powders were prepared by mechanical alloying(MA) of elemental particles.The evolutions of morphology,size,phase constituents,crystallite size,lattice strain,composition and internal microstructure,etc.,of the alloy powders were analyzed by X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),energy-dispersive spectroscopy(EDS),laser particle size analyzer and transmission electron microscope(TEM) analyses.The alloy particles are gradually refined and their shapes become globular with the increase in milling time.The diffraction peaks of Nb solid solution(Nbss) phase shift toward lower29 angles during ball milling from 2 to 5 h,and after that Nbss diffraction peaks shift toward higher 29 angles with the increase in milling time from 5 to 70 h,which is mainly attributed to the alteration of the lattice parameter of Nbss powders due to the solution of the alloying element atoms into Nb lattice to form Nbss.During ball milling process,the decrease in crystallite size and increase in lattice strain of Nbss powders lead to continuous broadening of their diffraction peaks.A typical lamellar microstructure is formed inside the powder particles after ball milling for 5 h and becomes more refined and homogenized with the increase in milling time.After 40-h-ball milling,the typical lamellar microstructure disappears and a very homogeneous microstructure is formed instead.This homogeneous microstructure is proved to be composed of only supersaturated Nbss phase.