表面活性剂对高浓度石墨烯水分散液制备的影响

分别选取阴离子型、阳离子型和非离子型3种类型表面活性剂,通过紫外可见光谱研究表面活性剂结构和浓度对高压均质-液相剥离法制备的石墨烯水分散液浓度的影响。通过高分辨透射电镜和激光粒度仪对所制备的石墨烯的品质进行分析。结果表明:长的疏水链段、双键和苯环官能团是促进表面活性剂作用发挥的关键结构,表面活性剂最优浓度略高于其临界胶束浓度。在测试范围内,Tween80效果最佳,其最佳作用浓度为0.012mmol·L^-1,所得石墨烯水分散液浓度为564.3mg·L^-1。表面活性剂的结构和浓度对石墨烯的品质无明显影响。     

自组装膜-石墨烯界面修饰及其在电子传递领域中的研究与应用

本研究将兼具自组装膜和石墨烯两者优点的复合材料作用于基底,讨论了具有特殊电化学性能的自组装膜-石墨烯电化学界面信号检测系统。同时,通过对自组装膜-石墨烯构建的以石墨烯为基础的FET(GFETs)结构特性的分析,发现以自组装膜功能化的石墨烯可以提供有效的方式调控其性质,减少界面的不纯散射及滞后的场效应行为。文章还探讨了自组装膜-石墨烯在染料敏化太阳能电池及p-n结领域中的研究与应用,对有机分子自组装膜-石墨烯复合材料在控制界面电子性质的应用前景进行了展望。     

界面张力降低法设计液膜配方

研究了液膜体系各组分与油水界面张力降低的关系，提出了一种根据油水界面张力的降低，筛选表面活性剂、截体、助表面活性剂，和确定料液中待分离离子最佳浓度的方法。     

石墨烯分散液的制备以及应用前景

石墨烯因独特的晶体结构和丰富新奇的光电性能而成为研究前沿和热点。高浓度稳定分散的石墨烯分散液有着巨大的应用前景,可广泛应用于能源存储、电子信息、功能材料等多个领域。但石墨烯纳米片不亲水也不亲油,易发生团聚,难以长时间稳定分散在溶液中。本文分析了石墨烯在不同溶剂中的溶解性,综述了当前国内外一些石墨烯分散液的制备方法和开发前景,指出分子修饰法将是石墨烯分散液功能化制备的发展方向,这为石墨烯分散液的功能化应用提供了重要的参考。     

一步法合成十二烷基苯磺酸钠稳定的石墨烯分散液

采用改进Hummer法用石墨制备了氧化石墨烯（GO）,在十二烷基苯磺酸钠存在的情况下用水合肼还原形成较高浓度的石墨烯分散液。该分散液可以稳定悬浮超过一个月。XRD、UV—vis和Raman光谱分析结果表明,所得到的石墨烯为化学反应形成的还原石墨烯（RGO）;TEM和AFM观察发现单片和多层的石墨烯并存于产物之中,说明该方法能够使RGO均匀分散于水中。     

高浓度石墨烯水分散液的制备与表征

利用高压均质液相剥离法,以鳞片石墨为原料,水为介质,制备高浓度石墨烯水分散液。采用紫外可见光谱研究表明活性剂浓度、高压均质压力和循环次数对石墨烯水分散液浓度C_G的影响。通过拉曼光谱、扫描电镜、透射电镜、激光粒度仪分析水分散液中石墨烯的结构和形貌。结果表明:通过调节各工艺参数,获得了浓度为324.3mg·L^-1的石墨烯水分散液,所得浓度是超声液相剥离法的10倍;石墨烯水分散液中石墨烯缺陷少、厚度薄、片径大,具有良好的品质;将所得石墨烯分散液制备石墨烯自支撑膜,其电导率可达3.2×10~4S·m^-1。     

气-液界面非担载SiO2无机膜的仿生制备

利用有机大分子CTAB的自组装体为模板来调制正硅酸乙酯（TEOS）的水解缩聚，于气－液界面上制备出非担载SiO2无机膜，对了膜时间进行了选择，考察了仿生制备SiO2膜过程中物料配比对成膜质量的影响，对其进行了优化，由CTAB极性头基排列而成的六边形区域聚集于溶液表面，TEOS在其内部的水解缩聚及随后的层层复制过程形成了仿生合成膜的空间网络结构。     

层层自组装法制备氧化石墨烯复合单价选择性离子交换膜

将氧化石墨烯(GO)添加到聚丙烯酸(PAA)溶液中,并与聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)在阳离子交换膜表面通过层层自组装(LBL)法制备了单价选择性离子交换膜。结果表明,PEI为表层的复合膜,具有更高的单价离子选择性,随着层层自组装的进行,GO连续地沉积到膜的表面。复合膜的面电阻随组装层数的增加而增大,相比于未添加GO的多层膜,GO的加入有利于膜电阻的降低。同时,随着自组装层数的增加,复合膜的单价离子分离效率提高;GO浓度升高,复合膜的单价离子选择性先升高后降低,当GO浓度升高至0.5 g/L时,复合膜的分离效率最高。     

表面自组装改性石墨烯/环氧纳米复合材料的研究进展

二维石墨烯以其优异的性能广泛应用于制备聚合物纳米复合材料,而如何增强石墨烯与基体的界面相容性则至关重要。近年来,利用自组装技术在石墨烯表面负载功能化金属或非金属纳米粒子,赋予其良好的分散性和多功能特征的研究颇受关注。主要综述了近年来有关表面自组装改性石墨烯的途径及在改善环氧纳米复合材料的阻燃抑烟、摩擦磨损特性、热性能和耐腐蚀性等方面的应用进展。     

层状自组装方法制备三维石墨烯复合材料

石墨烯因具有制备方法简单、比表面积大以及生物共溶性好等优点,很多研究者将其应用于生物领域。在本工作中,我们以高比表面积的三维石墨烯作为载体,通过尝试不同的方法对其表面进行改性,然后负载银纳米粒子,制备出纳米银/石墨烯复合纳米材料。通过SEM,TEM以及Zeta电位仪进行一系列的表征和跟踪分析,摸索出制备银/石墨烯复合材料的最佳条件。该复合材料在抗菌领域具有广泛的应用前景。     

Free-standing graphene oxide-poly(vinyl alcohol) membranes self-assembled at liquid/air interface

Graphene-based composites are appealing as a new class of materials that hold great promise for many applications. In this paper, highly ordered, homogeneous graphene oxide-poly(vinyl alcohol) (GO-PVA) with different content of PVA membranes and reduced graphene oxide-poly(vinyl alcohol) (RGO-PVA) membrane at 75% loading of PVA in the presence of hydrazine hydrate solution are prepared by the self-assemble process at liquid/air interface. The as-prepared membranes were investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy and four-probe resistance measurements. It was shown that the free-standing GO-PVA and RGO-PVA membranes are thickness controlled and area adjustable. The GO-PVA membranes have excellent transparent. The electrical conductivity of RGO-PVA membranes was up to 0.6 S/m by the chemical reduction of hydrazine hydrate. The membranes would be promising for practical applications in future nanotechnology.     

Large-scale graphene transistors with enhanced performance and reliability based on interface engineering by phenylsilane self-assembled monolayers

In this letter, we report the dielectric/graphene interface physics and engineering of large-scale, chemical vapor deposited (CVD) graphene transistors by self-assembling a molecular-scale organosilane monolayer onto the dielectric surface. We show that phenyl-alkyl-terminated self-assembled monolayers (SAM) at the dielectric/graphene interface consistently improve the graphene device performance and reliability. The extrinsic field-effect mobility of large-scale CVD graphene transistors on the phenyl-SAM engineered dielectric is currently up to 2500 cm(2)/(V s) at room temperature, considerably higher than the counterparts without the SAM. In addition, significant reduction on the bias stress instability and hysteresis is achieved by the SAM-based interface engineering. Further analysis reveals that charge injection from graphene to the dielectric/graphene interface dominates the observed hysteresis behavior. For both graphene transistors with and without SAMs, the bias stress stability, that is, Dirac point shift under bias stress, is well described by the stretched exponential model with its fitting parameters clearly indicating different interface properties.     

Hyper-Rayleigh light scattering from an aqueous suspension of purple membrane

Here we report the first observation of hyper-Rayleigh light scattering from bacteriorhodopsin in the form of an aqueous suspension of unoriented purple membranes. A typical purple membrane suspension used in our experiments contains approximately 10(8) randomly oriented purple membranes. Each purple membrane contains approximately 10(5) bacteriorhodopsin molecules in a two-dimensional crystallinearray. Hyper-Rayleigh light scattering is observed when the purple membrane suspension is illuminated with light that has a wavelength of 1064 nm. We propose that the 532-nm scattered light from each of the bacteriorhodopsin molecules in a single purple membrane is coherent, and that the scattered light from different purple membranes is incoherent. This proposal is supported by the following experimental observations: (a) the 532-nm light intensity is proportional to the square of the incident power, (b) the intensity of the 532-nm signal is linearly proportional to the concentration of purple membrane in solution, (c) the scattered 532-nm light is incoherent, (d) the scattered 532-nm light intensity decreases if the size of the purple membranes is reduced while the bacteriorhodopsin concentration is kept constant, and (e) the 532-nm light is due to the retinal chromophore of the bacteriorhodopsin molecule. The ratio of horizontal polarized hyper-Rayleigh scattered light to vertically polarized hyper-Rayleigh scattered light gives the angle (23 ± 4°) of the retinal axis with respect to the plane of the purple membrane. The hyperpolarizability of the bacteriorhodopsin molecule is found to be 5 ± 0.4 × 10(-27) esu.     

羟基磷灰石水悬浮液的稳定性与荷电性研究

以氢氧化钙和磷酸二氢钙为前驱,用均相化学沉淀法合成制备了羟基磷灰石(HAP).研究了pH值、定势离子(Ca2 ,PO34-)浓度及改性剂对HAP水悬浮液的Zeta电位和分散稳定性的影响,探讨了荷电性与分散稳定性的关系.结果表明:Zeta电位的绝对值越大,HAP水悬浮液的稳定性越强.并采用两种具有典型代表性的物质,壳聚糖和明胶对HAP微粒进行改性,得到了稳定的HAP水悬浮液.     

Carrier control of graphene driven by the proximity effect of functionalized self-assembled monolayers

We demonstrated the carrier control of graphene by employing the electrostatic potential produced by several types of self-assembled monolayer (SAM) formed on SiO(2) substrates. For single layer graphene on perfluoroalkylsilane-SAM, the stiffening of the Raman G-band indicates a large down shift of the Fermi level (～-0.8 eV) by accumulated hole carriers. Meanwhile, aminoarylsilane-SAM accumulated electron carriers, which compensate the hole carriers doped by adsorbed molecules under the ambient atmosphere, in graphene. The present results and their theoretical analysis reveal that the use of the dipole moments of SAM molecules can systematically modulate the electrostatic potential affecting graphene without destroying its intrinsic electronic structure and let us know that the proximity effect of the SAMs is a promising way in developing graphene-based solid state electronics.     

Synthesis and characterization of stable aqueous dispersions of graphene

A stable aqueous dispersion (5 mg ml^?1) of graphene was synthesized by a simple protocol based on three-step reduction of graphene oxide (GO) dispersion synthesized using the modified version of Hummers and Offeman method. Reduction of GO was carried out using sodium borohydride, hydrazine hydrate and dimethyl hydrazine as reducing agents. The chemically synthesized graphene was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV–visible absorption spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), optical microscopy. The stability of aqueous dispersions of graphene was confirmed through zeta potential measurements and the negative zeta potentials of 55–60 mV were obtained indicating the high stability of aqueous graphene dispersions.