机械合金化-加压烧结制备Fe3Al金属间化合物

采用机械合金化-加压烧结在1250℃制备相对密度为99%、晶粒尺寸为300～700nm的Fe3Al烧结体材料.研究了球磨过程中Fe-Al粉末的结构转变及烧结体Fe3Al的微观结构和力学性能.Fe3Al材料的室温压缩屈服强度和压缩应变分别为1900MPa和14%,硬度61HRC,横向断裂强度和断裂韧度KIc分别高达1300MPa和49 MPa·m1/2.Fe3Al材料优异的室温力学性能来源于晶粒细化、组织均化效应.     

机械合金化制备Fe3Si金属间化合物的研究

研究了原子配比3：1的Fe、Si混合粉末的机械合金化过程,并用金相显微镜和XRD分析了热压成型前后的材料组织和结构。实验结果表明：原子配比3：1的Fe、Si混合粉末经机械合金化最终产物为α-Fe（Si）过饱和固溶体,而不是非晶态;合金化合后的粉末经热压后可得到了有序的Fe3Si金属间化合物;而球磨取样过程中产生的氧化物是影响材料性能的主要因素。     

机械合金化制备Ti-Al-Si纳米金属间化合物

4种成分的Ti-Al-Si颗粒T3,T4,T5和T6通过球磨获得非晶.这些非晶在退火时的结构变化分为3个阶段:(1)球磨非晶的部分晶化并产生Ti₅Si₃;(2)其余非晶的完全晶化并依赖于颗粒中Ti和Al的组成产生钛铝金属间化合物,(3)粉末中各相的晶粒长大.晶化反应依粉末成分产生Ti₃Al,TiAl和Al₃Ti.Ti₅Si₃是晶化反应的唯一硅化物.低于800℃退火可获得纳米晶。     

金属间化合物的机械合金化制备

综述了机械合金化制备金属间化合物的研究进展，指出了机械合金化技术在金属问化合物制备方面的优势。简述了机械合金化形成金属问化合物的机理，重点介绍了平衡相金属间化合物、弥散强化金属问化合物、过饱和金属问化合物，非晶合金、纳米晶材料等几类机械合金化金属间化合物的制备与组织性能。并针对目前研究的不足以及该研究领域的发展方向提出了加强MA过程热力学和动力学的基础理论研究、改良MA工艺等建议．     

机械合金化制备金属难熔化合物

在介绍机械合金化特点的同时，重点研究和讨论了机械合金化制备金属难熔化合物的过程及机理，并认为机械合金化是制备难熔化合物及其材料的一种行之有效的方法。     

铝合金表面激光合金化Al-Nb金属间化合物涂层

铝铌合金是具有较高强度及硬度的结构材料和涂层材料。采用 2kW连续波Nd YAG激光在AA60 61Al合金表面制备Al Nb金属间化合物激光合金化改性层。采用功率密度 62 .5J·mm- 2 ,交互作用时间 0 .0 65s ,保护气氩气流量为 2 0L·min- 1 的激光辐照处理工艺 ,可获得无孔洞及裂纹、致密的Al Nb金属间化合物改性层。采用光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、能谱仪、X射线衍射仪及显微硬度计 ,研究改性层的表面组织形貌 ,成分分布、组织结构及硬度分布。     

Mo-Si系机械合金化的研究

利用透射电镜和X射线衍射技术研究了Mo-36.5％Si、Mo-45％Si和Mo-66.7％Si混合粉在机械合金化过程中的相结构变化,经长时间球磨后,这3种粉都可以转变为非晶;不同成分混合粉的中间产物并不相同,中间产物的差异导致了不同成分的Mo-Si系相结构变化的机制不同,Mo-36.5％Si的非晶化过程是首先形成亚稳相的过饱和固溶体,然后形成了非晶,此时,Mo和Si原子的尺寸因素是非晶转变的决定因素,Mo-45％Si和Mo-66.5％Si混合粉则是首先形成了金属间化合物,后形成了非晶相,此时,缺陷为非晶转变的决定因素。     

微合金化Al3Ti基金属间化合物的组织性能研究

本文研究了在Ｆｅ、Ｃｒ、Ｍｎ合金化的Ａｌ３Ｔｉ基金属间化合物中添加微量元素Ｍｇ所起微合金化的作用。结果发现，Ａｌ３Ｔｉ基合金仍保持了ＬＩ２的有序结构，微合金化处理的材料金相显微组织与Ｆｅ、Ｃｒ、Ｍｎ等元素合金化处理的材料基本一致，在基体上分布着少量的待定第二相组织，屈服强度明显有所提高，但塑性依然很差，断口表现为穿晶解理。     

机械合金化Ti/Al合金的制备

采用多维摆动式球磨机机械合金化Ti/Al二元粉末,研究了机械合金化过程中粉末结构的变化。Ti/Al混合粉末经高能球磨后,颗粒尺寸下降,Ti、Al晶粒各自逐渐细化至纳米级尺寸,且部分形成非晶,球磨15h后发现了TiAl和Ti3Al金属间化合物。将机械合金化后的粉末进行放电等离子烧结,烧结试样的组成相主要为TiAl和Ti3Al。     

烧结温度对Al_3Ni金属间化合物增强铝基复合材料力学性能的影响

通过粉末冶金原位合成法制备Al3Ni金属间化合物增强铝基复合材料。采用X射线衍射,扫描电镜,硬度测试和压缩强度测试,研究烧结温度对复合材料微观结构和力学性能的影响。结果表明:在铝基体中成功获得了均匀分布的金属间化合物Al3Ni增强相;随烧结温度从570℃上升到590℃,复合材料的密度从2.435 g/cm-3上升到2.990 g/cm-3,维氏硬度从~24升高到~37;经590℃烧结制备的复合材料表现出了高的压缩强度(255 MPa)和伸长率(~40%)。     

金属间化合物Ni3Al的孔隙度与造孔剂含量的关系

以NaCl为造孔剂,在粉末压制压力为600 MPa、烧结温度600℃保温3 h、801℃保温1 h、1 000℃保温1 h的工艺条件下,用元素粉末法制备多孔Ni3Al金属间化合物。研究造孔剂添加量与多孔Ni3Al金属间化合物的孔隙度之间的关系,推导出孔隙度与造孔剂添加量之间的数学关系,在该特定的工艺条件下,Ni3Al的孔隙度θ与NaCl的添加量w之间的关系为1/（1-θ）=1.260 8＋3.9235 8[w/（1-w）]。     

Abrasive Performance of Chromium Carbide Reinforced Ni3Al Matrix Composite Cladding

The Microstructure and room temperature abrasive wear resistance of chromium carbide reinforced NiM3Al matrix composite cladding at different depth on nickel base alloy were investigated. The results showed that there is a great difference in microstructure and wear resistance of the Ni3 Al matrix composite at different depth. Three kinds of tests, designed for different load and abrasive size, were used to understand the wear behaviour of this material. Under all three wear conditions, the abrasion resistance of the composite cladding at the depth of 6 mm, namely NC-M2, was much higher than that of the composite cladding at the depth of 2 mm, namely NC-M1. In addition, the wear-resistant advantage of NC-M2 was more obvious when the size of the abrasive was small. The relative wear resistance of NC-M2 increased from 1.63 times to 2.05 times when the size of the abrasive decreased from 180 μm to 50μm. The mierostructure of the composite cladding showed that the size of chromium carbide particles, which was mainly influenced by cooling rate of melting pool, was a function of distance from the interface between the coating and substrate varied gradually. The chromium carbide particles near the interface were finer than that far from inter-face, which was the main reason for the different wear resistance of the composite cladding at different depth.     

Al2O3粉末对MA-SPS制备Fe3Al材料显微组织的影响

采用机械活化-放电等离子烧结(MA-SPS)方法制备了Fe3Al材料,使用X射线衍射仪和电子显微镜对球磨粉体和烧结块体进行了研究。球磨之前加入纳米Al2O3粉末可以有效地细化烧结材料的显微组织,提高其力学性能。加入2%～5%(质量分数,以下同)Al2O3时,对显微组织的细化作用明显,材料的显微硬度提高,超过5%时,孔隙度上升,显微硬度下降。     

Ti3Al对TiCu15Ni15钎料组织的影响

分别以0％，25％，50％，75％，100％比例的Ti3A1替换TiCu15Ni15中Ti，对所得的钎料进行组织形貌及成分分析。研究结果表明：钎料合金由先结晶低Cu，Ni含量相和后结晶的高Cu，Ni含量相组成，随TiaAl增加。低Cu，Ni含量相减少，高Cu，Ni含量相增加，同时由于Nb含量增加，背散射图像发生变化，先结晶相由灰色逐渐变为亮白色，后结晶相成分偏析增加，先结晶高Nb相为灰色，后结晶低Nb相为黑色，至5^#合金形态发生显著变化，灰色相由块团状变为短条或片状，其中央为白色边缘为灰色，这将引起性能变化。     

Abrasive performance of the chromium carbide reinforced Ni3Al matrix composite cladding in different depth

 The Microstructure and room-temperature abrasive wear resistance of chromium carbide reinforced Ni3Al matrix composite cladding in different depth on nickel base alloy were investigated. The results showed that there is a great difference in microstructure and wear resistance of the Ni3Al matrix composite in different depth. Three kinds of tests, designed for different load and abrasive’ size, were utilized to understand the wear behaviour of this material. Under all three wear conditions, the abrasion resistance of the composite cladding in the depth of 6mm, namely NC-M2, was much higher than that of the composite cladding in the depth of 2mm, namely NC-M1. In addition, the wear-resistant advantage of NC-M2 was more obvious when the size of the abrasive was small. The relative wear resistance of NC-M2 increased from 1.63 times to 2.05 times when the size of the abrasive decreased from 180μm to 50μm. The microstructure of the composite cladding showed that the size of chromium carbide particles, which was mainly influenced by cooling rate of melting pool, as a function of distance from the interface between the coating and substrate was gradual. The chromium carbide particles near the interface were finer than that away from interface, which was the main reason for the different wear resistance of the composite cladding in different depth.     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of PM Ni56Fe19Al25 alloy

Abstract

Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis were used to study microstructure and mechanical properties of PM Ni₅₆Fe₁₉Al₂₅ alloy. The results indicate that as sintered specimen is (β+γ) dual phase structure, and its density is 6·54 g cm^?3 (the relative density is 94·0%), tensile strength is 771 MPa and the total strain is 4·3%. As quenched specimen presents a large superelasticity with the maximum recovery strain of 4·5%, and its tensile strength is 850 MPa and the total strain is 9·2%. The fracture modes of Ni₅₆Fe₁₉Al₂₅ alloy is transgranular, intergranular and tough mixed type.