旋转导向钻井稳定平台前馈模糊算法研究

稳定平台控制系统是调制式旋转导向钻井系统的关键,提出采用前馈模糊算法实现对稳定平台的控制,设计的二维模糊控制器可确定模糊变量的隶属度函数及控制规则,并利用MATLAB软件进行仿真.仿真试验表明稳定平台前馈模糊控制系统在钻井参数较大范围内变化,参数扰动及负载扰动都具有良好的稳定性、自适应性、鲁棒性和抗干扰能力.     

扰动分离自抗扰控制在光电稳定平台上的应用

针对当前光电稳定平台伺服系统中扰动抑制能力不足的问题,提出一种扰动分离自抗扰控制（DSADRC）算法。扰动分离自抗扰控制充分利用工程实际中可获取到的部分已知的光电稳定平台模型信息及经典控制中的控制器信息,并将其加入到自抗扰控制的设计中。该算法通过减少光电稳定平台系统中的总扰动量,增加系统的扰动观测精度及扰动抑制能力。同时,通过算法设计实现了经典控制器的复用,减少了设计工作量。仿真实验结果表明:在控制器相同、扰动条件相同的情况下,扰动分离自抗扰控制阶跃响应调节时间减少58.8%,上升时间减少26.5%,且无超调量;在1V2Hz等效扰动下,系统稳态精度提高51.5%,系统性能提升效果明显。在实物验证实验中,对于不同频率的等效扰动,相比PID控制,扰动分离自抗扰控制稳态精度提升50%以上,有效地提高了光电稳定平台的稳态精度。     

基于自抗扰控制半潜平台动力定位控制器设计

本文采用自抗扰控制技术,设计了半潜式平台动力定位控制器.跟踪微分器实现给了平台定位置的快速稳定跟踪;非线性扩张观测器能进行平台运动位置、速度和系统扰动的估计,通过非线性反馈控制对系统总扰动进行补偿,实现了平台定位的精确控制.经仿真实验验证：该控制器具有响应快、精度高、稳定性好,抗干扰能力强、鲁棒性强等优点.     

双站合成孔径雷达随机扰动误差分析

根据双站合成孔径雷达飞行平台的运动特点,分析了随机扰动误差对双站正侧视SAR成像的影响,推导出了载体平台沿理想航线方向扰动和横向扰动情况下的图像位移准则和分辨率准则,以及振动情况下控制图像对比度损失的限制条件,并对这些结果进行了分析,得出了相关结论,这对双站SAR的工程实践具有重要的指导意义.     

旋转导向钻井稳定平台前馈模糊算法研究

稳定平台控制系统是调制式旋转导向钻井系统的关键,提出采用前馈模糊算法实现对稳定平台的控制,设计的二维模糊控制器可确定模糊变量的隶属度函数及控制规则,并利用MATLAB软件进行仿真。仿真试验表明稳定平台前馈模糊控制系统在钻井参数较大范围内变化,参数扰动及负载扰动都具有良好的稳定性、自适应性、鲁棒性和抗干扰能力。     

光电稳瞄平台基于自抗扰的改进内模控制

为了提高光电稳瞄平台的扰动补偿能力,提出了一种基于自抗扰的改进内模控制策略.以经电流环化简后的方位轴速度环为控制对象,采用内模控制给定系统期望输出轨迹,将基于自抗扰的鲁棒控制律引入到内模控制结构中降低模型误差和外部扰动对系统的影响,提高抗扰动能力.给出了所提出控制器的设计方法与闭环控制系统结构,仿真对比实验验证了所提策...     

小型红外成像制导稳定平台控制算法研究

针对小型稳定平台转动惯量小易受冲击力矩扰动影响制导精度的问题,先对稳定平台的力矩刚度进行分析,根据分析结果对传感器与执行机构进行选型。然后利用经典控制理论为速率闭环设计了普通PID控制器。通过分析普通PID控制的不足,对其进行抗饱和积分、适时不完全微分与非线性优化,在此基础上引入对误差变化率的观测量,针对大冲击力矩扰动设计了专家PID控制器。最后利用dSPACE搭建的半实物仿真平台对算法进行仿真测试,测试结果表明专家PID控制减小了冲击扰动造成的角速率误差与角位置误差,使稳定平台具有更好的动态力矩刚度。     

基于钝化微分的压电微动平台PID控制

为避免压电微动平台在工作过程中受到扰动或冲击,采用改进比例、积分、微分(PID)控制器对其进行控制。首先,在平台的PID控制器中引入低通滤波器,以降低微分环节对扰动或冲击的敏感性(即使微分环节对扰动或冲击产生钝化效应),进而设计出了压电微动平台的改进PID控制器;接着,基于所搭建的压电微动平台位移测量系统,实验验证了所设计的钝化微分PID控制器的效果。实验结果表明,在钝化微分PID控制作用下,平台具有较快的响应,达到5μm阶跃目标的响应时间为0.3s,无超调;平台的定位误差显著减小,在跟踪最大值为15.25μm的变幅值三角波时,定位误差中线由无控制时的-0.7～1.2μm减小为-0.1～0.1μm。     

APT系统外场动态模拟实验的设计与分析

设计了3.4km的外场空间激光通信实验,测试了捕获、对准、跟踪(APT)系统在室外机动平台下的性能.实验通过一维旋转平台模拟了机动平台对光束的扰动,实验数据表明,APT系统在大气湍流和旋转平台扰动的情况下,仍然能对光束运动进行有效抑制.     

改进型滑模扰动观测器的感应电机控制系统

针对传统PI调节器在负载剧烈突变时控制性能不佳及使用传统滑模观测器抖振严重的问题,文中以感应电机为研究对象,提出了一种基于滑模观测器和传统PI调节器的扰动实时补偿方案。通过改进型的扰动观测器对系统扰动进行实时观测估算,将估算出的扰动反馈至PI调节器进行前馈补偿,从而有效提高电机控制性能,改善抖振现象。文中搭建了基于MATLAB的仿真平台和TMS320F28335 DSP的实验平台,对所研究的改进滑模观测器扰动前馈补偿方法与常规单PI调节、常规滑模观测器扰动补偿进行了对比分析。该结果验证了所提方案的有效性与可行性,速度超调量优化了0.5%,响应时间为30 ms。     

Modeling and control of a six-axis precision motion control stage

This work presents a newly developed six-axis magnetic suspension stage for precision motion control. The designed travel volume is 4/spl times/4/spl times/2 mm in translation and 1/spl deg//spl times/1/spl deg//spl times/2/spl deg/ in rotation. A dynamic model of the feedback linearized and uncoupled stage is developed for the purpose of motion control. Model parameter variations are demonstrated through closed-loop system identification. In motion control, a parameter variation model is proposed in conjunction with a reduced order observer to compensate the joined effect of disturbance, modeling error, and cross coupling. Experimental results in terms of positioning stability, motion resolution, rotational motion control, model regulation, large travel multiaxis contouring, and disturbance rejection are shown. Uniform positioning stability and invariant dynamic response within the designed travel volume are illustrated.     

Ultra precision motion control of a multiple degrees of freedommagnetic suspension stage

A general framework for ultra precision motion control of magnetic suspension actuation systems with large travel ranges in multiple degrees of freedom (DOF) is presented. It encompasses the development of nonlinear electromagnetic force model for 6-DOF actuation, and the design of the necessary control architecture for ultra precision motion control of magnetic suspension actuation systems. A 6-DOF magnetic suspension stage (MSS) was designed and fabricated to illustrate the developed framework. The MSS consists of multiple electromagnets that are located around the flotor and are utilized to suspend and modulate its position and orientation. The control architecture takes the six control parameters provided by a laser measuring system and intends to control the 6-DOF motion by regulating the current in the electromagnets. The developed robust nonlinear control architecture consists of three components: 1) feedback linearization; 2) force distribution; and 3) H_∞ robust controllers for each DOF of motion. Several experiments are designed to illustrate the desired characteristics of the developed system     

State-feedback decoupling control of 5-DOF magnetic bearings based on α-order inverse system

In the face of magnetic bearing rotor system multivariable, nonlinear, strong coupling control problems, a novel control decoupling method based on inverse system state feedback decoupling theory for the five degree of freedom of active magnetic bearing is presented. It solved the problem of ignoring the limitation of control parameters in conventional control methods. In this paper, the rigid body dynamics model of magnetic suspension rotor is established and the linearization is carried out. In this study, a decoupling pseudo-linear system is constituted by cascading the α-order inverse system based on the state-feedback with the original system. Moreover, in order to improve the robustness of the whole system and reject the influence of the un-modeled dynamics, the internal model controller is designed to synthesize the whole system. Both simulations and experiments demonstrate the effectiveness in decoupling of magnetically-levitated rotor system, and the disturbance rejection of proposed control scheme can be enhanced compared with un-decoupled control schemes.     

Characteristics of superconductive magnetic suspension and propulsion for high-speed trains

Theoretical analyses are carried out on a magnetic suspension and a linear synchronous motor, both utilizing superconducting magnets. The derived theory is applied to the studies of the high-speed train models. In the suspension system investigated here, the roadbed is equipped with normal conducting coils. The magnetic lift force is found to be pulsating, and a design criterion for eliminating the pulsation components in the lift force is derived. An improved suspension system is proposed, which consists of a "ladder-type conductor" in the roadbed. This new system is investigated theoretically. An end effect of the suspension system is also studied. In the linear synchronous motor, the methods of minimizing reaction forces are derived. The combined magnetic suspension and propulsion system is analyzed. It is found that the influence of the track loops for the suspension on the linear synchronous motor is not very significant.     

One-dimensional position measurement for large-gap magneticsuspension system

This paper presents a one-dimensional position measurement for a suspended object in a large-gap magnetic suspension system which allows wider range of control. The position measurement system uses a linear photosensor array to detect the position of the suspended object. The proposed measurement is simple, effective, and less expensive than other methods in large-gap magnetic suspension systems     

High temperature superconducting magnetic levitation train

With the improvement in both materials and processing techniques, very large-grained YBa₂Cu₃O₇ samples with overall dimension of 4×12×12 mm³ were produced. Each sample was capable of levitating over a kilogram in weight. A high temperature superconducting magnetic-suspension (levitation) train prototype was constructed using the YBa₂Cu₃O₇ samples, to validate the concept of using an HTS Meissner effect magnetic suspension system. Measurements on important magnetic suspension parameters, such as relative suspension stability and suspension force, as well as magnetic field intensity and distribution are reported and discussed.     

Design and analysis of a novel tunable optical filter

In this paper, an improved design of a tunable optical filter device which is driven by a piezoelectric actuator is proposed. The device can be used either as a tunable optical filter for discrete wavelength alignment or as a dynamic optical filter. The tunable filter is electrostatically driven and consists of three main parts: The electromechanical stage, the suspension and the thin film optical filter. The electromechanical stage and the suspension were designed using graph presentation methods, studied numerically using the finite element method (FEM). The thin film optical filter was designed by a thin film design software. The electromechanical stage was integrated with the suspension and tested as an angular driver of thin-film tilt interference filter for dense-wavelength division demultiplexing system applications.     

Robust disturbance rejection for improved dynamic stiffness of a magnetic suspension stage

Magnetic suspension is an attractive approach in realizing ultraprecision multiple-degree-of-freedom actuation for precision engineering. However, improving the dynamic stiffness of magnetic-suspension systems is an engineering challenge due to their noncontact nature. Two disturbance rejection algorithms that improve the dynamic stiffness of a magnetic-suspension stage (MSS) are presented in this paper. For rejection of narrow-band disturbances with unknown frequencies, an internal model principle-based control together with a frequency estimation algorithm based on adaptive-notch filtering is proposed. A chattering-free sliding mode (CFSM) disturbance rejection algorithm is developed in order to reject wide-band disturbances. The CFSM disturbance rejection scheme includes a continuous approximation of the switching function to avoid chattering, an integral control term to reduce the switching magnitude, and a derivative control term to elevate the bandwidth of disturbance rejection. Experimental results verified that the disturbances can be effectively rejected with the two developed algorithms. Consequently, the dynamic stiffness of the MSS is greatly improved.     

基于电力电子技术的DSP磁悬浮系统

主要讨论由DSP为核心构建的磁悬浮系统,并详细分析控制系统的两个关键要素:主控器和悬浮驱动器。在设计中,这两部分采用数字处理芯片TMS320VC5402和H型两象限桥式悬浮斩波器。并分析了具体数字实现中应注意的问题。