VGT turbocharger controlled by an adaptive technique

This paper provides an adaptive technique for the control of the variable geometry turbine in a turbocharged compression ignition engine. The adaptive control is based on a one-step-ahead (OSA) technique and a least-square parameter estimator algorithm. In order to test the performance of the proposed control technique, a numerical model of the engine has been developed, which employs a thermodynamic (zero-dimensional) approach. The paper will show that the OSA technique is able to improve dramatically the control performance with respect to that provided by a commonly applied proportional integral derivative control technique.     

Optimal scheduling techniques for cluster tools with process-module and transport-module residency constraints

This paper discusses two scheduling techniques for dual-arm cluster tools that address both process-module and transport-module residency constraints and throughput requirements. The first technique is the extension of our previous work that only addressed process-module residency constraints. For cases with long process times, this technique can take a long time to find the solution and is not practical. Hence, we use this algorithm mainly as a benchmark for comparison. The second technique that uses a linear programming technique with use of several heuristics can find the optimal solution very efficiently. Analytical and experimental analysis of this technique shows the correctness, completeness and efficiency of this technique.     

Euclidean orthogonal data transmission

A technique for data transmission using basis waveforms in a Euclidean space is presented. An example is used to demonstrate that this technique can give performance superior to that of the duobinary technique.     

一种改进的DSSS系统的码捕获技术

针对低信噪比条件下直接序列扩频(DSSS)系统的码捕获问题,提出了差分非相干累加的PN码捕获技术。研究了差分相干与差分非相干码捕获技术的工作性能,仿真结果表明,差分非相干码捕获技术具有更强的抗载波频偏能力。在此基础上,克服调制数据对码捕获的影响,提出了一种改进的差分非相干码捕获技术,即差分非相干累加的码捕获技术。仿真研究证明了差分非相干累加码捕获技术比差分非相干码捕获技术有4 dB的改善,其更能适应低信噪比条件工作。     

Web动态查询技术

Web技术是一项很新的技术，它不仅为Internet的广泛普及起到关键性的作用，而且还在Intranet、电子商务等其他相关计算机网络应用技术发展中起到关键作用，目前它已成为计算机网络应用的一个主要技术，尤其重要的技术是Web动态技术。     

Error Analysis of the Kmetz/Maenner Algorithm

Use of low-precision logarithms can minimize power consumption and increase the speed of multiply-intensive signal-processing systems, such as FIR filters. Although straight table lookup is the most obvious way to compute the logarithm, Maenner claims to have discovered a technique that produces four extra bits at no cost. We analyze Maenner's technique and show that in fact the technique provides only one extra bit of precision. A related technique by Kmetz, which has never been analyzed before, is shown here to be more accurate than Maenner's. We compare these techniques to the more complex bipartite technique, and show that Kmetz's technique takes less memory for systems requiring fewer than ten bits of precision.     

应用基于抽象机的动态翻译设计Java处理器

本文提出了一种基于硬件抽象机的动态翻译技术,它可用于实现Java处理器.该技术采用了硬件抽象机的"模糊执行"(HAM)方法,通过分析Java程序之间的相关性,动态地将Java字节码转换成基于标签的类RISC指令.然后,将堆栈折叠与动态翻译相结合进一步优化指令.应用该技术设计了一个Java指令级并行处理器,并且扩展它,支持Java多线程功能.     

A power efficient gain enhancing technique for current mirror operational transconductance amplifiers

In this paper, a power efficient voltage gain enhancing technique is described. This technique is suitable for the amplifiers which use current starving method for gain enhancement (explained in the text). The proposed technique makes use of the current which conventionally goes to ground, through a parallel path. In this paper, the new technique is demonstrated for current mirror type of operational transconductance amplifier (OTA). Simulation results show that gain improves by a factor ~2, while consuming the same power as conventional OTA. The added advantage of this technique is that it does not affect the voltage swing while increasing the gain. Compared to the conventional current starving technique, the proposed technique also improves the noise performance and settling speed of the amplifier. The results are compared with the conventional technique, in terms of gain, settling and noise performance. A comparison of FoM (MHz.pF/mA), with other amplifiers, is given at the end as well.     

A new diagnostic test for operating margin problems in LSI memory

A new diagnostic test technique for operating margin problems in LSI memory has been developed that makes it possible to distinguish the failed circuit block exactly even if plural failed blocks exist. This method consists of two techniques using a newly developed time domain method (TDM). One is a technique that divides the multiple failure due to the plural failed circuit blocks into single failures. The other is a technique that distinguishes the single failure mode and then locates the failed circuit block. Moreover, a detailed diagnostic technique, combining bit mapping with the new diagnostic test technique, has also been developed. This technique enables distinguishing the failure mode more precisely. It is shown that 50 percent of the distinguished failure modes have 1-block resolution and 33 percent of them have 2-block resolution. For practical purposes, the failed circuit block can almost be distinguished with 1-block resolution by investigating the failure modes in connection with the physical layout.     

A novel ensembled technique for anomaly detection

Anomaly detection is a technique that works to detect those instances of data that do not comply with the data model. In this paper the problem of anomaly detection in networked traffic data is considered, and a novel ensembled technique for anomaly detection is proposed. The proposed technique uses a combination of fuzzy K‐means clustering algorithm, extended Kalman filter, and support vector machines to detect the anomalies. In the proposed technique, fuzzy membership functions are used instead of crisp clusters to compute the best set of features by fuzzy k‐means algorithm. These features are then optimized with a nonlinear Bayesian approach known as extended Kalman filter. The resultant optimized set of features is then provided as an input to the support vector machine classifier that detects the network anomalies. The proposed technique is validated by using 2 benchmark datasets, ie, DARPA 1998 and KDD CUP 1999. Experimental results indicate that the proposed technique performs quite well as compared to its traditional counterparts in accuracy, detection rate, false positive rate, and F‐score.     

Utilizing a novel root companding transform technique to reduce PAPR in OFDM systems

One major defect in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing systems is the high peak‐to‐average power ratio (PAPR) at the transmitter. The linear nonsymmetrical transform (LNST) technique, one of the companding transform (CT) techniques for PAPR reduction, offers excellent performance, but requires additional side information. In this paper, a new ‘root CT’ technique without additional side information is proposed, and it can reach a good trade‐off between the PAPR reduction and the bit error rate (BER). The theoretical analysis of the proposed root technique is also derived. The simulation results show that the proposed root CT technique can achieve more efficient PAPR reduction and better power spectrum density than those of the LNST technique. The BER of the proposed CT technique without additional side information is close to that of the LNST technique with additional side information when the AWGN or multipath fading channels are considered. Furthermore, the simulation results also demonstrate that the proposed technique offers better performance than that of the µ‐law technique over the AWGN and multipath fading channels. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A single-piece C∞-continuous MOSFET modelincluding subthreshold conduction

A simple yet powerful technique that transforms regional compact (algebraic) MOSFET models into single-piece C_∞-continuous models is introduced. The technique significantly improves MOSFET models by removing kinks and glitches at the boundaries between the subthreshold, triode, and saturation regions of operation. In addition, the technique adds subthreshold conduction modeling to models that lack such a capability. The authors show the technique by extending a simple MOSFET model, which is three piece and does not model subthreshold conduction, to become a single-piece model that includes subthreshold conduction     

Reconstruction of nonuniform transmission lines from time-domainreflectometry

A novel technique is developed to reconstruct the physical structures of a nonuniform transmission line from its time-domain or frequency-domain reflection (scattering) coefficient. This technique takes the past history of reflection processes of nonuniform line into considerations, and its accuracy exceeds that of a conventional time-domain reflectometry (TDR) technique. Experimental results are presented to illustrate the validity of this reconstruction technique     

Modeling non-linear power electronic circuits with thetransmission-line modeling technique

This paper describes a nonlinear transmission line modeling technique that can be employed to model power electronic circuits. The nonlinearities that can be dealt with also include the switching action of the power devices as well as the nonlinear behavior of saturable inductors and multilayer capacitors. With this new nonlinear technique, the transmission line modeling technique can now be used as a generalized discrete-time modeling tool for power electronic circuits. The nonlinear technique is demonstrated in two examples and the simulations are found to be satisfactory     

A new technique for determining long-term TDDB accelerationparameters of thin gate oxides

A new technique, the dual voltage versus time curve (V-t) integration technique, is presented as a much faster method to obtain time-dependent dielectric breakdown (TDDB) acceleration parameters (α and τ) of ultrathin gate oxides compared to conventional long-term constant voltage stress tests. The technique uses V-t curves measured during highly accelerated constant or ramped current injection breakdown tests. It is demonstrated that the technique yields acceleration parameters that are statistically identical to values obtained from long-term constant voltage TDDB tests. In contrast to traditional TDDB tests, the proposed technique requires over an order of magnitude less testing time, a smaller sample size, and can be used during production monitoring     

Technique to improve linearity of transconductor with bias offset voltages controlling a tail current

Considering mobility degradation, a transfer characteristic of the transconductor using bias offset technique becomes nonlinear. Proposed is a technique to cancel the nonlinearity controlling a tail current. Using the proposed technique, the transconductance error is improved to 1/50 of that of the conventional circuit.     

Modeling of thin dielectric structures using the finite-differencetime-domain technique

The finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) technique is applied to scattering problems involving thin dielectric sheets, conductor-backed dielectric sheets, and conductor-backed dielectric sheets containing cracks in the dielectric material. A smart cell technique is developed that enables these geometries to be modeled with a spatial grid that is much larger than the dielectric slab and crack widths. This technique is computationally more efficient than the `brute force' (or ordinary) FDTD approach, which must use cells small enough to resolve the dielectric sheets. Numerical results are presented which show that this technique yields accurate scattering results at a large savings in computational resources     

Radar target identification using a combined early-time/late-timeE-pulse technique

The E-pulse technique has been applied in the past to both the early- and the late-time components of a transient radar response. While the late-time E-pulse technique uses aspect-independent waveforms, the early-time E-pulse technique requires a separate waveform for each target aspect angle and thus significantly more storage and processing time. This paper discusses a combination of the two techniques that employs the early-time technique to remove ambiguities generated from application of the late-time method. By narrowing the possible range of aspect angles of the potential targets, the early-time technique can be employed more efficiently