Hydrogen diffusivity in aluminium measured by a glow discharge permeation method

The diffusion coefficient of hydrogen in aluminium has been determined in the temperature range between 446 and 681 K by a glow discharge permeation method which enables us to extend the temperature range of measurements by enhancement of the permeation flux in spite of the small equilibrium solubility of hydrogen in solid aluminium. The temperature dependence of the diffusion coefficient of hydrogen in aluminium shows a linear Arrhenius relationship with the pre-exponential factor (6.1 ± 0.5) × 10⁻⁵ m² s⁻¹ and with the activation energy (54.8 ± 0.4) kJmol⁻¹. These values are higher than those estimated by several previous authors with hydrogen evolution techniques in high temperature regions. However, the present values are well consistent with the results by Ishikawa and McLellan using an electrolytic permeation method around room temperature, suggesting that hydrogen atoms in aluminium diffuse by the interstitial mechanism in the whole temperature range.     

The application of a glow discharge mass spectrometer in the steel industry

With the VG 9000 glow discharge mass spectrometer (GDMS), major, minor, and trace elemental constituents in conducting and semiconducting materials can be measured directly. The instrument has been developed by a combination of two well founded and proven techniques; namely, a glow discharge cell for the production of ions and a double focussing mass spectrometer designed for high resolution and high sensitivity. The glow discharge cell offers the advantage that the sputtering action and the subsequent ionisation which occur, lead to minimal matrix dependency and a narrow range of sensitivity factors across the entire periodic table. The VG 9000 GDMS has been sucessfully employed to analyse a wide range of materials including steel. For most elements the detection limits are in the ppb range. Carbon, nitrogen and oxygen have been analysed successfully to ppm concentration levels. The glow discharge mass spectrometry has considerable potential for the steel industry, offering a high level of precision together with high speed of operation.     

镀锡板镀层的辉光放电光谱法解析

利用辉光放电光谱法对镀锡板样品进行逐层剥离,根据样品由表至里的辉光放电积分图谱,分别设定公式积分计算镀锡板镀层厚度及质量、钝化层厚度及质量、基板成分、镀层中有害元素等。采用辉光放电光谱对镀锡板做深度-时间图,可知镀锡层的深度分辨率低于基板铁层。将方法应用于测定镀层质量、钝化层质量、基板成分(碳、硅、锰、磷、硫、镍、铬和铜)的测定,相对标准偏差分别不大于2.3%(n=10)、3.0%(n=10)、4.3%(n=5),分别将实验方法测定结果与X射线荧光光谱法(XRF)、光度法、电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)进行比对,结果基本一致。采用实验方法对镀锡板镀层中的有害元素进行了测定,可实现镀锡板多个检测项目的同时测定。     

辉光放电质谱分析技术的应用进展

简单介绍了辉光放电质谱(GDMS)的基本原理。对辉光放电质谱在块状金属、半导体、非导体、溶液、气体和深度分析方面的应用进行了综述。块状金属和半导体的痕量元素分析为GDMS主要的应用,它们的研究报道众多;对非导体材料的分析扩宽了GDMS的应用范围;同时尝试采用GDMS对溶液和气体样品进行分析;GDMS作为一种重要的深度分析方法,相关的应用迅速增加。最后展望了辉光放电质谱的发展趋势。     

辉光放电光谱分析技术的应用进展

简单介绍了辉光放电光谱(GD-OES)的基本原理。对2000-2015年间辉光放电光谱在冶金行业、环境与有机物领域以及材料表面分析方面的应用进行了综述。钢铁材料与有色金属样品的成分分析为GD-OES的主要应用,有众多的研究报道;对于环境与有机物领域中的粉末与颗粒样品、液体样品以及气体与挥发性样品,GD-OES分别有相关分析应用尝试;同时,GD-OES作为一种重要的深度分析方法,在金属合金镀层、工艺处理层、纳米级薄层、有机涂层等材料表面分析方面都有具体的应用。对GD-OES的国内外标准进行了介绍。最后展望了辉光放电光谱的发展趋势。     

辉光放电光谱法分析镀锌钢板产品

利用辉光放电光谱法分析不同种类的镀锌板产品热镀锌板和电镀锌板的镀层定量分析;在锌铁合金化热镀锌板上界面定量计算方法的设计;锌铁合金化热镀锌板表面问题的发现.实验结果表明,辉光放电光谱法是配合镀锌板产品质量控制、研究开发的一种有效的分析手段.     

辉光放电质谱法测定高温合金中的痕量元素

研究了用辉光放电质谱法(GDMS)同时测定高温合金中的痕量元素.通过对分析元素同位素干扰情况的考察,对辉光放电参数如电流、电压、预溅射时间和积分时间的优化,建立了测定高温合金中B,P,Sc,Cu,Ga,Ge,As,Ag,In,Sn,Sb、Te,Hf,Tl,Pb和Bi共16种痕量元素的方法,该方法具有很好的准确度和精密度.     

Analysis of high-alloy steels: Mass spectra of glow discharge in argon

The types and concentrations of ion polyatomic clusters in glow discharge plasma are calculated in cathode sputtering of Kh13N10T stainless steel in argon. Mass spectra in the mass regions of elements used for microalloying of steels are interpreted. The calculations are performed for high gas background typical of pressured pellets of powder materials. The resolution of mass spectrometer that ensures the necessary detection limit for rare-earth and alkaline-earth elements, B, V, Zr, Nb, and Mo is discussed.     

辉光放电质谱法测定钢铁和高温合金中钼

阐述了用辉光放电质谱法（GDMS）测定钢铁和高温合金中钼元素的方法。详细研究了金属的氩化物CrAr+、FeAr+和NiAr+对钼同位素测定的干扰影响。通过选择不受干扰同位素、利用同位素的丰度比例关系扣除和建立校准曲线扣除等方法对干扰进行校正。方法用于中低合金钢、不锈钢和高温合金标准样品的测定,测定值与认定值相符,表明了已成功地消除了氩化物CrAr+、FeAr+和NiAr+干扰对钼测定的影响,实现了钼含量的准确测定。     

辉光放电原子发射光谱法测定镀锌薄板中多元素

镀锌薄板基体成分分析是确保其材质的重要基础技术.在厂家建立校准曲线的基础上,通过对辉光放电原子发射光谱法测定过程中的一些影响因素(如:激发电压、激发电流、光谱描迹与漂移校正、取样质量、试样表面质量、氩气纯度与流量)进行控制,实现了对镀锌薄板中多元素的测定.按照实验方法对3块低合金钢标准物质进行测定,测定值与认定值基本一...