实现粒度指标的磨矿过程智能优化控制系统

磨矿过程具有多变量、非线性、强耦合、大时滞、时变等综合复杂特征,其关键工艺指标磨矿粒度难以用常规控制方法进行直接控制。将基础控制、智能控制以及软测量技术相结合,构建了实现磨矿粒度指标的磨矿过程智能优化控制系统。该系统由基础控制系统、过程监控系统以及智能优化设定系统组成,具有设备顺序逻辑控制、回路控制、过程监控以及回路智能优化设定等功能。该系统已成功应用在某大型选矿厂的磨矿过程中,取得了显著效益,具有推广应用的前景。     

竖炉焙烧过程运行优化控制系统的开发及实验研究

为解决具有综合复杂动态特性的竖炉焙烧(shaft furnace roasting,SFR)过程运行优化控制问题,基于研制的流程工业一体化运行控制平台,开发了具有可伸缩、可扩展、可复用以及模块化、组态化特点的SFR过程运行优化控制(operational optimization control,OOC)系统.该系统支持MATLAB、动态链接库等多种算法实现方式,并采用非编译融合算法方式实现算法与系统功能模块的解耦.基于开发的OOC系统,建立了具有运行控制层、过程控制层以及虚拟对象层的半实物仿真实验平台,开展了相应的仿真实验研究.结果表明OOC系统在正常工况和局部故障工况下均能取得满意的控制性能.     

串联系统广义预测控制及在飞行控制中应用

给出了串联系统广义预测自校正控制器(CSGPC).通过求取两组丢番图方程,优化串联系统的多步预测控制目标函数获得控制律,并针对飞行控制系统的纵向通道控制进行了仿真研究,验证了这种控制方案的优良性能.串联系统是一种复杂的控制系统,存在于工业过程以及航空航天过程中.因此将预测控制推广到串联系统具有重要的应用价值,为飞行控制系统中应用预测控制理论提供了一种先进实用的方法.     

糖厂多效蒸发系统的机理建模与仿真

针对工业蒸发过程的大滞后、强耦合、非线性的特点,本文基于物料平衡方程与实际系统工况建立了多效蒸发系统的动态机理模型.仿真结果表明,该蒸发系统的机理模型能够较好的逼近实际系统,具有一定的可行性,并为后续的优化控制研究奠定了基础.     

基于粒子群优化的PID控制器设计与应用

研究优化控制器设计问题,工业过程控制中广泛使用的PID控制器,参数的选取可等效为优化问题.针对PID控制器应用于实际的自动电压调节器(AVR)系统,为了有效地寻找AVR系统的最佳PID控制器参数,提出一种基于粒子群算法的PID参数优化策略.通过建立粒子群优化的PID控制器参数模型,在控制过程中将PID参数(比例、积分、微分)作为粒子群中的粒子,采用控制误差绝对值时间积分函数作为优化目标,在控制过程中动态调整PID的三个控制参数,从而进行PID控制参数的实时优化.仿真结果表明PID控制器可以获得较好的控制性能指标,进而改善AVR系统的瞬时响应特性,具有一定的实用价值.     

抄纸过程定量水分控制仿真研究

抄纸过程定量水分系统既存在强耦合,又具有很大纯延迟;应用Bristol方法了对定量水分系统进行了解耦,对传统Smith预估控制进行了改进并对其鲁棒性进行了分析;提出一种基于Bristol解耦控制和改进Smith预估控制的定量水分优化控制方法,该方法同时解决了耦合和纯延迟两个问题;对直接反馈控制、Bristol解耦控制、改进Smith预估控制、解耦预估优化控制方法的控制效果进行了仿真和比较,结果表明该方法具有良好的控制效果;对解耦预估控制进行了鲁棒性仿真,证明该方法具有很强的鲁棒性,具有一定的工程应用价值.     

未知参数非线性系统的自适应广义预测控制

研究非线性系统的稳定性和跟踪优化问题,针对未知参数非线性系统的参数辨识和输出跟踪问题,给出参数自适应广义预测控制方法,为使辨识模型能实时反映被控对象特性以及输出对设定值的跟踪有较高精度.提出将非线性系统转化为受控自回归滑动平均模型,根据输入输出数据辨识模型参数.采用广义预测控制滚动优化的策略得出最优控制律,将最优控制律作用于对象实现非线性系统的优化控制以及系统输出对设定值的跟踪控制.明显克服了自适应控制对模型精度要求高的缺陷且具有在线辨识,滚动优化的特点.最后,通过仿真实例验证了方法的有效性.     

全局优化视角下的有色冶金过程建模与控制

为提高生产效率、降低能源消耗、减少环境污染,需要对有色冶金过程进行建模,在系统模型的基础上,通过控制与优化技术,使过程系统运行在最优工况.本文以几个典型有色冶金过程为背景,阐述有色冶金过程建模、控制与优化三者之间的内在关联;从科学研究层次的角度上指出建模、控制与优化分属于不同层次的问题,且从方法论的角度指出建模、控制分两步进行:选择模型结构和估计模型参数、选择控制器结构和整定控制器参数,有色冶金过程系统模型、控制器的结构和参数确定问题均可以看成是非凸优化问题;探讨了全局优化视角下,建模、控制问题转化为优化问题以及在求解优化问题过程中存在的难点,提出解决这些难点的一些可行方案.     

基于神经模糊模型的CSTR系统预测控制

针对具有高度非线性特性的连续搅拌反应釜(CSTR)控制过程,研究了基于神经模糊模型的预测控制策略.利用神经模糊模型预测CSTR系统在一定预测时段的输出,基于进化规划(EP)的优化算法,使用神经模糊模型的预测输出来确定输入序列,实现对CSTR的PH值跟踪控制,仿真结果表明该方法可以获得满意的跟踪控制效果.     

两级微机控制配料系统的实现

利用上、下两级计算机,构成新型微机自动配料系统.该系统具有自动数据采集、控制过程动态显示、配方优化、管理咨询等功能.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。