电路中反馈类型的简易判别法

反馈是电子电路中广泛采用的一项技术。本文从电路中是否存在反馈、正负反馈的作用、反馈方式的判别三方面对反馈电路进行了全面分析，并归纳出判断反馈类型简易可行的方法，帮助学生突破难点，能较为快速地对反馈类型作出正确判断，为该知识在电子技术中的进一步应用打下坚实基础。     

一种改进的DL-CoMP-MU有限反馈方案

为提高现有的 CoMP下行链路的反馈能力,降低反馈开销,利用匹配滤波器原理、采用认知的思想方法来判断使用合理的协作传输结构,同时利用基于信号干扰噪声比(SINR)反馈开销方案代替CQI信息以降低信息的反馈量,从而进一步减少反馈信息量化误差。仿真结果证明,改进后的反馈开销方案相比传统方案,在提升反馈信息精确度的基础上,进一步减小了反馈开销。     

基于多用户反馈的判决反馈均衡器的研究

本文提出的一种新颖的基于多用户反馈的判决反馈均衡器,解决了在CDMA多用户检测中传统自适应判决反馈均衡器误码率高、系统容量小的缺点.它由具有误差反馈滤波器的判决反馈均衡器(Decision Feedback Equalizer with Error Feedback Filter,DFE-EFF)构成,并在判决后反馈多用户数据抵消多址干扰(多用户反馈干扰抵消).文中给出其结构图,分析各种判决反馈均衡算法.理论证明,具有误差反馈滤波器的多用户反馈干扰抵消判决反馈均衡器(多用户反馈干扰抵消DFE-EFF)较各种判决反馈均衡器为最优,它能同时有效处理ISI,MAI和噪声的干扰.仿真结果表明,在误码率性能和系统容量两方面,多用户反馈干扰抵消DFE-EFF比DFE、DFE-EFF均有较大改善.     

反馈电路类型的判别分析

反馈在电子电路中的应用非常广泛,在电子技术中占有重要地位,正确判断反馈类型非常重要。本文就反馈电路包括直流反馈和交流反馈、正反馈和负反馈、串联反馈和并联反馈、电压反馈和电流反馈类型的判别作了较为深入分析,给出了不同电路反馈类型快速有效的判别方法,并结合图例作以说明。     

反馈型细胞神经网络稳定性研究

一个含有MN个细胞的反馈型细胞神经网络可以等效成一个非反馈连接网络;这一非反馈连接网络含有2MN个细胞、具有似镜象结构邻域和空间可变权重模板、输入权重模板为零。本文给出了反馈型细胞神经网络的稳定性定理,以及在似镜象结构邻域下的变换形式。     

对反馈放大电路类型判定方法的研究

反馈放大电路由基本放大电路和反馈网络组成,反馈桥梁是反馈网络的一部分或全部。反馈放大电路类型的判定方法是：反馈桥梁的一端连接在输出电压的＂上端＂（或＂下端＂）就形成电压（或电流）反馈,反馈桥梁的另一端连接输入信号的＂前端＂（或＂后端＂）就形成并联（或串联）反馈,再利用瞬时极性法确定使净输入量减小（或增大）的反馈为负反馈（或正反馈）。此方法能快速地判定出反馈放大电路的类型。     

“三步法”在反馈放大器类型判断中的应用

在电子线路中,为了改善线路的工作性能以及稳 定性,经常采用反馈放大器,一个反馈放大器是由基本 放大电路和反馈网络所组成,由于反馈网络与基本放 大器在输入、输出端的连接方式不同,反馈的类型也各 不相同。在这里,我为大家介绍一种反馈类型的判断方 法——“三步法”。供初学人员在学习中参考。     

一种可重构线性反馈移位寄存器设计

提出了一种可重构线性反馈移位寄存器的设计。在设计中,针对Fibonacci和Galois两种类型的反馈结构分别采用了可重构的设计,并且支持混合反馈结构,线性反馈移位寄存器反馈抽头和插入点可选,长度可变并且可以通过链接支持超长线性反馈移位寄存器。在XC5VLX30器件上实现延时为4.808ns,LUT和触发器的个数为2279和1575。能够用于伪随机序列生成等应用。     

放大电路中反馈类型的判断技巧

反馈是电子线路中的重要内容,反馈的类型判断包括交、直流反馈的判断,正、负反馈的判断,电压、电流反馈的判断,串联、并联反馈的判断,迅速,准确判断反馈的类型,有利于我们正确的分析电路的功能,有利于我们在电路设计中利用反馈来改善电路的性能。     

一种新的多用户分集系统信道量化与反馈算法

该文为了解决MIMO-OFDM系统中反馈信息占据大量无线资源的问题,提出一种新颖的信道量化与反馈算法,包括成簇、量化、反馈3个步骤。成簇利用频域相关性,将相邻子载波组成簇,以簇为基本反馈单元。量化考虑实际系统中可选调制方式的有限性,以量化信息表明簇内子载波可采用的调制方式。反馈通过簇排序和门限设置,只将部分具有竞争力的簇信息传送给基站。这种算法具有反馈信息量少、频谱效率损失小等特性,文中均有详细的理论推导,并通过仿真进行了验证。     

Influence of PVK ： NPB hole transporting layer on the characteristics of organic light-emitting devices

A doping system consisting of NPB and PVK is employed as a composite hole transporting layer （CHTL）. By adjusting the component ratio of the doping system, a series of devices with different concentration proportion of PVK ： NPB are constracted. The result shows that doping concentration of NPB enhances the competence of hole transporting ability, and modifies the recombination region of charge as well as affects the surface morphology of doped film. Optimum device with a maximum brightness of 7852 cd/m^2 and a power efficiency of 1.75 lm/W has been obtained by choosing a concentration proportion of PVK ： NPB at 1：3.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

Analysis of error performance on Turbo coded FDPIM

Due to variable symbol length of digital pulse interval modulation（DPIM）, it is difficult to analyze the error performances of Turbo coded DPIM. To solve this problem, a fixed-length digital pulse interval modulation（FDPIM） method is provided. The FDPIM modulation structure is introduced. The packet error rates of uncoded FDPIM are analyzed and compared with that of DPIM. Bit error rates of Turbo coded FDPIM are simulated based on three kinds of analytical models under weak turbulence channel. The results show that packet error rate of uncoded FDPIM is inferior to that of uncoded DPIM. However, FDPIM is easy to be implemented and easy to be combined, with Turbo code for soft-decision because of its fixed length. Besides, the introduction of Turbo code in this modulation can decrease the average power about 10 dBm, which means that it can improve the error performance of the system effectively.     

电磁兼容检测实验室测试系统相符性比对研究

电磁兼容测试结果与检测实验室可靠性程度直接相关,检测实验室自身质量是保证电磁兼容测试结果准确性先决条件,检测实验室测试系统相符性则成为电磁兼容系统性能评估中需要考虑的关键内容和重要指标。因此,检测实验室测试系统相符性比对是实现电磁兼容系统评估研究的基础工作之一。本文首先针对电磁兼容检测实验室测试系统相符性比对的特点,结合自己几年来的测试实践论述了电磁兼容检测实验室测试系统相符性对比方案,然后提出了具体的案例同时进行了详细的分析,最后总结出了影响电磁兼容检测实验室测试系统相符性因素,整个案例和分析过程及结果可作为电磁兼容检测实验室测试系统相符性比对的手段和依据,具有重要的现实指导意义。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Towards Mobile Ubiquitous Service Environment

In this article we present a perspective on future vision of mobile communications and services which is referred to as Mobile Ubiquitous Service Environment (MUSE). Based on analysis of wireless communications and services, we exploit a conceptual model for MUSE via a top-down approach. The conceptual model consists of three major elements: Terminal Service Environment (TSE), Network Service Environment (NSE) and User Identity (UID). The concept of Always the Best Experience (ABE) is addressed as the hinge in design and development such that the user-centric services could be provided automatically and intelligently in the future diverse wireless world Based on these, we further discuss the issues on design and implementation of architecture of future wireless communication system. Requirements for architecture brought by the new features of MUSE are listed. Moreover, we also address several tradeoffs that should be taken into consideration in design. Finally, the deployment challenges for MUSE, such as reflectiveness of system, security and privacy, as well as peer-to-peer AAA are predicted.Ji Yang received PhD degree on Circuit and System, Bachelor degree on Telecommunication Engineering from Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications (BUPT) in 2002 and 1993 respectively. Currently, he is an associate professor of BUPT, chief technical supervisor of Wireless Technology Innovation Institute, and vice manager of MTlab of Sino-Germany Software Institute. He leads the research on service and application in Future Forum in China. He also made much contribution to the China Communication Standardization Association (CCSA), including the vision of future Mobile Ubiquitous Service Environment, architecture of future B3G mobile terminal, etc. His research interests include architecture design for mobile ubiquitous networks, theory of self-organization, etc.Zhang Ping is now the professor of Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications and director of Wireless Technology Innovation (WTI) Institute, BUPT. He has also served on the senior member of C3G Group, China MOST 863 future mobile communication FuTURE project, vice-chairman of China FuTURE Forum, and member of Vision Committee of World Wireless Research Forum(WWRF), he was vice chair of WWRF in 2005. He is also invited as the consultants for many domestic and oversea communication companies. He is very active on the international research activity on Beyond 3G area. He also participated in several European projects such as E2R and MOCCA. Until now, he has published 6 books, around 400 publications in journals and conferences in the area of telecommunications. His main research interests are theory and applications in wireless communication area. He was awarded by government, city of Beijing and Ministry of Information Industry several times for his great contribution to the industry and research activity in China.Hu Zheng is a PH.D candidate in mobile communications engineering in Wireless Technology Innovation Institute (WTI) at Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications (BUPT). He received B.S degree from Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications in 2002, majoring in computer communications engineering. He currently works on serivce aspects of mobile ubiquitous communication system with focus on design and performance evaluation of interaction protocols and services in self-organized service environment.Wang Xu received the B.Tech. degree in electronic engineering from Beijing Polytechnic University (now named as Beijing University of Technology), Beijing, China, in 2002. Now he is working for his Ph.D. degree in Wireless Technology Innovation (WTI) Institute, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications (BUPT). His current interests include wireless communications in personal area, ad hoc networks and peer-to-peer system.Li Yinong received the BS degree major in Telecommunication Engineering in 1993 from Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, the MS degree and PhD degree major in Telecommunication and Electronic System in 1995 and 2003 from the Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications. He is currently a lecture of STE (School of Telecommunication Engineering) of BUPT. His main research interests include service modeling, service composition approach, and intelligent service. In BUPT, he has given several lectures to both graduate and undergraduate students such as Information Theory, Speech Recognition, Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence.     

Instantaneous envelope and phase extraction from real signals: Theory,implementation, and an application to EEG analysis

This paper presents a unified treatment of various important signal processing techniques for the extraction of the instantaneous envelope and phase of a real signal. These techniques include Complex Demodulation, Hilbert Transformation, In-Phase and In-Quadrature Filtering, Phase-Locked Loop Demodulation, and Peak Amplitude and Zero-Crossing Detection. The salient points in the mathematical theory and implementation of these techniques are outlined, as well as their interrelationships via the theory of analytic signals. The advantages and limitations of each of these techniques are elaborated upon, and Complex Demodulation is shown to be the most effective and flexible method from an implementation point of view. The relation of the above techniques to Fourier spectrum analysis is elucidated, and an example is presented of applying Complex Demodulation for the quantification of time nonstationarities in the electrographic morphology of an EEG waveform.     

Granular Films for Use as Thin-Film Resistors

Abstact  In this paper we discuss thin-film electrical resistors utilizing granular films of the type (Co,Ni)-(Al,Si)-O and their electrical resistive properties. Resistive properties of the granular film resistors drastically change with metal content and after annealing at 450°C. The values of temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) in the optimum metal content of the granular films were as low as those of conventional metallic alloy film resistors. The values of sheet resistance were much higher than those of conventional metallic alloy resistors. Therefore, granular films are useful for application to thin-film resistors with the goal of miniaturizing them.     

Energy-efficient resource allocation model for device-to-device communication in 5G wireless personal area networks

In general, there are several many devices that can overload the network and reduce performance. Devices can minimize interference and optimize bandwidth usage by using directional antennas and by avoiding overlapping communication ranges. In addition, devices need to carefully manage their use of resources, such as bandwidth and energy. Bandwidth is limited in wireless personal area networks (WPANs), so devices need to carefully select which data to send and receive. In this paper, an intelligent performance analysis of energy-efficient resource optimization model has been proposed for device-to-device (D2D) communication in fifth-generation (5G) WPAN. The proposed energy-efficient resource allocation in D2D communication is important because it helps reduce energy consumption and extend the lifespan of devices that are communicating with each other. By allocating resources in an efficient manner, communication between two devices can be optimized for maximum efficiency. This helps reduce the amount of energy needed to power the communication, as well as the amount of energy needed to power the device that is communicating with another device. Additionally, efficient resource allocation helps reduce the overall cost of communication, as the use of fewer resources results in a lower overall cost. The proposed efficient resource allocation helps reduce the environmental impact of communication, as less energy is used for communication. The proposed energy-efficient resource allocation model (EERAM) has reached 92.97% of energy allocation, 88.72% of power allocation, 87.79% of bandwidth allocation, 87.93% of spectrum allocation, 88.43% of channel allocation, 25.47% of end-to-end delay, 94.33% of network data speed, and 90.99% of network throughput.     

Analysis and evaluation of survivability of various configured communication networks

In this paper a new approach is proposed for analysing and comparatively evaluating communication network survivability under extreme conditions of the network elements. The approach is based not on the probability of network connectivity but on mathematical expectation of the number of survived connections. As the survivability of the network depends on its structural configuration (topology), the present work results in expressions for the calculation of mathematical expectation of the survived part of connections for various network configurations. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.