微型摆式发动机的总体设计

本文提出了一种专门为便携式发电系统提供源动力的微型摆式发动机，这种发动机以摆动形式输出动力。文中详细论述了它的结构设计方案、工作过程、结构特点，并给出了设计机型的性能参数。结果表明所设计的微型摆式发动机可行、有效。     

新型二冲程微型摆式内燃机气口参数设计的数学模型

二冲程微型摆式内燃机(MFPSE)是一种专门为便携式发电系统而设计的新型内燃装置。首先提出虚拟圆周运动概念来映射中心摆的摆动规律，并建立适合于研究该种内燃机气口比时面值的数学模型；然后，用所建的数学模型以及传统二冲程内燃机气口比时面值的统计规律，预测排气口和扫气口的几何参数。所提出的关于二冲程微型摆式内燃机气口参数设计的数学模型为该种内燃机进行数值分析和优化设计提供了基础。     

基于WINDOWS的微型燃气轮机实时智能监控系统

微型燃气轮机是一种新型的低排放的分布式发电装置，可广泛应用于分布式电站、冷热电联产以及混合电动汽车等领域。为对微型燃气轮机和动力电池组合进行混合动力应用试验研究，将微型燃气轮机与油耗仪、外接电池组和负载组成试验系统，通过控制发电机功率的数字功率控制器的用户维护串口，在Windows环境下开发监控程序，对微型燃气轮机运行状态参数，进行自动实时监控，并对发电功率进行自动调节。     

微型燃气轮机和分布式电源

微型燃气轮机是一种只有数十千瓦到近二百千瓦的超小型燃气轮机。虽然它也是一种燃气轮机，热力循环原理与一般燃气轮机同样都是白郎托循环，但因为它小，就带来很多与一般燃气轮机不同的特点，例如用单级、离(向)心式、特高速(5万-10万转／分)、不用油润滑的高速轴承和不用减速的高速逆变发电机等。因此在设计和结构上与一般燃气轮机有很大的不同，要特别研究。由于大电网安全方面的不完备性，世界发达国家都开始特别重视小型不联网的分布式发电方式。这种分布式发电方式可以很好解决供电安全性和经济性问题，对节能和环保都有重要意义，也适应目前的世界政治格局。微型燃气轮机特别适用于分布式发电系统。文章介绍了世界上典型的几种微型燃气轮机，重点是它们与一般燃气轮机的不同点，并介绍了一个应用微型燃气轮机于楼宇的分布式发电系统实例。     

微型燃气轮机发电系统仿真模型研究

利用PSCAD/EMTDC软件建立了微燃机发电系统的原动机部分模型,以单机带负荷系统为例进行了微燃机动态特性仿真研究。仿真结果表明,该模型可以使微燃机在孤岛运行状态下有良好的负荷跟随特性,并能保证透平转速的恒定。模型很好地反映了微网中微燃机发电系统所具有的特性。     

微型燃气轮机电力特性及并网研究

介绍了微型燃气轮机的电力特性，通过对其电力并网问题研究和分析，阐述了微型燃气轮机的电力并网应用，其并网不上网的发电模式不仅仅需要成熟的并网技术，还需要考虑到可能对电网产生的影响，绝不能向公用电网倒送电，所以要在并网控制线路上另外加入一套以逆功率保护为主的综合保护系统。文章并对微型燃气轮机运行模式转换的应用做简单探讨。     

灰关联分析法在微型燃气轮机性能评价中的应用

简要介绍了国内外微型燃气轮机的发展,叙述了微型燃气轮机发电技术的特点和主要性能指标,用灰色系统关联分析法对微型燃气轮机的性能进行了分析与评价,取得了满意的结果。     

冷热电联产系统与微型燃气轮机

以发展冷热电联产系统为能源配置方向和以微型燃气轮机为重要发电方式，是第二代能源系统建设的需要，对平衡城市的能源结构、提高能源使用效率、促进环境保护具有现实而长远的意义。文章论述了冷热电联产系统与微型燃气轮机的特点与发展前景。     

微型燃机与燃料电池复合装置的应用

对微型燃机发电装置及与燃料电池复合装置作了简介,并比较了采用顶层循环的固体氧化物燃料电池-微型燃机复合发电装置与单独微型燃机发电装置各自的循环特点,以燃机功率为50kW的微型燃机及其复合发电装置为例,进行了两者的性能分析比较：在复合发电装置中,分析了余热利用的优越性,并对余热供热进行了计算分析.     

微型燃气轮机技术

高效微型燃气轮机发电机组可用于航空、航天等领域,还可用于分布式发电、军用车辆辅助动力装置、车用混合动力装置等,因此研究这种动力装置有重要的实用意义。首先介绍了微型燃气轮机的发展过程,简要说明了过去40年内微型燃气轮机在结构上发生的变化,随后给出了组成微燃气轮机的关键部件在设计过程中应注意一些问题。最后回顾了国内一些研究单位在这一领域所进行的研究工作,并指出今后的努力方向和工作重点。     

微型发动机的若干发展动态及分析

微动力系统以其体积小、输出功率密度大等优点越来越受到研究者的关注。本文在全面分析微尺度条件燃烧所面临的各种困难的基础上，重点介绍了几种典型的微型发动机的研究概况。归纳了包括微型发动机在内的各种微动力系统的特点。报道了作者所在的科研群体正在进行的微热光电系统的最新研究进展。     

Micro film cooling performance

A novel idea for micro film cooling experiment is proposed and conducted. Both fabrication of a micro film-cooled device and evaluation of its performance are presented. The film cooling device is placed in a wind tunnel system for evaluation with the blowing parameter (M) ranging from 1 to 12.5 and the film jet slot heights of 25 μm, 45 μm and 50 μm, respectively. The micro film cooling performance obtained is found much higher, and the amount of cooling air used is much less, approximately two or three order magnitude lower, than that in the large-scale film cooling system. This means much saving of power consumption and more engine efficiency.     

Micro direct methanol fuel cell: functional components,supplies management,packaging technology and application

This review reports the progress on the recent development of micro direct methanol fuel cell. Various functional components including micro flow field plate, membrane electrode assembly, proton exchange membrane, catalytic layer, diffusion layer, and collector are narrated and discussed. The supplies management and packaging technology are also illustrated and discussed. A variety of portable devices whose power is supplied by micro direct methanol fuel cell are analyzed and discussed. This paper will provide an expedient and valuable reference to those who intend to research micro direct methanol fuel cell. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

微型能源动力装置及微尺度燃烧研究

基于燃料燃烧的微型能源动力装置具有高能量密度特性,可提供瓦到百瓦级的能量输出,因此在过去的20年间受到广泛关注。国内外学者研制了微型的燃气轮机、内燃机、推进装置、燃烧器、热电转换装置及热光电转换系统等不同类型的能源动力装置。然而,由于微尺度条件下燃烧环境和常规尺度存在差异,材料、密封及润滑等方面的技术瓶颈,目前大部分微型能源动力装置的性能未能到达预期的目标。由于微尺度燃烧基础理论有别于传统的常规尺度燃烧理论,随着其重要性的凸显,国内外学者对其进行了广泛深入的研究,更加清晰地揭示了微尺度火焰及燃烧的基本特性。本文首先介绍了国内外微型能源动力装置及系统的研究进展,然后对微尺度条件下预混及非预混火焰的研究现状进行了总结,在本文的最后部分提出了微燃烧相关亟待解决的科学及工程问题。     

Effect of finite heat input on the power performance of micro heat engines

Micro heat engines have attracted considerable interest in recent years for their potential exploitation as micro power sources in microsystems and portable devices. Thermodynamic modeling can predict the theoretical performance that can be potentially achieved by micro heat engine designs. An appropriate model can not only provide key information at the design stage but also indicate the potential room for improvement in existing micro heat engines. However, there are few models reported to date which are suitable for evaluating the power performance of micro heat engines. This paper presents a new thermodynamic model for determining the theoretical limit of power performance of micro heat engines with consideration to finite heat input and heat leakage. By matching the model components to those of a representative heat engine layout, the theoretical power, power density, and thermal efficiency achievable for a micro heat engine can be obtained for a given set of design parameters. The effects of key design parameters such as length and thermal conductivity of the engine material on these theoretical outputs are also investigated. Possible trade-offs among these performance objectives are discussed. Performance results derived from the developed model are compared with those of a working micro heat engine (P3) as an example.     

Micro Newcomen steam engine using two-phase working fluid

A micro steam engine is developed based on Newcomen steam engine. In the micro engine, a flexible ripple tube takes the place of piston and cylinder, to overcome the serious problems of friction and leakage in micro scale. We use two-phase octane as working fluid of the micro engine, because two-phase octane has higher power density than gaseous one. The micro engine is tested under different operational conditions to investigate its performance. It produces a maximum net mechanical work of 0.405 J per cycle with an efficiency of 2.58%. This experiment proves the feasibility of the micro steam engine.     

微燃烧发动机应用于微型飞行器的性能分析

阐述了目前微燃烧发动机的研究进展．以现有的材料和加工技术,微燃烧发动机的实现是完全可行的．对比评价了微燃烧发动机和锂电池两种微型飞行器动力源的航程、续航时间和飞行机动性等性能．结果表明,采用微燃烧发动机的飞行器航程最高可达到相同条件下普通锂电池飞行器的29．5倍,续航时间可达到普通锂电池飞行器的39倍,并且微燃烧发动机能大大提高飞行器的飞行机动性．     

Fully-integrated micro PEM fuel cell system with NaBH4 hydrogen generator

A fully-integrated micro PEM fuel cell system with a NaBH₄ hydrogen generator was developed. The micro fuel cell system contained a micro PEM fuel cell and a NaBH₄ hydrogen generator. The hydrogen generator comprised a NaBH₄ reacting chamber and a hydrogen separating chamber. Photosensitive glass wafers were used to fabricate a lightweight and corrosion-resistant micro fuel cell and hydrogen generator. All of the BOP such as a NaBH₄ cartridge, a micropump, and an auxiliary battery were fully integrated. In order to generate stable power output, a hybrid power management operating with a micro fuel cell and battery was designed. The integrated performance of the micro PEM fuel cell with NaBH₄ hydrogen generator was evaluated under various operating conditions. The hybrid power output was stably provided by the micro PEM fuel cell and auxiliary battery. The maximum power output and specific energy density of the micro PEM fuel cell system were 250 mW and 111.2 W h/kg, respectively.     

Investigations on fabrication and lifetime performance of self – air breathing direct hydrogen micro fuel cells

There is an ever – increasing demand for more powerful, compact and longer – life power modules for portable electronic devices for leisure, communication and computing. Micro fuel cells have the potential to replace battery packs for portable electronic appliances because of their high power density, longer operating and standby times, and substantially shorter recharging times. However, fuel cells have stringent operating requirements, including no fuel leakage, water formed in the electrochemical reactions, heat dissipation, robustness, easy and safe use, and reliability. Due to the large market potential, several companies are currently involved in the development of micro fuel cells. For application of fuel cells as a battery charger or in a battery replacement market, the cells require simplification in terms of their construction and operation and must have volumetric power densities equivalent to or better than those of existing battery power packs. This paper discusses results of investigation on methods and materials for direct hydrogen micro fuel cells as well as the lifetime performance of single cells and 2 W_e arrays. The paper also reviews the global technology development status for the direct hydrogen micro fuel cell and compares its salient features with other types of micro fuel cells.