GPRS通信系统中链路自适应的性能分析

介绍了GPRS移动通信中动态链路自适应的原理,并研究了静态链路自适应和动态链路自适应算法。对基于误块率(BLER)估计值的链路自适应算法进行了改进,并在GSM/GPRS网络仿真系统中加以实现。最后对仿真结果进行了分析。分析表明,动态链路自适应算法可以使GPRS系统在吞吐量和误块率方面获得更好的性能。     

自适应调制编码技术及其在移动通信中的应用

自适应调制编码技术是克服无线信道的时变性的一种重要链路适应技术。常用的链路自适应技术有自适应功率控制、自适应调制编码、自适应帧长等。本文主要介绍了两种自适应调制编码技术，并分析了各自的优缺点。     

LTE-Advanced下行链路动态调度研究

无线资源管理算法对于优化LTE-Advanced系统容量和终端用户性能是非常重要的。网络算法没有实现标准化,但网络供应商和运营商可以根据需要设计和调整算法。要提供蜂窝所需的QoS,动态分组调度和链路自适应是确保高频谱效率的关键特征。通过引入第2层调度与链路自适应框架,阐述了频域分组调度原理,提出了时域和频域联合调度算法,介绍了采用MIMO的分组调度技术,评估了下行链路分组调度性能。     

在不同移动速度下的无线链路自适应的实现分析

首先简单介绍了两种直接链路自适应技术AMC，H-ARQ，讨认弛不同的用户移动速度对信道估计的影响，说明用户移动速度差别很大时应采用不同的链路自适应技术；然后提出了一种在用户高速移动时的间接链路自适应技术并对其进行了分析，分析结果表明这种间接链路自适应技术在用户高速移动时的性能优于现在的通用的直接链路自适应技术。     

立方体网络自适应寻径算法研究

自适应能力是评价网络路由算法性能的一个重要方面,近来立方体结构在无线网络中的应用也对其路由算法的自适应能力提出了更高要求,而现有寻径算法并不能自适应于各种链路情况即在某些链路失效时路由将失败。结合现有算法提出了一种高自适应能力和链路容错能力的寻径算法,使立方体网络能工作在链路失效率为0.5的情况下,且路由长度并无显著增加。     

浅析短波自适应与组网通信技术

本文主要介绍了短波自适应技术与组网技术。分析了第二代和第三代自适应技术的链路建立和组网过程。     

反馈时延下LTE链路自适应算法性能研究

介绍了一种LTE系统的快速链路自适应算法,算法基于瞬时信道信息计算预编码矩阵指示、秩指示和信道质量指示3种反馈信息。当前对快速链路自适应算法的研究大部分都假设无反馈时延,因此研究了反馈时延对算法性能的影响,针对发射分集和闭环空间复用两种传输模式在低速和较高速场景下进行了算法性能评估。     

基于IEEE802．16e的链路自适应技术研究

链路自适应是移动宽带系统的关键技术之一,它通过研究无线电信道的衰落程度、信道流量等参数动态改变调制编码方式、发送功率、帧长等,从而有效地改善误比特率性能和信息传输速率。主要介绍了链路自适应技术在IEEE802,16e系统中的应用。     

链路自适应技术在MIMO系统中的应用

MIMO技术和链路自适应技术都是未来无线通信系统的关键技术，二者的结合将会更好地发挥它们的优势，讨论了链路自适应技术的基本原理。其在MIMO系统中的应用方式、相关算法以及必须考虑的若干问题问题。     

自适应光学技术在大气光通信系统中的应用进展

大气光通信中大气湍流引起的相位噪声和光强起伏噪声会严重影响通信系统的通信质量,自适应光学补偿可在一定程度上解决问题.常规自适应光学技术对于解决上行链路、下行链路中的湍流扰动问题得到了理论和实验验证.强闪烁现象的存在使得常规自适应光学技术在水平链路中的应用受限,不使用波前传感器的自适应光学技术则为这一问题的解决提供了可能方案.随机并行梯度下降算法是该类自适应光学技术中一种较有应用前途的控制算法.     

Novel link adaptation for TETRA cellular systems

One of the main challenges for future wireless systems is to enhance the effective data throughput by exploiting the allocated bandwidth as much as possible. Among several approaches at different layers, one of the most important is constituted by the so‐called link adaptation (LA) techniques. They are characterized by the adaptation of a set of transmission parameters to the channel state in order to improve performance. In this context, this paper is focused on the analysis of a particular class of LA techniques called adaptive modulation and coding, where the modulation and coding rate of transmission can vary according to the channel behavior. In particular, a novel LA algorithm, namely the timed window (TW) method, suitable for time‐division Duplex systems is proposed here. The performance of the TW algorithm is evaluated by taking actual user mobility conditions, communication channel behavior, as well as the physical layer effects into account. Finally, it is important to stress that, even if the wireless bearer considered in this study is TETRA (TErrestrial Trunked RAdio), the approach is quite general and it can be of interest for other wireless networks and can be optimized for different channel models (e.g. TU50, HT200, etc.). Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A link adaptation scheme for the downlink of mobile hotspot

A link adaptation (LA) scheme for the downlink of mobile hotspot, which is supported by an IEEE 802.16e or mobile WiMAX network, is proposed. The mobile WiMAX uses orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) in its physical layer. The main function of the LA scheme is to select an appropriate burst profile, which includes a multiple input multiple output (MIMO) transmission mode, modulation technique, and coding scheme. We formulate a discrete optimization problem for the LA scheme by maximizing the throughput. An algorithm to implement the LA scheme is also proposed. Numerical results show that the proposed LA scheme exhibits good performance. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Calculation of the input impedance of a strip loop antenna located on a dielectric cylinder

A method for calculating the input impedance of a loop antenna (LA) located on a dielectric cylinder is developed. The integral equation (IE) for the unknown function of the current density distribution on the LA surface is obtained. A numerical method for the IE solution is described. An approximate formula for calculation of the LA input impedance is proposed. Plots of the input impedance on the LA length are given.     

关于密集城区位置区优化的探讨

本文首先介绍了GSM网络中位置区的概念、理论上最大位置区的大小,再以重庆主城区为例,从寻呼负荷、位置更新情况、位置区话务分配、切换统计等角度对现网位置区状况进行了评估,并提出了具体的优化建议。通过优化前后现场DT测试,发现调整位置区后收到了良好的效果。     

Rational Mutual Interactions in Ternary Systems Enable High-Performance Organic Solar Cells

Ternary organic solar cells (TOSCs) offer a facile and efficient approach to increase the power conversion efficiencies (PCEs). However, the critical roles that guest components play in complicated ternary systems remain poorly understood. Herein, two acceptors named LA1 and LA9 with differing crystallinity are investigated. The overly crystalline LA9 induces large self-aggregates in PM6:LA9 binary system, resulting in a lower PCE (13.12%) compared to PM6:LA1 device (13.89%). Encouragingly, both acceptors are verified as efficient guest candidates into the host binary PM6:NCBDT-4Cl (PCE = 13.48%) and afford markedly improved PCEs up to 15.39% and 15.75% in LA1 and LA9 ternary devices, respectively. Interestingly, the higher crystallinity LA9 reveals smaller interaction energies with both the host acceptor and donor PM6. Compared to LA1, the appropriate mutual interactions in the LA9 ternary system not only induces the orderly crystallinity of PM6 but also better compatibility with the host acceptor, generating further optimized molecular orientations and ternary morphology. Therefore, enhanced charge transport and minimized recombination loss are detected in LA9 ternary devices, affording the most competitive performance among Y6-sbsent TOSCs. This work suggests that complicated intermolecular interactions should be seriously considered when fabricating state-of-the-art multiple components OSCs.     

Tracking of left ventricular long axis from real-time three-dimensional echocardiography using optical flow techniques.

Two-dimensional echocardiography (2DE) is routinely used in clinical practice to measure left ventricular (LV) mass, dimensions, and function. The reliability of these measurements is highly dependent on the ability to obtain nonforeshortened long axis (LA) images of the left ventricle from transthoracic apical acoustic windows. Real time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE) is a novel imaging technique that allows the acquisition of dynamic pyramidal data structures encompassing the entire ventricle and could potentially overcome the effects of LA foreshortening. Accordingly, the aim of this paper was to develop a nearly automated method based on optical flow techniques for the measurement of the left ventricular (LV) LA throughout the cardiac cycle from RT3DE data. The LV LA measurements obtained with the automated technique has been compared with LA measurements derived from manual selection of the LA from a volumetric display of RT3DE data. High correlation (r = .99, SEE = 1.8%, y = .94x + 5.3), no significant bias (-0.18 mm), and narrow limits of agreement (SD: 1.91 mm) were found. The comparison between the LA length derived from 2DE and RT3DE data showed significant underestimation of the 2DE based measurements. In conclusion, this study proves that RT3DE data overcome the effects of foreshortening and indicates that the method we propose allows fast and accurate quantification of LA length throughout the cardiac cycle.     

Using Plasma Deposits to Promote Cell Population of the Porous Interior of Three‐Dimensional Poly(D,L‐Lactic Acid) Tissue‐Engineering Scaffolds

Cell adhesion and proliferation on poly(D,L ‐lactic acid) (P_DLLA) tissue‐engineering scaffolds is low. This is generally regarded to be due to the surface chemistry of the P_DLLA polymer, although topographic features often worsen the situation. This study reports for the first time successful deposition of a plasma polymer throughout the porous network of a three‐dimensional scaffold. This allylamine plasma deposit was used to improve cell adhesion on the P_DLLA surface. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis of sectioned scaffolds was used to demonstrate the penetration of nitrogen species to the inner surfaces and to compare the virgin P_DLLA scaffold and the plasma polymer coated P_DLLA scaffold with plasma‐grafted allylamine. The nitrogen concentration at the exterior and interior scaffold surfaces was greater for the plasma deposits than for the grafted surfaces, and the chemical state of the incorporated surface nitrogen using the two methods was found to be different. Evaluation in vitro was carried out by studying 3T3 fibroblast attachment, morphology, and metabolic activity on the scaffolds. Cell activity and attachment was found to be greater for the plasma deposits than the plasma‐grafted P_DLLA scaffolds, and both were greater than for the virgin P_DLLA scaffolds. It is concluded that plasma deposition is a viable method of increasing cell attachment throughout porous P_DLLA scaffolds without changing the bulk characteristics of the polymer.     

激光诱导湿刻在微结构加工中的应用

介绍了激光诱导湿刻技术在各种材料微加工中的应用,同时对其作用机理和刻蚀特性进行了简单探讨,并对其发展进行了展望。     

曲面复眼中对数型锥透镜成像特性研究

提出利用对数型锥透镜的焦线特性解决球面复眼系统成像过程中球透镜离焦问题.设计锥透镜焦深范围满足复眼系统各个子眼通道成像.通过仿真分析,研究了对数型锥透镜的轴上与离轴成像特性;利用金刚石切削技术和翻模技术实现该锥透镜的批量制造.实验检测结果表明,锥透镜焦线范围内轴上成像光斑直径保持一致;离轴成像时产生的十字光斑,可以通过提取交叉点,确定复眼系统子眼通道离轴成像光斑中心位置.该设计方案可用于消除球透镜固有离焦发散现象,提高复眼中各子眼对其视场内各方向光线成像光斑中心的定位精度,有效改善复眼成像质量.     

An intra-LA location update strategy for reducing paging cost

The blanket paging strategy in current mobile networks may waste a lot of wireless bandwidth. While keeping the standard location area (LA) based location update (LU) strategy unchanged, we propose an intra-LA LU scheme to reduce the paging cost. While a mobile terminal (MT) is residing in an LA with a cell called anchor cell, where the MT usually stays for a significant period, an intra-LA LU is performed whenever the MT changes its location between the anchor cell and the rest of cells in the LA. For an incoming call, either the anchor cell or the rest of cells in the LA is paged to locate the MT. Thus the paging cost is greatly reduced, especially when the called MT is located in its anchor cell.