面向MPP Fortran 的自动数据分布

自动数据分布是面向大规模并行处理MPP(massively parallel processing)系统程序自动并行化的一项关键技术.数据分布方式直接影响着应用程序在MPP系统上的并行执行性能.本文以MPP Fortran为例,详细探讨了自动数据分布的有关技术,如对准分析、分布方式的产生、静态性能评估和数据重新分布等,并提出了相应的算法.这些算法将在作者研制的面向MPP Fortran 的程序自动并行化工具中实现.     

一种新的高速公路智能收费系统方案

提出了一种基于互联网和手机支付的高速公路收费系统方案，该方案应用了人工智能技术来识别车牌号，通过对与车牌号绑定的手机号来实现手机支付，整个系统的智能化和信息化程度较高，并保证了系统的可靠性和缴费的便捷性。     

A three-level knowledge-based system for the generation of live and safe Petri nets for manufacturing systems

New generation manufacturing systems are involved in a transformation process which aims for more reliable production processes and with a lower response time to the demand of the market. This work presents an application of artificial intelligence planning techniques for the automatic generation of the control program for a manufacturing system expressed as a safe and live Petri net. The advantage of the system presented here is straightforward: it allows for a fast generation of sound results free of human errors, reducing the cost and duration of the development phase of control programs.     

智能建筑区门禁系统自动化识别技术分析

门禁系统是智能建筑区必备设施,可对建筑区提供安全防护、自动调控等多方面功能。指纹识别系统是人工 智能改造的新系统,为门禁系统自动识别提供了科技化措施。本文分析了智能建筑发展趋势及指纹识别系统的基本构成,介 绍了智能建筑门禁系统自动化识别技术的应用方法。     

智能安全内涵与体系构建探讨

随着人工智能在各行业的推广应用,人工智能给生活、生产带来便利的同时,其破坏作用和隐患也引起了各国政府、机构的重视。因此,人工智能技术及其应用所引起的安全问题受到更多关注。但是,从智能的形态角度看,智能安全与人工智能安全在内涵上还有很多区别。本文首先阐明智能安全的内涵,指出人工智能安全实际上主要是技术层面的智能安全,但智能安全不仅涉及技术安全,还包括智能系统在各行业广泛普及带来的国家层面的安全问题,以及机器智能、混合智能等新智能形态发展给人类整体带来的潜在风险。在此基础上,本文构建了智能安全体系并给出了具体措施。狭义的人工智能安全与广义的智能安全理念相结合,有利于确保整个国家在人类文明发展过程中把握先机。     

基于手机支付的停车场智能收费系统设计

设计了一种基于手机支付的停车场收费系统，该系统不仅应用了手机支付这一新型的支付手段，而且使用了人工智能技术作为车辆信息的自动输入手段，实现了整个系统的自动化、智能化，并保证了整个系统的安全性和可靠性。     

Integration framework for intelligent manufacturing processes

In this article, we describe a new approach to applying distributed artificial intelligence techniques to manufacturing processes. The construction of intelligent systems is one of the most important techniques among artificial intelligence research. Our goal is to develop an integrated intelligent system for real time manufacturing processes. An integrated intelligent system is a large knowledge integration environment that consists of several symbolic reasoning systems (expert systems) and numerical computation packages. These software programs are controlled by a meta-system which manages the selection, operation and communication of these programs. A meta-system can be implemented in different language environments and applied to many disciplines. This new architecture can serve as a universal configuration to develop high performance intelligent systems for many complicated industrial applications in real world domains.To whom all correspondence should be addressed.     

智能系统全生命周期安全测试理论与方法

人工智能技术在公共、国防安全领域得到了广泛应用,然而智能系统的安全性面临极大挑战。如何有效、全面、深入地对智能系统进行安全测试成为解决当前智能系统安全问题的重要途径。近年来,国内外高度重视智能系统的安全性问题,开展了大量的安全测试理论方法研究并出台了大量相关政策文件。针对智能系统面临的安全问题,本文详细阐述了面向智能系统全生命周期的安全测试理论与方法。首先,本文说明了智能系统的特点、安全内涵及安全机理;接着,本文结合模型训练、模型推理、模型部署三个主要生命周期阶段,详细地阐述了智能系统面临的安全性挑战和测试理论方法;最后,本文从标准、平台等角度阐明了构建智能系统安全测试支撑体系的方式,分析了自动驾驶典型场景下的智能系统安全测试案例,并给出了未来展望。开展智能系统安全测试理论和方法体系的建设,可有效规避系统潜在风险和质量缺陷,是实现人工智能算法可解释、可信赖的基本路径,对于确保人工智能技术安全、可靠、可控具有重要意义。     

人工智能技术在视频制作中的应用

本文首先介绍了人工智能技术在字幕自动配音应用,阐述了人工智能技术在视频字幕提取和虚拟主播中的应用,体现出人工智能技术的应用价值。其次,介绍了人工智能技术在智能编目与检索和图片视频化中的应用,对提高检索速度、图片视频制作质量中发挥重要作用。最后,介绍人工智能技术在画质修复中的应用,对画质修复的质量起决定性作用,同时视频制作的多样化对人工智能技术的完善起到推动作用。     

CFD显式差分程序的自动并行技术研究

对CFD显式计算程序的自动并行技术作了研究和探讨，从应用的角度出发，充分利用显式差分的特点和模拟手工并行的过程，集中研究了区域划分，相关性分析以及同步通信与优化等自动并行的核心技术。     

舰艇CGF系统智能推理决策研究

CGF实体智能化的研究是CGF领域的一个研究重点和难点。而CGF推理决策模型设计是CGF建模的关键环节,为了使舰艇CGF实体在仿真环境中具有智能,采用了人工智能技术。该文在设计舰艇CGF系统推理决策模型过程中,使用了模糊理论来实现敌方实体威胁程度的决策,使用了人工神经网络来实现武器开火的决策。这些人工智能技术在舰艇兵力模型设计中的应用表明,它们能够有效地提高仿真实体的智能水平。     

人工智能技术在矿山智能化建设中的应用初探

介绍了人工智能技术的相关概念、发展概述及其在煤炭行业发展中的应用,指出目前人工智能技术在矿山应用只是点状结合和浅度结合,没有实现人工智能技术和矿山某个生产或管理系统层面的深度融合。概述了智能矿山的发展历程,指出智能矿山是人工智能技术、大数据技术、物联网技术和矿山实体的深度融合体,利用智能通信、智能控制和智能计算技术实现数字化矿山的计算、处理,构建数字孪生矿山,通过数字孪生矿山和物理矿山的智能交互演化,达到对煤矿安全、高效、绿色的生产控制。构建了将人工智能技术和矿山深度融合的包括设备层、智能层、应用层的智能矿山三层构架:应用层处于智能矿山的最高层,其中的数字孪生矿山子层相当于“数字大脑”,实现矿山最高层次的智能控制;智能层中的智能体要求子系统不仅仅是应用人工智能技术处理子系统所产生的数据,而是从架构上就要将智能计算、智能通信、智能控制融为一体。展望了智能矿山建设的发展趋势:智能化矿山需要加强人工智能技术和矿山融合度的深入研究,将现有的基于人工智能的故障检测、诊断及超前干预技术应用到机器人系统中,智能计算、智能通信、智能控制融合的巡检机器人将是最早能推广的井下智能体之一;智能化矿山需要进一步加强复杂巨系统建模技术的研究,只有建立了矿山的复杂巨系统模型,才能实现采矿活动和环境的协同互动,实现采煤活动的精准控制,复杂巨系统模型的缺乏将是未来智能矿山建设亟需解决的问题。     

GENERAL THEORY OF INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS

The basic foundations of the general theory of intelligent systems are constructed in this paper through formalization of the evolution in an open system. Evolution is presented as behavior and self-organization of an open system, and it is assumed that intelligence is given by the laws of evolution. Four laws of self-organization are obtained, depending on the type of open system and its kind of self-organization. The redundancy and entropy of self-organization are obtained as basic evolution characteristics. A pattern recognition and an expert subsystems of an intelligent system are constructed. Discrete and analog intelligent systems have been defined, respectively, as an artificial intelligence system and a system of functional diagnostics.     

Rule-based intelligence to support linear programming analysis

Increased size and complexity of linear programs make it difficult to understand results and manage the model. This difficulty is overcome, at least partially, with new advances in computing environments and techniques from artificial intelligence and operations research. A software system, called ANALYZE, is presented within the larger context of developing an artificially intelligent environment for mathematical programming modeling and analysis. With heuristics governed by rule-based reasoning and with syntax-driven translations into English, the ANALYZE system enables a form of intelligence to support analysis. Particular problems that illustrate this capability are explanations of dual prices, diagnoses of infeasibilities, and reasoning about redundancy.     

The Cetus Source-to-Source Compiler Infrastructure: Overview and Evaluation

This paper provides an overview and an evaluation of the Cetus source-to-source compiler infrastructure. The original goal of the Cetus project was to create an easy-to-use compiler for research in automatic parallelization of C programs. In meantime, Cetus has been used for many additional program transformation tasks. It serves as a compiler infrastructure for many projects in the US and internationally. Recently, Cetus has been supported by the National Science Foundation to build a community resource. The compiler has gone through several iterations of benchmark studies and implementations of those techniques that could improve the parallel performance of these programs. These efforts have resulted in a system that favorably compares with state-of-the-art parallelizers, such as Intel’s ICC. A key limitation of advanced optimizing compilers is their lack of runtime information, such as the program input data. We will discuss and evaluate several techniques that support dynamic optimization decisions. Finally, as there is an extensive body of proposed compiler analyses and transformations for parallelization, the question of the importance of the techniques arises. This paper evaluates the impact of the individual Cetus techniques on overall program performance.     

Computer-aided software engineering of expert systems

The problem of automatically reprogramming an expert system either to adjust for solving different types of computational problems or to improve run-time performance is addressed. A computer-aided software engineering (CASE) method using artificial intelligence techniques to instantiate a concrete program from a given abstract expert system architecture is proposed. Our method, called expert system reification, is suitable for use in a large range of problem-solving behaviors. Reification combines meta-level programming with partial evaluation of the program. Expert system reification extends the above blend with a knowledge-based translation module, thus obtaining an efficient and portable expert system version. We demonstrate the method by applying it to STAREX, an electronic circuit pack troubleshooting expert system developed in PROLOG to derive automatically the corresponding C code, which is currently installed at one of the AT&T manufacturing facilities.     

Separating the wheat from the chaff: An intelligent sales recruitment and benchmarking system

The need for computer-based intelligent techniques for recruitment and retention of employees in a highly competitive global market has grown significantly in the last decade. Salesperson recruitment is a critical task for most organisations. Existing approaches for salesperson recruitment primarily rely on filtering of applications based on selection criteria followed by interviews. Some organisations also include personality testing based on psychometric techniques. The high turnover of salesperson in the industry suggests limited success of these procedures. Additionally, existing approaches lack benchmarking methods. In this paper we describe design and development of an intelligent sales recruitment and benchmarking system (ISRBS) for recruitment and benchmarking of salespersons. ISRBS design represents operation of the findings and outcomes based on actual field studies and random surveys of salespersons as well as development of models for measuring independent and dependent variables related to selling behaviour. The main contributions of the paper are (i) Developing an on line selling behaviour profiling technique based on integration of intelligent system techniques like expert systems and fuzzy sets, psychology based selling behaviour model, and AHP techniques, and (ii) an objective and novel selling behaviour benchmarking technique to facilitate modelling of organisation based benchmarks and cultural fits. An earlier version of this system has been commercially used in the industry in Australia. ISRBS integrates psychology based selling behaviour model with artificial intelligence techniques and soft computing methods for selling behaviour profiling and benchmarking.     

面向MPP Fortran的程序自动并行化

ＭＰＰ Ｆｏｒｔｒａｎ是Ｃｒａｙ公司为分布存储、全局编址的Ｃｒａｙ Ｔ３Ｄ ＭＰＰ系统推出的一种数据并行语言。本文首先介绍了ＭＰＰ Ｆｏｒｔｒａｎ的主要特点，然后以该语言为例，对面向ＭＰＰ系统程序自动并行化的基本内容以及关键技术进行了分析和探讨。     

Intelligent control of a rotary kiln fired with producer gas generated from biomass

During the past decade, the academic world has been extremely active in developing new algorithms and theories in the field of artificial intelligence (AI) and intelligent systems. In most cases, however, emphasis has been placed more on theoretical frameworks and mathematical bases than on what the individual AI techniques could offer and on how different techniques could be applied to solve real industrial-scale problems. The reputation of intelligent systems has consequently suffered from an inability to transfer new and sophisticated techniques to industrial applications with identifiable benefits. As a result, although a wide range of intelligent control techniques has been available already for many years, most of the applications in the process industry are based on more conventional techniques. Recently, as awareness of intelligent systems has grown, industrial problems and implementations have fortunately received increasing attention. In this paper, an intelligent supervisory-level system implemented at one of the major Finnish pulp mills to control a lime kiln fired with producer gas generated from biomass is presented. First, the major results of a field study are summarised, with special attention paid to burnt lime quality aspects. Next, a novel linguistic equations approach, which provides flexible methods for both modelling and control, is briefly described. The overall structure and main functions of the developed control system are then described with the main emphasis on the control of temperature and lime quality. Finally, the results obtained during the extended testing period of the system are presented and discussed.     

智能汽车人机协同控制的研究现状与展望

随着人工智能、互联网技术、通信技术、计算机技术的快速发展,以电动化、智能化及网联化为基础的智能汽车成为汽车行业发展的一大趋势.按照汽车智能化、自动化的发展进程,美国汽车工程师协会将智能汽车的发展分为手动驾驶、驾驶辅助、部分自动化、有条件自动化、高度自动化和完全自动化6个级别,虽然不同层次、不同功能的汽车智能化技术正迅猛发展,但是真正意义上的全工况自动驾驶在短期内很难实现.因此,在未来很长一段时期内,智能汽车必然面对人机协同控制的局面,本文详细介绍了智能汽车人机协同控制中驾驶员建模及人机驾驶权动态优化控制的国内外研究现状,同时简要介绍了智能汽车测试与评价的国内外研究现状,提炼了共性问题,并对人机协同控制的发展趋势给出了一些观点.