混合稀土对AZ91D镁合金组织和力学性能的影响

研究了添加混合稀土（0．02％-1．2％,质量分数）对AZ91D镁合金晶粒大小、枝晶大小、共晶组织、凝固曲线特征参数和力学性能的影响．结果表明,混合稀土与合金中Al8（Fe,Mn）5或ε-AlMn相反应生成Al—RE—Mn三元相,减少了合金熔体中异质形核核心的数目,从而导致晶粒和枝晶的粗化;混合稀土还与Al反应生成Al11RE3相,消耗了部分Al,使得共晶组织减少．在砂型凝固条件下,随着混合稀土添加量的增加,AZ91D镁合金的初晶形核最低温度从595．2升到597．3℃;共晶最低温度先从427．7升到431．2℃,再降到428．7℃;共晶生长温度先从428．7升到431．8℃,再降到429．9℃;共晶再辉温差则存在波动．添加混合稀土降低了AZ91D镁合金的室温强度,但提高了合金的高温强度和延伸率．     

混合稀土对AZ91镁合金组织和性能的影响

在ZA91镁合金基础上添加不同含量的混合稀土（MM），对其铸态和固溶时效的组织及性能进行了研究。结果表明，MM显著改变AZ91合金的铸态组织，使Mg17Al12相细化，并出现针状相，从而使硬度，强度提高，但冲击韧度值及伸长率下降，进一步的固溶时效证明该针状相并不固溶于基体中，MM的加入，推迟了AZ91的时效硬化过程。     

稀土Pr对AZ91D镁合金组织和性能的影响

研究了微量Pr对AZ91D镁合金显微组织和力学性能的影响.结果表明:稀土元素Pr具有细化AZ91DPr镁合金铸态晶粒的作用,并在组织中出现了针状、杆状的AlPr新相;当加入0.8wt％Pr时,合金晶粒细化效果较好,其室温力学性能比较好.     

挤压温度对AZ91D合金组织性能的影响

为提高AZ91D镁合金的综合性能,对其进行热挤压变形。分别采用300、330、360、390、420℃五个挤压温度,挤压比为45,在6300kN快速成形油压机上进行正挤压,并对挤压试样进行拉伸测试和金相观察。结果表明,热挤压变形过程发生动态再结晶,晶粒细化并均匀化,有效提高了合金综合性能。并且随温度升高,抗拉强度和屈服强度都有升高趋势,但是自390℃之后,虽然再结晶彻底,但晶粒逐渐长大,所以屈服强度继续增大而抗拉强度降低。390℃下挤压,其抗拉强度可达390MPa,屈服强度达288MPa,伸长率达11%,为较好的工艺方案。     

Y对AZ91D镁合金组织和性能的影响

通过合金制备、微观分析和力学性能测试等方法,研究了稀土元素Y对AZ91D镁合金微观组织和力学性能的影响.结果表明,适量Y的加入使AZ91D镁合金的组织明显细化,同时析出了A12Y化合物.经同溶处理后,随着Y含量增加,铸态和固溶态的布氏硬度值基本呈先升后降的趋势.Y含量为0.48%的合金固溶硬度值几乎与原AZ91D合金的硬度值相当.     

La-Ce混合稀土对Mg-Al-Mn合金力学性能及耐蚀性能的影响

研究了La-Ce混合稀土对Mg-Al-Mn合金组织形貌、力学性能及耐蚀性的影响。采用T-1200CB坩埚炉冶炼稀土含量(质量分数)分别为4.63%、5.81%、6.18%的Mg-Al-Mn合金。在箱式电阻炉中对研究试样进行430 ℃保温24 h的固溶处理,然后进行200 ℃保温24 h时效处理。对不同热处理状态的试样进行组织观察,对固溶时效后的试样进行拉伸、硬度及盐雾腐蚀试验,从而分析La-Ce混合稀土对Mg-Al-Mn合金显微组织、力学性能及耐蚀性的影响。研究表明,随着合金中的La-Ce混合稀土含量的增加,Mg₁₇Al₁₂相逐渐被Al₄(La, Ce)相代替;硬度、抗拉强度和伸长率都逐渐减小,力学性能下降;合金的腐蚀速率逐渐下降,耐蚀性提高。     

碱土元素对AZ91D镁合金组织和性能的影响

通过向AZ91D合金中添加Ca、Ba、Sr3种碱土元素,熔炼制备了铸态镁合金,利用OM、SEM、EDS和XRD等手段研究了合金的铸态组织和物相组成,测试了其力学性能.结果表明, Ca、Ba、Sr的综合作用可以显著细化镁合金的铸态组织,并使网络状β-Mg17Al12相以球块状弥散分布,室温抗拉强度从AZ91D合金的156.3 MPa提高到AZ91D-0.5Ca-0.2Ba-0.1Sr合金的187.6 MPa.     

旋转磁场对AZ91D-0.4%RE合金组织和性能的影响

研究旋转磁场对 AZ91D-0.4%RE镁合金显微组织、力学性能及耐腐蚀性能的影响.结果表明:在磁场作用下,合金中α-Mg树枝晶显著细化,晶粒大小更趋均匀;形成的稀土化合物Al11RE3尺寸减小,由鱼骨状、长针状逐渐向短针状转变.施加旋转磁场后,合金的抗拉强度、屈服强度、延伸率和硬度可比未施加磁场时分别提高13%,15%,44%,19%.拉伸断口表现为准解理断裂方式.同时,合金的自腐蚀电位提高,表明其耐腐蚀性能提高.     

等温模锻对AZ91D镁合金组织和性能的影响

采用金相分析、拉伸试验、SEM分析等方法测试和分析了AZ91 D镁合金在铸态、锻压态及锻后+人工时效处理态下的金相显微组织和力学性能.研究表明:锻前均匀化退火能使沿晶界分布的网状βMg_(17)Al_(12)相全部溶人基体α-Mg中;等温模锻成形过程中,合金发生了明显的动态再结晶,形成细小的再结晶等轴晶粒组织,合金力学...     

Y对AZ91D镁合金铸态组织和性能的影响

通过金相分析、扫描电镜分析及拉伸性能测试等手段,研究了Y的添加对AZ91D镁合金的微观组织和力学性能的影响.结果表明,加入适量的Y后,合金的第二相由粗大的网状变成细小的颗粒状,合金的力学性能得到了改善.当Y的实际含量达到0.48%时,合金组织中第二相的细化程度最大;其抗拉强度和延伸率达到最高.     

钇及铈镧混合稀土对AZ91镁合金铸态组织的影响

金相显微镜及电子探针分析结果表明, 含La, Ce的混合稀土和金属Y均有促进AZ91镁合金铸态组织晶粒细化的作用. 在AZ91+(Ce, La)合金中形成的杆状化合物被证实是(Ce, La)Al4, 而在AZ91+Y合金中发现了呈块状结构的YAl2化合物. 420℃/20h固溶处理后, 由于(Ce, La)Al4及YAl2具有良好的热稳定性, 不溶入Mg基体, AZ91+RE(La,Ce,Y)合金的铸态组织为δ固溶体+(Ce, La)Al4(或YAl2)化合物+Mg17Al12三相组成.     

钕对AZ91镁合金铸态组织的影响

利用光学显微镜、电子探针和X射线衍射仪研究Nd对AZ91镁合金铸态显微组织的影响，并利用Imagetool软件测量晶粒尺寸和面积。结果表明：少量Nd对α-Mg晶粒有显著的细化作用，平均晶粒尺寸由108μm降至约31μm，晶粒面积也明显减小，Nd的最佳加入量为0．5％。此外，Nd的加入致使β-Mg17Al12相弥散细小，组织中出现了粒状或针状Al3Nd化合物。     

高压热处理对AZ91D镁合金组织的影响

采用高压六面顶压机对AZ91D镁合金进行热处理。使用X射线衍射仪、金相电镜、场发射扫描电镜研究热处理压力对AZ91D镁合金微观组织的影响。结果表明,高压热处理后的镁合金的仍由基体α-Mg和β-Mg17Al12相组成,但高压热处理后β-Mg17Al12相的形态和分布发生了明显变化。随着压力的增大,β-Mg17Al12相析出量减少,Al原子在基体中的固溶度增加。此外,高压热处理可细化晶粒,压力为2 GPa时效果最佳。     

Effect of extrusion ratio on microstructure and mechanical properties of AZ91D magnesium alloy recycled from scraps by hot extrusion

A method for recycling AZ91D magnesium alloy scraps directly by hot extrusion was studied. Various microstructural analyses were performed using the techniques of optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS). Microstructural observations revealed that all the recycled specimens consisted of fine grains due to the dynamic recrystallization. The main strengthening mechanism of the recycled specimen was grain refinement strengthening and homogeneous distribution of oxide precipitates. The interfaces of individual scraps of extruded materials were not identified when the scraps were extruded with the extrusion ratio of 40:1. Oxidation layers of the scraps were broken into pieces by high compressive and shear forces under the extrusion ratio of 40:1. The ultimate tensile strength and elongation to failure increased with increasing the extrusion ratio. Recycled specimens with the extrusion ratio of 40:1 showed higher ultimate tensile strength of 342.61 MPa and higher elongation to failure of 11.32%, compared with those of the cast specimen.     

固相合成AZ91D镁合金的组织和性能

利用固相合成方法在挤压比为11∶1的条件下,将AZ91D镁合金屑分别在573、623、673和723 K时制备成试样,对试样进行微观组织观察和力学性能测试。结果表明:在573~673 K时,AZ91D镁合金的抗拉强度和延伸率随合成温度的升高而增大,高于673 K时其抗拉强度和延伸率随合成温度的升高而降低,在合成温度为673 K时,其抗拉强度最高,达到384.4 MPa;在热挤出过程中氧化层被均匀弥散在组织中且发生动态再结晶,使固相合成AZ91D镁合金的力学性能与铸态和用铸锭热挤出制备的镁合金相比明显提高,在合成温度为673 K时,其延伸率为5.8%,比铸态增加152%;AZ91D镁合金屑在挤出过程中不能完全结合且出现较多的微裂纹,使其延伸率与铸锭热挤出制备的AZ91D镁合金相比低44%。     

Reheating microstructure of refined AZ91D magnesium alloy in semi-solid state

By means of equal channel angular extrusion (ECAE) test, upsetting test and metalloseope, reheating mierostruetures of raw casting ingots, materials prepared by SIMA and materials extruded by ECAE in semi-solid state were investigated. The results show that compared with those of raw casting ingots and materials prepared by SIMA, reheating microstrueture of materials extruded by ECAE is the best and the final grain size is the finest. With increasing holding time, a growing phenomenon occurs in reheating microstrueture of materials extruded by ECAE, which can be described by Ostwald ripening law. The average grain size increases firstly, subsequently decreases and the shape factor of grains approaches to 1 as the reheating temperature increases. With increasing equivalent strain, the average grain size decreases. This demonstrates that reheating material extruded by ECAE technology is a good method to prepare AZ91D magnesium alloy semi-solid billets.     

Rheo-diecasting of AZ91D magnesium alloy by taper barrel rheomoulding process

A self-developed taper barrel rheomoulding(TBR)machine was introduced,and the rheo-diecasting process was implemented by combining TBR machine with the high pressure die casting(HPDC)machine.Microstructural characteristics of the rheo-diecasting components were investigated at different rotation speeds.Flow characteristics and microstructural evolution of the semi-solid slurry during the rheo-diecasting process were analyzed and the mechanical properties of the rheo-diecasting components were studied.The experimental results show that the process is able to obtain such components in which the primaryα-Mg particles are fine,nearly spherical and uniformly distributed in the matrix.When the rotation speed of internal taper barrel is 700 r/min,the primaryα-Mg particles get a mean diameter of about 45μm and a shape factor of about 0.81.The magnesium alloy melt has complex stirring-fixed flow characteristics when flowing in TBR machine.Compared with conventional die-casing process,the rheo-diecasting process can improve the mechanical properties of components;especially,the elongation is improved by 80%.     

AZ91D薄板搅拌摩擦焊

实现了厚度为2.2 mm铸造镁合金AZ91D薄板的搅拌摩擦焊和钨极氩弧焊,分析了搅拌摩擦焊工艺参数对焊接接头成形的影响和接头组织变化,考察了搅拌摩擦焊接头的力学性能.在搅拌头旋转速度为1 380 r/min时得到了比较理想的焊接接头,而1 960 r/min的转速过大.接头不同区域所受的机械力和热量不同,显微组织明显不同.搅拌区晶粒细小,显微硬度和强度都有所提高.搅拌摩擦焊接头力学性能与热输入有关;与氩弧焊接头相比,搅拌摩擦焊接接头的性能更好.     

La对AZ61镁合金组织及性能的影响

研究添加稀土La含量为(0,0.5,1.0,1.5)％对AZ61合金的微观组织及室温力学性能的影响.结果表明:加入0.5％ ～1.5％的稀土后,铸态AZ61合金组织中的β-Mg17Al12相明显变得细小,形成了针状的Al11La3相.当稀土含量超过1.0％时,针状的Al11 La3相开始粗化长大,β-Mg17 Al12相的网状结构开始分离,变得细小;La的加入可以提高AZ61合金力学性能,当加入的La含量为1.0％时,AZ61合金的力学性能最好.因此,AZ61合金中加入La的质量分数为1.0％时,为合金化的最佳值.