光学玻璃进展

总结了1982年《光学玻璃》出版以来光学玻璃品种和制造技术方面的进展,包括光学玻璃质量和检测标准的提高,特高、特低折射率新品种玻璃牌号,无铅无砷环保玻璃,光学玻璃连续熔炼和直接压型,非球面透镜精密模压和精密型料等。     

复合熔芯用于复合材料模压成型的研究

以低熔点合金与钢芯嵌件组成的复合熔芯,通过模压成型工艺,可以制造不易于脱模的结构复杂的复合材料件。针对传统熔芯模压成型工艺的缺点,提出了复合熔芯模压成型的基本原理,介绍熔芯材料的选择以及复合熔芯的特点和结构设计准则。结果表明,采用复合熔芯可行,工艺可靠、减少耗能,有效地提高了低熔点合金的使用效率和产品的生产效率。     

无铅低熔点封接玻璃的研究进展

低熔点封接玻璃是非常重要的基础材料,在封接领域具有重要作用.低熔点玻璃的熔点显著低于普通玻璃,常被用作玻璃、陶瓷、金属或者复合材料的封接材料.随着环保要求的提高,无铅低熔点封接玻璃已成为市场发展的必然要求.综述了低熔点封接玻璃的研究现状以及发展趋势,重点介绍了无铅低熔点玻璃在平板显示、晶硅太阳能电池、不锈钢真空密封和电子浆料等领域的应用,并提出了无铅低熔点玻璃的发展方向和突破点.     

期刊文摘

<正>玻璃嵌件注射成型技术(日)《プラスチックス》第65卷第7期第58-61页2014年近年来制品的小型化、轻量化、薄壁化、低价格化,受到人们广泛关注。嵌件注射成型技术可以减少制品成型次数。使制品组件数量和生产效率提高。长期以来光学玻璃零件与塑料零件组合采用粘接剂,生产效率低,产品质量不均一。日本大成プラス公司成功开发光学玻璃零件作为嵌件进行塑料注射成型加     

专利文摘

<正>一种高效超精密玻璃透镜非等温模压成型设备及成型方法专利申请号:CN201410416942.8公开号:CN104176911A申请日:2014.08.22公开日:2014.12.03申请人:西南科技大学本发明公开了一种高效超精密玻璃透镜非等温模压成型设备及成型方法,目的在于解决国内外现有的热模压精密非球面玻璃透镜等温成型设备导致成型周期长,成型效率、生产效率低,模具使用寿命短、利用率低,工件制造成本高的问题。其包括工作台、下模座、上模座、加压云台、真空罩、真空连接管等。本发明在加热、模     

固体浮力材料的等静压成型工艺及性能

以脂环族环氧树脂为基体，空心玻璃微珠(HGMS)为填充材料，分别采用真空辅助等静压成型工艺和模压成型工艺制备了固体浮力材料，并对其性能进行了研究。结果表明：相较于模压成型工艺，采用真空辅助等静压成型工艺制备的固体浮力材料可以有效降低材料密度，提高最大可使用深度。在不断提高HGMS体积分数以得到更低密度深海固体浮力材料时，真空辅助等静压成型工艺制备的固体浮力材料比模压成型工艺制备的固体浮力材料的最大HGMS体积分数可提高1%,密度降低了4.86%,最大可使用深度提高了50%,可达3 000 m。     

玻璃史上的十大里程碑及未来发展趋势

阐明了玻璃发展历史中十大里程碑的发现和发明,即釉砂、吹管、水晶玻璃、燃煤坩埚窑、光学玻璃、玻璃成型机械、蓄热室池窑、浮法玻璃、非氧化物玻璃和光导纤维.此外还指出未来玻璃的技术发展方向.     

真空玻璃用封接材料与封接技术

随着能源与环境问题的日益加剧,新型节能环保材料成为广泛关注的焦点.真空玻璃作为新一代节能玻璃,具有良好的隔热、隔声性能,决定其在节能环保领域有着广泛的用途.以真空玻璃用封接材料和封接技术为出发点,着重归纳总结低熔点玻璃材料和相关封接技术的研究进展,并简要介绍当前真空玻璃发展现状.结合当前研究中存在的不足,对真空玻璃未来的发展进行展望.优化新型环保无铅低熔点玻璃组成及性能,研发封接技术新方法、新工艺,提高封接质量、降低生产成本,将会成为真空玻璃未来研究的主要方向.     

混合型低熔点封接玻璃的结构特征及微观缺陷分析

近年来真空玻璃产业的快速发展带动了低熔点封接玻璃的应用和研发热潮。作者结合真空玻璃封接对低熔点玻璃焊料的性能要求,全面分析了混合型低熔点封接玻璃的组成和结构特征。利用SEM观察研究混合型封接玻璃的微观结构,对常见微观裂纹缺陷的特征和产生原因进行讨论,认为制备混合型低熔点玻璃时,低膨胀或负膨胀填料的颗粒度应该控制在50μm以内。本文对真空玻璃制备过程中的封接玻璃选用、工艺制定以及封接质量控制有参考价值。     

氟磷酸盐光学玻璃漏料管设计及流量控制的研究

选取氟磷酸盐光学玻璃的漏料成型作为研究对象,针对氟磷酸盐光学玻璃的漏料成型过程中,玻璃易产生析晶和成型条纹而进行设计和研究。通过对漏料管长度及管径的计算和设计,达到控制玻璃流量、提高产品质量的目的。     

High-precision molding simulation prediction of glass lens profile for a new lanthanide optical glass

Precision glass lens molding (PGLM) is a recently developed method for fabricating glass optical components with high precision in large volumes. Lanthanum optical glasses are extensively used as optical materials owing to their superior optical properties, such as high refractive index, low dispersion, and high transparency. However, the transformation temperature of currently available high refractive index glass is generally above 650 °C and poses a challenge in manufacturing ultra-hard molds, durable coatings, and high-temperature molding equipment using PGLM. In this study, a preparation method for obtaining high refractive index, low -melting -point lanthanide optical glass (B-ZLaT198) used in PGLM was developed to reduce the transformation temperature. The developed method also characterizes the glass refractive indices and thermal-mechanical properties. To achieve the high-precision prediction of a molding shape in a simulation, a viscoelastic constitutive model of glass was established based on a micro-deformation uniaxial compression creep test. Moreover, by solving the Tool-Narayanasway-Moynihan model parameters based on the specific heat capacity fitting of optical glass at different heating and cooling rates, the input parameters of the structural relaxation model (SRM) for simulation prediction of aspheric glass lens profile deviation in the annealing stage were obtained. Finally, the profile deviation of the aspheric lens was predicted using a finite element model simulation. The results showed that the simulation’s predicted profile of an aspheric lens using the SRM model was in good agreement with that of experimental molding profile. In addition, using the SRM provided a higher prediction accuracy than that of the thermal expansion model in the annealing stage. Adopting the SRM was necessary for the annealing simulations of molding pressing and also verified the accuracy of the proposed viscoelastic characterization method for calculating the thermomechanical parameters of optical glasses.     

A Discussion on the Development of SCF-CO2 Hot Embossing Molding Technology and Replication Moldability

This study developed carbon dioxide (CO₂)-assisted hot embossing molding technology using the penetration of SCF (supercritical fluid), as generated by CO₂ in a high pressure process, into the high polymer plastic substrate in order to realize the plasticization phenomenon. At the glass transition temperature (Tg), microstructure array elements were molded by hot embossing replication, and the optical effects of the formed microstructure were discussed. This study first developed the SCF hot embossing system equipment by evenly infiltrating the plastic substrate through the SCF phenomenon generated by CO₂ under high pressure. Using the characteristics of the CO₂-aided uniform imprinting technology, this study discussed the microstructure replication moldability and optical effects of the microstructure at the Tg temperature. The results suggested that the SCF hot embossing system proposed in this study can successfully transliterate the microstructure onto the photo-resist at Tg temperature. This study also tested and discussed the replication moldability and optical effects of the structure.     

玻纤增强酚醛注塑料的制备技术和性能

研究了玻纤增强酚醛注塑料制备过程中基质树脂的选择、固化作用与交联结构的控制及玻纤分散技术,考察了不同基质树脂制备的酚醛注塑料的固化成型结构形态和固化流变特性.进一步采用热固性与热塑性酚醛树脂相复配的基质树脂体系,经配方和制备工艺的优化,制备了高填充量玻纤增强酚醛注塑料.该注塑料具有良好的注塑成型性能,注塑制品具有高强度, 冲击强度达到4.3 kJ&#8226;m^-2,弯曲强度137.4 MPa,同时热变形温度为 245 ℃,阻燃性通过美国UL 94 V-0级认证,并具有优良的尺寸稳定性、电绝缘性能和低成本优势.     

Experimental investigation of contact heat transfer coefficients in nonisothermal glass molding by infrared thermography

Nonisothermal glass molding has recently become a promising technology solution for the cost-efficient production of complex precision glass optical components. During the molding process, the glass temperature and its temperature distribution have crucial effects on the accuracy of molded optics. In nonisothermal molding, the glass temperature is greatly influenced by thermal contact conductance because there is a large temperature difference between the glass and mold parts. Though widely agreed to be varied during the molding process, the contact conductance was usually assumed as constant coefficients in most early works without sufficient experimental justifications. This paper presents an experiment approach to determine the thermal contact coefficient derived from transient temperature measurements by using infrared thermographic camera. The transient method demonstrates a beneficially short processing time and the adequate measurement at desirable molding temperature without glass sticking. Particularly, this method promises the avoidance of the overestimated contact coefficients derived from steady-state approach due to the viscoelastic deformation of glass during the inevitably long period of holding force. Based on this method, the dependency of thermal contact conductance on mold surface roughness, contact pressure, and interfacial temperature ranging from slightly below-to-above glass transition temperature was investigated. The results reveal the dominance of interfacial temperature on the contact conductance while the linear pressure-dependent conductance with an identical slope observed for all roughness and mold temperatures. The accurate determination of the contact heat transfer coefficients will eventually improve the predictions of the form accuracy, the optical properties, and possible defects such as chill ripples or glass breakage of molded lenses by the nonisothermal glass molding process.     

光学塑料注射模具的设计制作与制品的成型工艺

从模具结构设计,模具材料及热处理选择,模具成型零件的加工工艺,塑料材料及成型及工艺选择,生产环境诸方面的述了生产优质光学塑料制品的方法和影响光学塑料制品的因素。     

玻璃光纤制品医用消毒试验分析

通过对玻璃光纤制品进行常规的4种医用消毒试验，发现干热法和湿热法医用消毒对玻璃光纤制品基本无影响，但药物法和辐射法消毒则对玻璃光纤制品产生出不同程度损伤。试验发现，可以通过改变光学玻璃材料或增加表面增强技术等方法适应不同医用消毒方法，并提出了制造适合医用消毒的化学稳定性强的环保型光学玻璃、耐辐射光学玻璃、可拓宽玻璃光纤光传输波段光学玻璃以及研究玻璃光纤束表面增强技术的必要性和时代性。     

Finite Element Calculation of Refractive Index in Optical Glass Undergoing Viscous Relaxation and Analysis of the Effects of Cooling Rate and Material Properties

In this research, a methodology based on a numerical simulation model is presented to predict refractive index change introduced to two low T_g optical glasses, namely, P-SK57 and P-LASF47, by cooling. To model the structural relaxation behavior of glass around glass transition temperature, the Tool–Narayanaswamy–Moynihan (TNM) model is used. In addition, the fictive temperature of the glass samples during cooling is discussed. The effect of cooling rate on the fictive temperature of the glass samples is also presented. This study demonstrated that finite element method is capable of predicting refractive index of optical glass undergoing viscous relaxation. The simulated results in this study confirm that a higher cooling rate leads to a lower refractive index and a larger variation of refractive index in glass optics. The results also suggest that for glass, materials with high thermal conductivity and low heat capacity are preferred for compression molding process.     

长波红外硫系玻璃制备技术的研究进展

硫系玻璃具有折射率温度系数低、透过谱段范围宽、光学均匀性好、性能可调和易于加工等优点,被视作新一代温度自适应红外热成像系统用核心元件材料,在红外追踪、红外制导、安防监控、辅助驾驶等多个领域具有广阔的应用前景。为了解决极端服役环境对红外材料的需求,硫系玻璃制备技术研究主要涉及以下三个方面:(1)设计开发大尺寸高纯硫系玻璃的制备方法;(2)进行气氛熔制技术探索研究以解决大尺寸硫系玻璃的工程应用需求;(3)将高能球磨、热压等方式引入到硫系玻璃陶瓷制备上,拓展红外光学材料可选范围,提升硫系玻璃极端环境适应能力。本文基于上述三个方面综述了红外硫系玻璃制备技术的研究进展。     

Viscosity Measurement by Cylindrical Compression for Numerical Modeling of Precision Lens Molding Process

Cylindrical compression tests were conducted on two different optical glass grades for determining the high-temperature viscosity and elastic parameters. Numerical simulations of the compression tests and the precision lens molding process were performed by incorporating the data obtained from the compression tests using a commercial finite-element method program. Excellent agreement between the viscosity data from the compression test and the beam bending test was obtained, and a good comparison between the measured and predicted deformation load results was also observed. Further issues that have emerged from this research that would be relevant to the ongoing research on the numerical modeling of the precision aspherical lens molding process include determination of high-temperature elastic properties of glass (i.e. elastic and shear modulus) and friction characterization at the glass–mold interface.     

模压及其增强材料发展动向

综合分析了模压技术及模压材料的国内外发展情况,文中认为,SMC、BMC用玻璃纤维正向环保型方向发展,热塑性复合材料模压成型已成为当今发展热点之一,适合高强度、大型制件成型的高压树脂传递模塑(RTM)正逐步应用于汽车制造等产业。