用金红石型纳米TiO2改善粉末涂料耐光老化性能

以金红石型纳米TiO2为抗紫外光老化添加剂改性聚酯粉末涂料,采用TEM、XRD等测试手段表征纳米TiO2的性能特征,并用UV-Vis分析金红石型纳米TiO2、锐钛型纳米TiO2以及普通金红石型钛白粉的紫外-可见光特征谱。探讨了纳米TiO2屏蔽紫外线的机理,并用高压紫外汞灯人工加速聚酯粉末涂料的光老化降解,对比分析了未改性聚酯粉末涂料、金红石型纳米TiO2改性聚酯粉末涂料以及有机紫外吸收剂改性聚酯粉末涂料的光泽度变化和色差变化。研究结果表明,纳米TiO2能够使聚酯粉末涂料的抗紫外光老化性能得到较大幅度改善,并能赋予聚酯粉末涂料优异的耐候性能和延长产品的户外使用寿命。     

金红石和锐钛型TiO2的X射线衍射定量分析

就Ｄ／ｍａｘ－ＲＣ转靶Ｘ射线衍射仪对金红石和锐钛型ＴｉＯ_２定量分析精度和主要误差因素进行了探讨。指出金红石和锐钛型ＴｉＯ_２定量分析用纯标样法和Ｋ值法配合使用为宜；在Ｃｕ－Ｋα辐射条件下（衍射峰背底扣除△２θ在０．７～１．２°之间），扫描速度≤５°／ｍｉｎ，试样中金红石或锐钛型ＴｉＯ_２含量在１５％以上，定量误差＜５％。     

纳米复合粉体对外墙涂料的改性研究

采用Uv-Vis研究比较了金红石型纳米TiO2以及金红石型纳米TiO2＋SiO2复合粉体的紫外．可见光学特性。结果表明金红石型纳米TiO2＋SiO2复合粉体比金红石型TiO2单一纳米粉体具有更加优异的紫外线吸收性能；并分别制备了含有0．5％，1％，2％TiO2＋SiO2复合粉体和没有纳米粉体改性的外墙涂料，通过人工紫外加速老化实验和其他性能测试发现：相比原始外墙涂料，改性外墙涂料的抗紫外光老化性能和其他性能都得到大幅提高，其中含1％TiO2＋SiO2复合粉体的外墙涂料性能提高最为明显。     

低量Gd^3＋／Fe^3＋共掺杂TiO2制备及催化活性

利用溶胶-凝胶法在煅烧温度540℃制备了纯的和不同Gd^3＋／^3＋共掺杂的TiO2纳米粉体,并用XRD技术对样品进行了表征。研究了Gd^3＋／Fe^3＋共杂量对样品相结构、晶粒尺寸和光催化降解亚甲基蓝的活性的影响,利用相结构与纳米TiO2光催化活性关系探讨了Gd^2＋／Fe^3＋共掺杂对纳米TiO2的光催化活性。结果表明,与纯TiO2相比,适量共掺杂Gd^3＋／Fe^3＋可以显著提高其光催化活性。当Gd^3＋／Fe^3＋共掺杂量为0．04％／0．04％,Ti02纳米粉体的光催化活性最佳,降解率为89．96％,其金红石相含量为32％,平均晶粒粒径为30nm,Gd^3＋／Fe^3＋共掺杂强烈地抑制TiO2由锐钛矿相向金红石相的转变,减小晶粒尺寸这两方面均有利于提高光催化活性。     

湖南大学研发纳米二氧化钛改性氟碳涂料

湖南大学余刚、胡波年和杨景花等人日前研究成功一种纳米二氧化钛改性氟碳涂料及其制备工艺与应用，该涂料是将锐钛矿型纳米TiO2和金红石型纳米TiO2混合物添加到现有氟碳涂料中，添加比例为：锐钛矿型纳米TiO2和金红石型纳米TiO2混合物，氟碳涂料的质量比为1～4：100；所述锐钛矿型纳米TiO2和金红石型纳米TiO2混合物中，锐钛矿型纳米TiO2和金红石型纳米TiO2二者质量配比为4：1。本发明还包括所述改性氟碳涂料的制备工艺及用于涂敷铝合金板材的前处理工艺。使用本发明之氟碳涂料涂装后的铝合金型材和板材具有良好的白清洁性能，耐沾污和耐洗刷性能，良好的耐候性、耐化学腐蚀性，防水防潮，质量轻、防震、隔声、隔热、色泽均匀、不开裂、不变形、不剥落、不褪色等特点。     

TiO2掺杂CeO2催化超声降解甲基橙

以合成TiO2掺杂CeO2作为催化剂,以超声降解甲基橙反应为模型,研究了各种因素对TiO2掺杂CeO2催化超声降解甲基橙溶液的影响。结果表明,在TiO2(掺杂CeO2)催化剂作用下超声降解甲基橙的效果明显优于单纯以锐钛矿型TiO2催化时的情况。TiO2(掺杂CeO2)用量为0.5 g/L～1.0 g/L、超声波频率为25 kHz、输出功率为1.0 W/cm2、pH值为1.0～3.0时,初始浓度为20 mg/L的甲基橙水溶液在80 min左右基本可降解完全,COD的去除率达到了99.0%。     

掺杂钕离子纳米TiO2的制备及光催化降解水中苯酚的研究

以钛酸四丁醇为原料，采用溶胶．凝胶法制备了掺杂Nd^3＋的纳米TiO2光催化剂，探讨了掺杂对二氧化钛光催化活性的影响。通过X射线衍射（XRD），透射电镜（XRD）对制备的Md^3＋掺杂TiO2样品的相组成和晶粒大小进行了分析，并以苯酚为降解对象，考察了不同掺杂浓度，不同热处理温度下掺杂TiO2对苯酚的光催化降解效果。结果表明：掺杂Nd^3＋的TiO2为锐钛矿和金红石的混合晶相，Nd^3＋掺杂可阻碍TiO2的晶相转变，减小催化剂的晶粒尺寸，提高TiO2粒子的光催化活性。在本实验范围内，当Nd^3＋质量分数为0．8％（以TiO2质量计），处理温度为500℃时，TiO2光催化活性较高。与未掺杂的TiO2相比，其光催化活性提高约70％。     

纳米TiO2改性内墙乳胶漆的抗菌性能及甲醛降解研究

为了制备具有空气净化和抑菌功能的环保型内墙涂料,在分析纳米TiO2的光催化原理,铈离子和银离子抑菌机理的基础上,采用锐钛型纳米TiO2载银载铈复合改性纯丙内墙乳胶漆,并对改性后的内墙涂料进行了定性的抑菌环试验、定量的抑菌率试验和甲醛降解试验研究。试验结果表明,纳米TiO2载银载铈复合改性后的内墙涂料具有优异的抗菌性能和甲醛降解能力,经24h后,改性内墙涂料的抑菌率达到99．9％以上,经过40WEt光灯照射8h后甲醛降解率达到75％。     

TiO2／活性炭的制备与光催化性能

以活性炭(AC)为载体，采用Sol-Gel法制备纳米TiO2／AC复合催化剂，利用SEM，TG-DTA，XRD等对其组成、结构、尺寸等进行分析和表征；并用紫外灯为光源，通过可溶性罗丹明B的光催化降解反映对其光催化活性进行研究。结果表明，TiO2纳米粒子的尺寸范围在30nm～60nm之间，其中TiO2的晶型主要为锐钛矿；活性炭载体与TiO2结合牢固，TiO2纳米颗粒不发生二维粘结；TiO2／AC复合体的比表面积比活性炭载体的大，对罗丹明B在200min内达到完全降解，而P25需要5h，TiO2／AC复合体具有很强的光催化活性，并且制备的TiO2／AC复合体催化剂容易从溶液中分离。     

纳米TiO2/SnO2粉体的溶胶-凝胶法制备研究

以有机、无机盐为原料，通过加入稳定剂、催化剂，采用溶胶一凝胶法制备了TiO2、SnO2和TiO2／SnO2纳米微粒，采用XRD、SEM和XPS等技术对粒子的结构和组成进行分析，研究结果表明：TiO2／SnO2粒子主要由锐钛矿型TiO2和金红石型SnO2组成，与纯TiO2、SnO2相比，TiO2／SnO2微粒的粒度小、分布均匀、不团聚。     

Ultrasonic Degradation of Methyl Orange in Presence of Y2O3 Doping Anatase TiO2 Catalyst

Various affecting factors and degradation mechanism were studied on ultrasonic degradation of methyl orange adopting Y2O3 doping anatase TiO2 catalyst prepared in laboratory.In the experiment, the UV-VIS spectrophotometer was used to follow and inspect the degradation process of methyl orange.The results indicate that the ultrasonic degradation ratios of methyl orange in the presence of anatase TiO2 catalyst are much better than those without catalyst.Moreover, the catalytic performance of Y2O3 doping anatase TiO2 catalyst is obviously higher than that of anatase TiO2 catalyst without doping.The optimal conditions were adopted in this work and the degradation and COD elimination ratio of methyl orange got to98% and 99.0% in 90 min, respectively.     

超声场辅助制备碳纳米管/氧化钨纳米棒高效光催化剂的研究

采用超声场辅助制备了碳纳米管/氧化钨纳米棒.采用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、能谱分析仪（EDS）、高分辨透射电镜（HRTEM）等手段对样品进行了表征,结果表明：在超声波的作用下,碳纳米管分散均匀,钨酸较为均匀地负载在碳纳米管表面上,经过800℃焙烧3 h,可以生成纳米级的碳纳米管/氧化钨棒.以日光灯（11 W）为光源,考察了催化剂和双氧水对亚甲基蓝降解率的影响.采用紫外可见分光光度计测定了反应液的吸光度,结果表明：在分别单独添加催化剂和双氧水的情况下,亚甲基蓝几乎无降解,当加入30 mg催化剂和2.5 mL双氧水时,当光照时间为70 min时,脱色率达到95.3%.通过5次回收后重复实验,发现该催化剂稳定性较好,可重复使用.     

纳米TiO2改性彩色涂层钢板的涂层老化性能

 采用超声预分散结合湿球磨法和分散剂复配方式对纳米TiO2进行表面改性处理,研制了均匀稳定分散的纳米TiO2分散液,表征了纳米TiO2改性后的彩涂板涂料及涂层性能。结果表明：纳米TiO2在分散液中的粒径集中分布在60~100 nm范围,可完全吸收330 nm左右的紫外线,对长波紫外线的散射吸收作用强于对短波紫外线的散射吸收。纳米TiO2改性彩涂板涂料用量为w(TiO2)=20%~30%。纳米TiO2改性处理可提高涂层柔韧性和附着力,减少涂层色差变化,降低失光率。涂层抗紫外老化性能优于同类传统彩涂板涂料涂层。     

稀土上转光剂(Y3Al5O12∶Er^3+)复合TiO2光催化剂的制备及其催化性能的研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法、高温煅烧法和超声分散法制备了Y3Al5O12∶Er^3+/TiO2复合光催化剂,并对制备的样品进行了XRD和SEM表征。利用次甲基蓝水溶液模拟有机污染水,对比了单一TiO2,上转光剂Y3Al5O12∶Er^3+以及Y3Al5O12∶Er^3+/TiO2复合光催化剂的催化活性。同时讨论了煅烧温度、煅烧时间、光照射时间、光照强度以及光催化剂用量等因素对光催化剂性能的影响。结果表明,煅烧温度为550℃、煅烧时间为90 min,照射时间为150 min,光照强度为1.0 mW/cm2和催化剂的量为1.00 g/L时,Y3Al5O12∶Er^3+/TiO2复合光催化剂降解次甲基蓝表现出了最佳的催化效果。     

纳米TiO2负载钯催化剂的性能研究

采用浸渍法制备了纳米TiO2负载钯催化剂,以乙炔选择催化加氢制备乙烯为反应模型考察了稀土元素La、空速对纳米Pd／TiO2催化剂性能的影响,并与纳米SiO2为载体的Pd—La／SiO2催化剂的性能做了比较。实验结果表明,纳米Pd／TiO2催化剂具有良好的催化活性和性能稳定性,La的加入显著提高了乙烯的选择性、增幅达加％左右。与Pd—La／SiO2催化剂相比,Pd—La／TiO2催化剂具有更高的选择性。     

Comparison of Liquid and Gas-Phase Photooxidation of MTBE: Synthetic and Field Samples

The feasibility of photooxidation treatment of methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) in water was investigated using two systems: (1) a slurry falling film photoreactor and (2) an integrated air stripping with gas phase photooxidation system. Methyl tert-butyl ether-contaminated synthetic water and field samples from contaminated sites were used for these studies. Using a TiO2 slurry (0.1 g/L; Degussa P25) flowing down at a rate of up to 0.26 L/min over the inner surface of a glass tube surrounding a 1-kW medium pressure mercury lamp, more than 99% of MTBE in the synthetic samples, initially at 1 mg/L, was degraded within 90 min. The major degradation products from MTBE were tert-butyl alcohol, tert-butyl formate, and small amounts of acetone. However, the degradation of MTBE and its byproducts in contaminated groundwater samples was hindered significantly by dissolved metals such as Fe2+, chloride ions, and aromatic organic species. Integrating air stripping with gas-phase photocatalysis is an an effective alternative that would not be affected by the water chemistry. The reaction rates for MTBE degradation in the gas phase are orders of magnitude faster than in aqueous solution.     

SO2 poisoning and regeneration of Mn-Ce/TiO2 catalyst for low temperature NOx reduction with NH_3

SO2 poisoning and regeneration of Mn-Ce/TiO2 catalyst prepared by a novel co-precipitation method for low temperature selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOx with ammonia were investigated in this study. When 700 ppm SO2 was fed in, the Mn-Ce/TiO2 catalyst had good resistance to SO2, but the deactivation of Mn-Ce/TiO2 poisoned by SO2 still occurred. The NO conversion of Mn-Ce/TiO2 (the molar ra-tio of Ce to Ti is 0.075) catalyst decreased from 92.5% to 34.6% in 13 h. Characterizations of fresh and SO2-poisoned Mn-Ce/TiO2 catalysts were carried out by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method (BET), ion chromatography (IC), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The characterized results indicated that the deposition of sulfates and nitrates on the surface made the catalyst deactivated. Water washing, thermal regeneration and reductive regeneration were used to regenerate the deactivated Mn-Ce/TiO2. And water washing showed best performance on the regeneration of poisoned catalysts, especially with ultrasonic vibration. The Mn-Ce/TiO2 catalyst showed high stability under a series of deactivation-regeneration experiments for ten cycles.     

Metal Recovery and Catalyst Reuse from the Photocatalytic Oxidation of Copper-Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid

Photocatalytic oxidation (PCO) is an advanced oxidation process that has recently been shown to be effective in the treatment of recalcitrant metal complexes, such as Cu(II)-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). The PCO of Cu(II)-EDTA was studied to determine copper recovery and the reusability of the titanium dioxide (TiO2) photocatalyst. Aqueous solutions of Cu(II)-EDTA (10?4?M) were treated using illuminated TiO2. After PCO treatment, TiO2 was filtered and extracted with H2SO4 (0.1, 0.5, 1 N) to remove adsorbed copper. The recovered TiO2 catalyst was then reused in subsequent experiments. The recovered copper was concentrated in the extraction solution by a factor of 14.7 over that of the initial copper concentration. An additional experiment was performed using the same TiO2 without copper removal for eight consecutive PCO treatments. In both experiments, the initial rate of photocatalysis did not change significantly with reuse and was similar to that obtained from virgin TiO2 (5.6 μM/min). It is suggested that Cu(II)-EDTA could be effectively treated using an integrated cyclic procedure of PCO, catalyst recovery, and acid extraction for Cu recovery.     

Er3+∶YAlO3/Fe掺杂TiO2复合物的制备及光催化活性研究

对TiO2半导体材料进行改性,分别通过溶胶凝胶、超声波分散和溶液沸腾的方法合成了Er3+∶YAlO3/Fe掺杂TiO2复合物光催化剂,并且采用XRD和SEM进行表征,研究了各种因素在太阳光照射下降解酸性红B的催化活性,也考察了Er3+∶YAlO3的包覆量、Er3+∶YAlO3/Fe掺杂TiO2的量、太阳光照射时间、酸性红B的初始浓度和氯化钠浓度等其降解过程用UV-Vis光谱进行检测。实验结果表明,加入上转光剂之后降解率大幅度增加,改性后的光催化剂可以有效地降解染料废水。     

含钛高炉渣制备甲醛吸附剂的研究

鉴于高炉渣中含有具有良好光催化降解作用的TiO2,且来源廉价广泛,因此研究如何高效合理地利用含钛高炉渣便成为必然。采用分析纯盐酸,在室温条件下对含钛高炉渣进行不同时间的酸浸处理,并进行比表面积、SEM扫描电镜、EDS能谱及甲醛吸附性能的测试。结果表明:酸浸处理后吸附剂表面为多孔结构,吸附剂比表面积由4.56 m2/g增大到105.35 m2/g,可用作甲醛的吸附剂;随酸浸时间的延长,吸附剂中Ti的含量由15.33%增加到最高31.39%,折算为TiO2的含量为39.6%,即酸浸处理可使含钛高炉渣中的TiO2富集。其中,酸浸时间为5 h的样品获得比表面积105.35 m2/g、TiO2含量34.7%,甲醛吸附能力达0.36 mg/g,是市场销售活性炭吸附能力(0.12 mg/g)的3倍。