Flash flooding in Spain: geomorphological approaches supporting flood frequency analysis, and the implications for the design of structures

Conventional methods for the estimation of flood frequency are generally based on the statistical analysis of data series resulting from the measurement of water levels at specific locations, which are translated into discharges (m³/s) using standard stage/discharge relationships. Subsequently, these gauged flows are used to identify the largest flood event experienced by a river or catchment, and to produce growth curves used in the estimation of the return periods of specific flood events, as well as in the calculation of discharges for specific required design events (e.g. return period 1 in 100 year). In areas where gauging data records are scarce, and/or the data series are short or interrupted, geomorphological interpretation of the physical environment, dating of fluvial deposits and flooding episodes and hydraulic reconstruction of past flood events can be used as complementary tools aiding conventional hydrological and flood frequency analysis methods. This paper will discuss the undertaking of this approach in the Guadalope Catchment in northeast Spain. It will examine the findings in relation to the inadequate design of existing structures such as dams, spillways, canals and reservoirs, and will also look at the potential risks associated with flooding at present.     

An Assessment of the Suitability of the Environment Agency's Water-Quality Classification System for Use in Urban Catchments

Despite the increasing range of water-quality indicators, the classification and target-setting strategy which has been adopted by the Environment Agency for England and Wales is dominated by the assessment of water chemistry at low flow. Using the example of Pymme's Brook in north London, this paper examines the suitability of such data for classifying the quality of urban watercourses and its ability to reveal quality changes. The data expose a weakness in the Environment Agency's methodology, because they suggest that, when used alone, chemical monitoring leads to water quality being greatly over-estimated and inappropriate targets being set. It is therefore recommended that other quality indicators should be fully integrated into the assessment system in order to overcome these problems.     

非平原城市排洪规划技术路线研究

对非平原城市的防洪排涝规划进行了新的诠释和定义,通过对排洪规划重现期的选择、城区洪峰流量的推求方法、排洪规划方案的确定、城市内河水面线的计算以及排洪规划与城市竖向规划之间的配合等方面的研究,提出了非平原城市排洪规划的初步技术框架.     

Analysis of rainfall series in the design of urban drainage control systems

Intensity-duration-frequency curves are traditionally used in the design of urban runoff treatment and management systems. The uniform intensity for a specified duration and return period is selected for a design storm without consideration of the inter-event dry periods between two successive rainfall events. For many purposes, especially those related to urban storm pollution control and receiving water impacts, the cumulative effects of successive storm events must be taken into account. This fact requires the selection of design storms where the minimum inter-event dry periods are adjusted to the effect in question. This paper will discuss the concept of inter-event dry periods for evaluation of design storms derived from a rainfall record. As an example the rainfall record for the city of Odense, Denmark, has been analyzed. The basic statistics as well as the importance of the concept will be illustrated.     

基于EPS的城市排水防涝设施普查内业数据处理系统的设计与实现

主要研究了调用现有排水管线数据、补充新的属性数据及按《城市排水防涝设施普查数据采集与管理技术导则（试行）》导出规定格式Pdb数据的方法,并确定了城市排水防涝设施普查内业数据处理流程,重点研究了基于EPS平台实现外业Excel文件直接调用、点线对象排号的关键技术。     

城市土地收益分配中的税费制度研究

在市场经济条件下，城市土地作为城市建设发展的基本资源和城市社会经济的物质基础，正以一种资产的形式参与社会生产和再生产，建立完善的城市土地收益分配制度，对于优化配置城市土地、促进城市社会与经济协调发展，实现城市土地可持续利用有着重要现实意义，本文重点对我国现行城市土地收益分配中的税费制度进行了分析，并针对问题提出了改进的意见。     

绕阳河下游辽河油田遭受内涝的原因及对策

利用工程技术治理内涝,必须进行细致的现场勘查,探明内涝根源,再经过科学论证,才能保证工程项目的可行性及合理性,而周密和符合实际的设计是保证工程功能性的必要条件,但是,合理利用水资源,减少水土流失才是根治内涝的根本条件.     

海量城市三维模型数据管理研究与系统实现

三维数字城市建设持续推进,城市三维模型数据规模日趋庞大,如何高效管理海量三维模型数据是当前亟须解决的问题。本文阐述了三维模型数据管理的研究现状,并结合宁波市实际,设计并实现了3ds Max模型数据管理系统。实践证明,系统能够大幅提高3ds Max模型数据管理效率。     

Water sensitive residential developments: Application of LIUDD principles and methods in the Netherlands,Australia and New Zealand

One method of enhancing the health of receiving water ecosystems is to ensure that local plans and practices guiding urban development are underpinned by appropriate design principles. This paper reports on a policy and practices framework developed in New Zealand, and investigates the uptake and implementation of Low Impact Urban Design and Development (LIUDD). A hierarchy of LIUDD principles has been developed as a foundation for policy development in statutory and non-statutory plans and guidelines. Each principle is accompanied by practical implementation methods using sustainable technologies in a local context. Greenfield developments in urban growth areas in the Netherlands, Australia and New Zealand are assessed with respect to elements of the framework. The assessments show that the LIUDD principles are relevant internationally across greenfield developments of similar town and catchment scales. Application of the principles can inform decision makers so that they become more critically aware of aquatic sustainability imperatives in the urban design and redevelopment process.     

基于RFID的城市照明设施智能巡检管理系统的设计与实现

城市照明设施设备的巡检管理工作是保障市民出行安全、维护城市形象的一项重要工作。本文针对传统巡检管理方法存在诸如"巡检效率低、巡检不到位,漏检错检严重、巡检结果时效性差"等问题,基于射频识别(RFID)、GIS、GPS、移动无线通讯等技术设计并研发了城市照明设施智能巡检管理系统。该系统不仅极大提高了巡检管理的效率与智能化程度,也解决了传统巡检方法存在的种种问题。     

面向实施的城市风貌规划编制体系与编制方法探索

针对越来越突出的“千城一面”问题,很多城市开展了城市风貌规划的编制工作.就当前我国城市风貌规划编制方法与思路来看,大多立足于规划成果的全面性、系统性、学术性和严谨性,这种“大而全”的规划成果较少考虑与规划实施管理的衔接,导致规划成果常常被“束之高阁”.现以城市风貌规划成果的可实施性为研究导向,力使规划成果更贴近规划管理,更为直接地实现风貌控制目标.并探索建构了面向实施的城市风貌规划编制体系和编制方法.     

The Application of a Computer-Based System in the Development of Objective River Maintenance

During recent years the need for more objective ways of planning river maintenance work has been highlighted by (a) a greater emphasis on justifying budgets, (b) the requirement to provide 'levels of service' indicators, and (c) the growing concern from conservationists. This has prompted the development of a computer system within the Severn Trent Authority, known as the Rivers Information and Maintenance System (RIMS), which is described in this paper. This system allows engineers who are responsible for the maintenance of about 3500 km of main river in the STWA area to assess the costs, benefits, and ultimately the environmental impact, of carrying out such works as dredging, tree work and weed control.     

深圳双轨制城市设计运作机制分析及启示

通过详细分析深圳双轨制城市设计运作的由来与发展、组成内容、具体编制审批实施机制、代表实例,总结其特点和经验,指出了存在问题及完善的对策,并提炼其对中国其他城市和地区城市设计实效运作的有益借鉴和启示。     

杭州城市开发边界划定与实施研究

合理引导城市空间的有序发展,避免城市空间的无序蔓延是当前特大城市发展过程中需要面对的一项重大课题.在解读杭州城市空间扩展中出现的实际问题的基础上,借鉴国内外先进经验,按三生融合的要求,探索杭州开发边界划定方法,提出从空间管制的本源出发,依法落实各项空间管制的要求,形成多规融合的空间一张图.同时,为推进杭州城市开发边界的实施,研究基于边界外空间状况的充分调查与分析,因地制宜提出可操作的分类治理措施,并制定具体实施行动计划,建立长效监管机制,形成高效政策合力.从而发挥城市开发边界对杭州生态文明建设、空间永续利用、城区一体化发展和多规融合的推动作用.杭州作为试点城市,在城市开发边界的划定与实施中的实践探索也将推动开发边界的制度化、长效化和常态化,使其成为促进城乡空间协调发展的空间治理工具.     

城市暴雨处理及分析集成模型系统(SUSTAIN)介绍

暴雨的管理与控制已经成为制约城市可持续发展的重要议题之一,最佳管理实践(BMP)和低影响开发(LID)策略的提出,对于改变传统观念、建立新型的城市暴雨管理体系具有积极意义,但缺乏有效的设计与评估工具,制约了该理念的工程推广与应用。美国国家环保局(USEPA)支持开发的城市暴雨处理及分析集成模型系统(SUSTAIN),以ArcGIS为基础平台,综合应用了水文、水力和水质分析模型,可以对BMP和LID的措施类型、安置地点和实施效果进行科学有效的设计与评估,对于在我国开展暴雨管理措施的模型分析与设计评估具有很好的借鉴意义。     

EVA绩效体系在国有施工集团企业中的构建与实施

本文对施工集团企业构建EVA绩效管理体系作了一些分析,旨在为企业如何进行绩效管理提供一种新思路.     

外秦淮河生态系统健康评价及南京城市水环境改善对策

自20世纪以来,特别是近50年,随着人口的快速增长,城乡工业的迅猛发展,大量的工业污染,生活污染物质排入秦淮河水系,造成秦淮湿地严重退化,直接导致秦淮河流域生态状况和水环境质量下降,为了提高对秦淮河生态状况和其在城市生态系统中功能和影响的认知,在调查秦淮河全段生态环境质量的基础上,利用湿地生态系统健康评价指标体系,比较和评估了外秦淮河和秦淮河上游的生态环境状况;并根据外秦淮河作为自然-经济-社会复合生态系统的特点,重点对其水环境恶化的现状和生态实质进行了研究分析。最后结合生态学原理和整体最优原则提出了外秦淮河治理的五条对策,为改善南京城市水环境提供决策依据。     

内蒙古自治区建设系统检测试验机构的现状及管理思路

针对内蒙古自治区建设系统检测试验机构的现状,分析其存在的问题,依据质量管理工作经验,提出管理思路,即建立、运行和有效确认管理体系,实行科学的质量管理。     

经济全球化视角下长三角区域的城市体系演化:关联网络和价值区段的分析方法

伴随着经济全球化的进程,长三角区域越来越纳入全球经济网络,城市体系演化表现出新的特征.从经济全球化的视角,采用关联网络和价值区段的分析方法,揭示了长三角区域的城市体系演化的3个主要特征:①上海作为长三角区域的"门户城市",发挥向外连接全球网络和向内辐射区域腹地的"两个扇面"作用:②长三角区域内部的城市之间关联网络具有层级和地域的双重属性,企业是城市之间关联网络的"作用者":③经济全球化进程中的国际劳动分工导致长三角区域的城市体系正在从以"行业类型"为特征的空间经济结构转变成为以"价值区段"为特征的空间经济结构.     

城市规划中应构造生态的河涌水网--以广州河涌断面的设置形式为例

广州市现有的大部分河涌断面形式设计忽视河涌的景观功能。城市规划中应建设多自然河流,河流平面定线设计应尽量保持原有河道;河道横断面设计应形成滩涂、水潭置水域到陆地的过渡带;针对河涌的实际情况,采用不同的断面设计。