改性涤纶碱胺同浴碱处理

探讨了改性涤纶碱胺同浴碱处理的工艺条件及处理后纤维的性能及表面形态。结果表明 :改性涤纶碱胺同浴碱处理的最佳工艺条件为 :乙二胺 2 % (OWF) ,氢氧化钠 2 8% (OWF ) ,温度 70℃ ,时间 6 0m in,在此条件下使得改性涤纶的碱减量率控制在 15 %～ 2 0 %时 ,对纤维的力学性能及热稳定性影响不大 ,而使纤维表面形成了深一层的凹槽 ,为改性涤纶的进一步舒适性整理打下良好的基础     

阳离子明胶蛋白助剂在涤纶碱减量中的应用研究

将自制的阳离子明胶蛋白助剂应用于涤纶碱减量处理工艺中,探讨阳离子明胶蛋白助剂对涤纶减量率的影响以及对涤纶吸湿性的影响,同时与促进剂1227的作用效果进行比较,评价阳离子明胶蛋白助剂的处理效果。结果表明:阳离子明胶蛋白助剂对涤纶碱减量有一定促进作用,同时对涤纶有一定改性作用,能进一步改善碱减量涤纶织物的服用性能。虽然阳离子明胶蛋白助剂对涤纶碱减量的促进效果低于促进剂1227,但其对改善涤纶吸湿性、透气性、抗静电性和白度效果优于1227。     

碱处理对抗菌导湿聚酯纤维性能的影响

讨论了使用碱处理方法对抗菌导湿涤纶进行亲水化改性的影响。用保水率和快干性能对纤维的吸湿、导湿性能的变化进行表征,探讨了碱处理对纤维的表面结构、吸水性、导湿性及抗菌性能的影响。结果表明,随着纤维横截面异形度的变化和碱处理浓度的增加,纤维表面产生微孔,纤维的吸湿性和织物的导湿性能都得到改善。     

碱处理对纳米改性涤纶形态和松弛特性影响

将聚酯切片在熔融纺丝过程中添加纳米微粒制成的纳米改性涤纶进行碱处理,探讨了碱处理对纳米改性涤纶的表面形态、常规力学性能指标、力学松弛特征和拉伸柔量的影响。结果表明,碱处理后纳米改性涤纶表面产生微孔,其纤维断裂强伸度和断裂比功比碱处理前纳米改性涤纶小,应力松弛和蠕变现象比碱处理前纳米改性涤纶更明显、更易发生;碱处理后纳米改性涤纶的拉伸柔量要比碱处理前纳米改性涤纶的大。     

碱处理对PTT纤维结构性能的影响

研究了碱处理对PTT纤维的结构性能及其表面形态的影响。结果表明:PTT纤维经碱处理后,表面形成明显的坑穴,结晶结构和热性能变化不大,强度有所降低,吸湿性能、染色性能有所提高。当减量率达到16.35%时,其上染率明显提高。研究结果对改善PTT纤维的染色性能及开发PTT纤维混纺或交织物同浴碱处理具有一定的意义。     

涤纶改性技术发展动向

涤纶改性是近年以来合成纤维研究中的主要发展方向,通过涤纶的吸湿性输水性的改善、纤维截面形状的改变、接枝共聚改性、碱水解处理、超仿真技术等工艺方法可制得舒适性涤纶,舒适性涤纶是涤纶改性的主要发展方向。经过改性的涤纶,其服用舒适性、阻燃性、抗菌性、抗凝血性等性能     

易染色高吸水涤纶碱处理及染色性能研究

研究了题述纤维的碱处理技术及其染色性能,并与常规加有磺酸基高聚物的改性中空涤纶作了比较.结果表明,前者比后者的染色性能要好,更适宜用作仿丝绸原料.     

氢氧化钠的乙醇溶液对改性涤纶碱处理的工艺探讨

讨论了改性涤纶在氢氧化钠乙醇溶液中处理的工艺条件,并用正交试验设计的方差分析法分析了影响改性涤纶碱处理的各个因素,得出了本试验中碱处理的最佳工艺条件。结果表明:在促进剂为1g·L-1,浴比为1:50时,以乙醇为溶剂的氢氧化钠溶液浓度为10 g·L-1,时间20 min,温度为40℃时改性涤纶的减量率为18％左右,达到满意的仿真丝效果。     

碱-等离子体处理涤纶织物的时效性研究

将涤纶织物分别进行30,60,90℃的碱处理后再进行等离子体处理,探讨了碱预处理对等离子体处理效果的时效性的影响;测定处理后纤维的润湿、芯吸和染色等性能以及放置过程中的性能变化,并对纤维的微观形态及其表面化学成分进行了表征。结果表明:经碱-等离子体联合处理后,涤纶织物的润湿、芯吸和染色等性能的提高较经单独等离子体处理更显著,且在放置过程中织物性能的衰减较单独等离子体处理减缓;碱预处理使等离子体处理的时效性得到改善。     

镁碱沸石分子筛改性研究进展

镁碱沸石分子筛独特的孔道结构使其在催化领域得到广泛应用,如作为吸附剂或用于合成气制二甲醚、正丁烯骨架异构、己烯骨架异构和丁烯聚合等反应。近年来,由于异丁烯供不应求,用于正丁烯骨架异构制异丁烯的镁碱沸石分子筛的研究受到关注。分子筛的孔道结构、酸性以及比表面积等物化性能是决定催化性能的重要因素,这些物化性质可通过改性方法调控,从而达到优化催化性能的目的。从离子交换改性、脱铝改性、碱处理改性以及表面修饰改性综述国内外镁碱沸石分子筛改性的研究进展,分别论述各种改性方法,总结改性后镁碱沸石分子筛在正丁烯骨架异构、N₂O分解、二甲苯异构及二丁醇脱水等反应中的催化性能,并对改性机理进行综述,对镁碱沸石分子筛未来发展方向进行展望。     

Comparative study of the structure and properties of wool treated by a chicken‐feather keratin agent,plasma, and their combination

Wool was treated by a chicken‐feather keratin agent, plasma, and their combination. These treated wools were characterized with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The performance properties, such as the antifelting performance, wettability, and dyeability, of these treated fibers were tested. The results show that the antifelting performance, wettability, and dyeability of the wool modified by plasma combined with the chicken‐feather keratin were improved. This joint treatment technology is an environmentally friendly green ecological finishing technique. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011     

Laser scanning confocal microscope characterization of dye diffusion in nylon 6 fibers treated with atmospheric pressure plasmas

The effect of atmospheric pressure plasma treatment on wettability and dyeability of nylon 6 fibers is investigated. The plasma treatments resulted in an average of 10°–20° decrease in the advancing contact angle and 20°–30° decrease in the receding contact angle. An increased dye diffusion rate of nylon 6 fibers was observed using laser scanning confocal microscope (LSCM). Scanning electron microscope confirmed that the fiber surfaces were roughened, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed that the polar groups on the fiber surfaces increased after the plasma treatments. As the plasma treatment time increased, a greater degree of etching was achieved and more polar groups such as hydroxyl and carboxyl groups produced on the surfaces of the nylon 6 fibers, leading to a better wettability and thus a better dyeability of the fiber. This study proved that LSCM may be effectively used in detecting the change of dye diffusion rate in nylon fibers treated with plasmas and the mounting medium should have a close refractive index as the fiber to avoid distortion of the fiber cross section image. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

Influence of fiber wettability on the interfacial adhesion of continuous fiber‐reinforced PPESK composite

Interfacial adhesion between fiber and matrix has a strong influence on composite mechanical performance: better interfacial adhesion can enhance composite transverse properties, flexural properties, and interlaminar shear strength, and so on. To exploit the reinforcement potential of the fibers in advanced composite, it is necessary to reach a deeper understanding on the relation between fiber wettability and interfacial adhesion. In our experiment, we study the influence of fiber wettability on interfacial properties of fiber/PPESK composites by choosing three kinds of fibers with different wettabilities. The relation between fiber wettability and surface free energy was discussed, and the influence of fiber wettability on the interfacial property of fiber/PPESK composites was analyzed. Results indicate that higher surface free energy can enhance the wettability between fiber and matrix, and the humid resistance and interfacial adhesion can be improved at the same time. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 2544–2551, 2006     

聚丙烯纤维的等离子体改性研究

本文着重研究了聚丙烯纤维在等离子体中处理后的吸湿性能和染色性能的改变情况。结果表明经等离子体处理过的样品其吸湿性能和染色性能都有很大的改善。处理过的样品回潮率大约为未处理样品的120～400％,其染色性能从未处理的5级提高到1级的标准。处理后聚丙烯纤维力学性能基本没有变化。X光电子能谱分析表明吸湿性能和染色性能改变是由于经等离子体处理后丙纶表面引入含氧、含氮基团所致。     

Modification of polyester fabrics by in situ plasma or post-plasma polymerisation of acrylic acid

In order to increase the hydrophilicities, thereby to impart soil resistance and to improve dyeability, poly(ethylene terephatalate) (polyester) fabrics were treated in low-temperature plasmas. Two alternative modifications were applied. Fabrics were directly treated in acrylic acid plasma in one investigation, while in the other they were first treated in argon plasma and then immersed in an aqueous acrylic acid bath. The plasma conditions (i.e. exposure time and discharge power) were changed to control the extent of plasma surface modification in the first approach, while the acrylic acid content and the incubation time were changed in the second procedure. The wettability, and therefore the dyeability and soil repellency, of polyester fabrics was significantly improved by both methods. The second method resulted in better dyeability and soil repellency in contrast to lower surface wettability.     

PA6－PEG共聚纤维和PA6－PEG／PA6共混纤维的物理与力学性能

研究了ＰＡ６－ＰＥＧ共聚纤维以及不同组成比的ＰＡ６－ＰＥＧ／ＰＡ６共混纤维的各项性能。得到了平衡吸湿率可达８％左右的改性纤维。纤维的染色性和手感也有显著改善，力学性能可满足纺织加工的要求。     

PA6－PEG共聚纤维和PA6－PEG／PA6共混纤维的物理与力学性能

研究了ＰＡ６－ＰＥＧ共聚纤维以及不同组成比的ＰＡ６－ＰＥＧ／ＰＡ６共混纤维的各项性能。得到了平衡吸湿率可达８％左右的改性纤维。纤维的染色性和手感也有显著改善，力学性能可满足纺织加工的要求。     

生物酶在腈纶及涤纶改性中的应用

介绍了腈水合酶及酯酶分别在腈纶和涤纶改性中的应用。在腈水合酶的作用下 ,腈纶表面的氰基可水解生成亲水性较强的酰胺基 ,从而提高腈纶的抗静电性及吸湿性能 ,同时赋予腈纶酸性染料可染性能。酯酶可以催化涤纶大分子中的酯基水解 ,为疏水性的涤纶引入亲水性基团 ,明显提高涤纶的润湿性及手感。     

TCS微孔化新合纤微观形态与性能研究

主要研究了碱减量处理后的微孔化新合纤中的微孔穴形态及其分布与纤维的保水率、上染率及力学性能 之间的内在联系,探讨了无机纳米颗粒对微孔穴形态结构与纤维质量的影响。