15.0%卫根微乳剂对番茄根结线虫的防治效果

[目的]进一步明确15.0%卫根微乳剂的防治效果.[方法]设置15.0%卫根微乳剂7.5、15.0、22.5 L/hm<'2> 3个处理,以1.8%阿维菌素乳油15 L/hm<'2>为对照,研究各处理对番茄根结线虫的防治效果.[结果]卫根微乳剂7.5、15.0、22.5 L/hm<'2>3个处理,药后90 d土壤中2龄幼虫数量减退率分别为-14.10%、38.27%和54.98%.而对照药剂1.8%阿维因素15.0 L/hm<'2>处理的线虫减退率为16.12%.药后90 d 15.0%卫根微乳剂各处理对番茄根结线虫的防治效果分别为66.19%、70.97%和76.00%.而对照药剂为67.10%.[结论]15.0%卫根微乳剂可有效地控制根结线虫对番茄的危害,有较高的推广应用价值.     

乙醇处理及地膜覆盖对土壤根结线虫及微生物量碳的影响

[目的]探讨乙醇溶液处理与地膜覆盖对根结线虫的防治效果,以及引起微生物量碳的变化状况.[方法]乙醇溶液体积分数分别为0%(对照)、0.5%、1.0%、1.5%、2.0%、2.5%、3.0%.处理共设2组(每组21盆),一组喷洒乙醇溶液后用地膜覆盖,另一组喷洒乙醇溶液后不覆盖.于喷施乙醇溶液5、10、15、20、25 d后采样.[结果]处理后15 d,2.5%乙醇溶液降低土壤根结线虫数量效果最佳,2.0%乙醇溶液对微生物量碳变化的影响最小.地膜覆盖对乙醇溶液防治根结线虫有增强作用,并能增加微生物量碳.[结论]该研究可为防治土壤根结线虫提供理论依据.     

钩状木霉Th12菌株液体发酵条件的研究

[目的]研究钩状木霉Th12菌株最适的液体发酵条件,为研制和开发生物防治木霉制剂提供理论基础.[方法]采用稀释土壤平板法以及平板对峙法筛选、鉴定出钩状木霉Th12菌株,并考察了碳源、氮源、发酵时间、发酵温度、初始pH、接菌量、装瓶量、摇床转速对木霉菌丝体产量的影响.[结果]木霉Th12菌株的最适液体发酵条件为以葡萄糖为碳源、蛋白胨为氮源、发酵温度为25℃、初始pH为6、接菌量为0.8 ml、装瓶量为50ml、摇床转速为180 r/min的培养液C中培养3d,此时菌丝体产量最高.[结论]木霉Th12菌株在最佳液体培养条件中能最大限度地提供用于草坪镰孢枯萎病和褐斑病病害防治的菌丝体量.     

秸秆预处理对米根霉发酵产L-乳酸的影响

[目的]有效提高秸秆利用率.[方法]研究了不同种类洗涤剂预处理对秸秆酸水解液发酵产乳酸的影响.[结果]未经处理的秸秆,米根霉利用其酸水解液发酵,在发酵36h时,乳酸含量最高为1.98g/L,糖酸转化率为5.36%,而采用中性及碱性洗涤剂对秸秆进行预处理,均能够提高米根霉转化秸秆水解液为乳酸的转化率,其中2%皂粉预处理效果最好,其秸秆酸水解液发酵36h,产乳酸量为8.68g/L,发酵60h,乳酸含量达到最高10.64 g/L,糖酸转化率为43.02%.[结论]皂粉处理是较为理想的一种秸秆预处理方法.     

里氏木霉外源表达载体的构建

[目的]构建里氏木霉外源表达栽体.[方法]以里氏木霉40359的CBHI启动子和终止子构建了里氏木霉40359外源表达栽体,并用该表达载体成功表达了抗潮霉素B磷酸转移酶基因,得到6株可在含175 mg/L潮霉素的基础培养基上生长的抗性菌株;提取6株抗性菌株的DNA整合到里氏木霉菌株中,并对其进行潮霉素耐受性检测.[结果]6株抗性菌株的抗潮霉素能力比原始菌株提高了75%;转基因菌株的潮霉素抗性可以稳定遗传,证明表达栽体构建成功.[结论]为开展里氏木霉分子生物学研究与遗传改造奠定了基础.     

利用四环素菌渣生产复合饲用酶制剂的研究

[目的]为四环素菌渣的处理及资源化利用提供依据.[方法]分别以不同比例四环素菌渣和麸皮为培养基,利用黑曲霉、康宁木霉和绿色木霉协同发酵处理四环素菌渣,在生产复合酶制剂的同时降解菌渣中残留的抗生素.[结果]在四环素菌渣:麸皮=7:3,培养基水分50%,厚度10 cm,培养温度25～30℃条件下好氧发酵96 h,可得到富含纤维素酶、木聚糖酶、β-葡萄糖酶和酸性蛋白酶的复合酶制剂,且菌渣中残留四环素的降解率可达97.3%.[结论]该研究确定了四环素菌渣中残留抗生素的最佳降解条件.     

红树林湿地土壤萘降解菌的分离与鉴定

[目的]研究降解菌株对萘的降解能力,为其应用于被石油污染滨海湿地的生物修复提供参考.[方法]采用富集培养方法,从珠海市淇澳岛被石油污染的红树林湿地土壤中富集、分离和筛选出能降解萘的菌株,观察各菌落及菌体形态特征;研究菌株N4的生理生化特征,并应用16S rDNA序列分析方法进行鉴定.[结果]从土壤样中分离得到26个能以萘为唯一碳源生长的菌株,其中4个在平板上菌落较明显且具有不同的菌落特征,分别命名为N1、N2、N3和N4.菌株N4对萘的降解能力最强,在初始萘浓度为100 mg/L的无机盐培养基中培养5 d,萘降解率为54.2%,而菌株N1、N2和N3的降解率分别为52.7%、52.5%和47.8%.菌株N4经16S rDNA序列分析方法鉴定为赤红球菌.[结论]从被石油污染的红树林湿地土壤分离筛选出对萘具有较高降解能力的菌株.     

降解秸秆功能菌的筛选及特性研究

通过初筛、复筛,从稻草腐烂垛土壤中分离出一株降解秸秆能力较强的菌株.经形态研究后,初步鉴定该茵株属于木霉属,命名为菌株JL01,并对其进行生理特性研究.结果表明,菌株JL01能耐受的最高温度为38℃左右、对NaCI耐受度为16%左右、对酒精的耐受性最高为18%左右、pH值在4-9均能生长.     

厚垣轮枝菌发酵液对大豆胞囊线虫的抑制作用

在大豆胞囊线虫(Heterodera glycines)自然衰退土壤中的胞囊线虫卵上分离得到6株厚垣轮枝茵(Verticillium chlamydosporium),实验室条件下,研究了该6株厚垣轮枝菌发酵液原液对大豆胞囊线虫卵孵化及对二龄幼虫(J2)活性的影响.结果表明,6株厚垣轮枝菌的发酵液原液对大豆胞囊线虫卵孵化均无明显的抑制作用;除了菌株E-13的发酵液对J2活性无影响外,其他5株对大豆胞囊线虫二龄幼虫(J2)活性均有强烈的抑制作用,尤其以E-7和E-8的作用最为明显,J2在作用24 h后全部致死.     

大豆疫霉拮抗菌株的筛选与鉴定

[目的]筛选具有生防潜力的大豆疫霉拮抗菌,为寻找病害防控措施、设计新的疫病控制策略提供基础.[方法]从黑龙江省3个不同地区采集大豆根围土壤样本并分离各类土壤微生物,采用对峙培养法筛选出对大豆疫霉有拮抗作用的微生物,并在此基础上测定拮抗力较强微生物对大豆疫霉菌的生长抑制率及其对大豆疫病的控制作用.[结果]从土壤中分离得到1株拮抗效果相对较好的细菌,命名为B048菌株.对峙试验结果显示,拮抗细菌B048菌株对大豆疫霉的生长抑制率达97.5%;拮抗持久力测定显示,在与大豆疫霉对峙培养21 d时抑菌带宽度仍达20.0 mm;在盆栽试验中,B048对大豆疫病的防治效果为100%.经形态学和16S rDNA序列分析,初步鉴定该拮抗细菌为短小芽孢杆菌(Bacillus pumilus).[结论]拮抗细菌B048菌株具有较好的开发成大豆疫病生物防治菌的前景.     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

焦炭热性能指标意义浅析

通过对焦炭在高炉内的历程及其变化规律的剖析,阐述焦炭热性能指标的意义,形象地把焦炭在高炉内的损耗分为三部分(M1,M2,M3)。指出M2对焦比及焦炭价格有一定的指导作用。     

Results of treatment of cancer of the cardia

Cancer of the cardia is traditionally discussed with cardiac cancer of the lower portion of the esophagus and upper gastric cancer invading the esophagus, and the specific characteristics of cancer of the cardia have never been clearly defined. We reviewed the outcome of 172 patients with adenocarcinoma of the cardia who had undergone radical surgery between 1949 and 1994 in the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Cancer Institute Hospital. The centers of the tumors were located within 2 cm above and below the boundary between the esophagus and the stomach, and their longitudinal diameter was less than 8 cm. We divided the patients into an early period (1949-1979; n = 79) and a late period (1980-1994; n = 93), and focused on the historical transition. There were no differences in patient gender or histology between the two periods. However, the late period was associated with fewer cases of esophageal invasion and shorter longitudinal diameter, as the age of the population advanced. The number of advanced cancers such as the localized and infiltrative type had decreased, and early cancer and early clinical stage had become more common, but despite the fact that the number of early cancers had increased, extended dissection, such as thoracic and paraaortic lymph node dissection, was performed more frequently. By clinical stage, the long-term outcome markedly improved in Stage I patient in the late period, and tended to improve in Stage II and III patients. This appears to have been attributable to the prevention of micrometastasis by extended dissection, although the number of early cancers is another major potential cause. There were no differences in the outcome of Stage IV patients between the two periods, and further advances in multimodality therapy must be awaited. The range of resection is basically proximal gastrectomy, and if there are adequate indications, the prognosis is favorable. In view of the status of lymphatic flow and lymph node metastasis, and long-term results, lateroaortic lymph node dissection is important. Since the number of early cancer patients has been increasing, if intraabdominal recurrence is prevented, intrathoracic lymph node dissection will contribute greatly to the outcome of such patients.     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Effect of antibiotics of chemotaxis of human leukocytes

The effect of 20 different antibiotics on chemotaxis by human neutrophils was studied. Human leukocytes incubated with chloramphenicol, rifampin, sodium fusidate, and tetracyclines in vitro showed markedly depressed migration. The mechanisms by which these antibiotics affect leukotaxis are discussed.     

Quality of life of relatives of mental patients

Usage of quality of life of psychiatric patients' relatives as the parameter of estimation of the quality of psychiatric care is considered. By means of standard questionnaire elaborated by the authors as well as by means of both individual and group conversations the quality of life was analyzed in 40 relatives which lived together with psychiatric patients. Different spheres of their life and difficulties (financial, social-psychologic, production) were examined in families with such patients. The defects of psychiatric care that had direct influence on the quality of life of the psychiatric patients' relatives are outlined.