食用菌黏菌病化学防治研究

[目的]寻找食用菌黏菌病的有效化学防治方法.[方法]选取一些低毒、无污染的化学制剂.进行室内毒力试验,测定其对黏菌的抑制作用;通过室内生测结果选取对平菇菌丝生长影响较小的药剂进行菇棚内黏菌病防治试验.[结果]试验结果表明:绿丹苦参1 000倍液+水杨酸300倍液组合、克霉先锋1 000倍液、绿丹苦参1 000倍液、水杨酸300倍液效果较好,是生产实践中防治黏菌病应优先选用的药剂.[结论]研究结果为食用菌黏菌病的有效控制奠定了基础.     

拮抗酵母菌对苹果采后青霉病的防治效果

[目的]为拮抗菌的商业化贮藏应用提供依据.[方法]通过室内培养筛选出2株具有拮抗效果的酵母菌,通过活体和离体试验,研究拮抗酵母菌对青霉引起的苹果采后痛害的防治效果.[结果]活体条件下,含量为2×108CFU/ml的2株酵母菌对青霉菌具有较明显的抑制效果,其中菌株1的防效为89%,菌株2的防效为92%;离体条件下,含量为106CFU/ml的2株酵母菌可完全抑制青霉菌生长;用酵母菌菌悬液浸果后,贮藏20 d时苹果未出现腐烂现象,20 d后酵母菌菌株2在苹果上的数量为初始值的15.0倍,菌株1在苹果上的数量为初始值的10.2倍.[结论]2株酵母菌均可在苹果伤口上迅速繁殖,可有效防治苹果青霉痛.     

6种药剂防治中海拔地区烟草赤星病的药效研究

[目的]筛选能有效防治中海拔地区烟草赤星病病害发生及危害的药剂.[方法]设计6个不同施药处理与不施药空白对照,采用随机区组方法进行小区试验.[结果]各药剂处理均对赤星病的发生和危害有一定的抑制作用,以戴琼脂帽Ⅱ(含10%宝利安0.1g)效果最好,产量和产值较大,其次是戴琼脂帽Ⅰ(含10%宝利安0.3g)和戴琼脂帽Ⅲ(含40%菌核净0.6g).且各施药处理对烟株农艺性状影响不大.[结论]烟株打项后戴含有10%宝利安0.1 g、10%宝利安0.3 g或含40%菌核净0.6g的琼脂帽能有效抑制赤星病的发生和危害,提高收益,可进行一定面积的推广.     

葎草对植物种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响

[目的]探讨葎草在生长过程中对其他植物的影响.[方法]采用培养皿滤纸法,研究葎草水浸提液对番茄、矮脚黄、莴苣种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响.[结果]葎草水浸提液对3种植物种子终萌发率的影响是有差异的,对番茄种子萌发没有明显影响,对矮脚黄、莴苣的影响较显著,而且地上部浸提液对矮脚黄种子萌发抑制作用较地下部强,而地下部浸提液对莴苣萌发的抑制作用较地上部明显.葎草不同部位浸提液对3种植物根长和苗长生长的影响趋势是一致的,不同处理浓度,抑制根长生长,而刺激苗长生长.[结论]该研究为农业生产和植物源除草剂的研究提供了理论依据.     

pH及浓度对次氯酸钠除藻效果的影响

[目的]研究次氯酸钠在不同浓度和不同pH条件下对羊角月牙藻的杀灭效果.[方法]以细胞数和叶绿素a作为检测项目,研究次氯酸钠在不同条件下对羊角月牙藻的杀灭效果以及叶绿素a褪色后的藻细胞活性.[结果]次氯酸钠浓度越高,叶绿素a的褪色效果越好,但细胞数减少量变化不明显.在3mg/L的NaClO条件下,pH为4.7的藻液中叶绿素a褪色率(62%)是pH为9.4(5%)的12倍.叶绿素a褪色率为95%和100%的藻液离心后重新接种到新鲜培养基中,藻细胞的数量呈逐渐下降趋势.[结论]pH越低,次氯酸钠的除藻效果越好.叶绿素a褪色后藻细胞失去了生长繁殖的能力.通过调节pH和NaClO浓度相结合的方法可有效抑制藻类生长,控制藻类的爆发.     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

焦炭热性能指标意义浅析

通过对焦炭在高炉内的历程及其变化规律的剖析,阐述焦炭热性能指标的意义,形象地把焦炭在高炉内的损耗分为三部分(M1,M2,M3)。指出M2对焦比及焦炭价格有一定的指导作用。     

Results of treatment of cancer of the cardia

Cancer of the cardia is traditionally discussed with cardiac cancer of the lower portion of the esophagus and upper gastric cancer invading the esophagus, and the specific characteristics of cancer of the cardia have never been clearly defined. We reviewed the outcome of 172 patients with adenocarcinoma of the cardia who had undergone radical surgery between 1949 and 1994 in the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Cancer Institute Hospital. The centers of the tumors were located within 2 cm above and below the boundary between the esophagus and the stomach, and their longitudinal diameter was less than 8 cm. We divided the patients into an early period (1949-1979; n = 79) and a late period (1980-1994; n = 93), and focused on the historical transition. There were no differences in patient gender or histology between the two periods. However, the late period was associated with fewer cases of esophageal invasion and shorter longitudinal diameter, as the age of the population advanced. The number of advanced cancers such as the localized and infiltrative type had decreased, and early cancer and early clinical stage had become more common, but despite the fact that the number of early cancers had increased, extended dissection, such as thoracic and paraaortic lymph node dissection, was performed more frequently. By clinical stage, the long-term outcome markedly improved in Stage I patient in the late period, and tended to improve in Stage II and III patients. This appears to have been attributable to the prevention of micrometastasis by extended dissection, although the number of early cancers is another major potential cause. There were no differences in the outcome of Stage IV patients between the two periods, and further advances in multimodality therapy must be awaited. The range of resection is basically proximal gastrectomy, and if there are adequate indications, the prognosis is favorable. In view of the status of lymphatic flow and lymph node metastasis, and long-term results, lateroaortic lymph node dissection is important. Since the number of early cancer patients has been increasing, if intraabdominal recurrence is prevented, intrathoracic lymph node dissection will contribute greatly to the outcome of such patients.     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Effect of antibiotics of chemotaxis of human leukocytes

The effect of 20 different antibiotics on chemotaxis by human neutrophils was studied. Human leukocytes incubated with chloramphenicol, rifampin, sodium fusidate, and tetracyclines in vitro showed markedly depressed migration. The mechanisms by which these antibiotics affect leukotaxis are discussed.     

Quality of life of relatives of mental patients

Usage of quality of life of psychiatric patients' relatives as the parameter of estimation of the quality of psychiatric care is considered. By means of standard questionnaire elaborated by the authors as well as by means of both individual and group conversations the quality of life was analyzed in 40 relatives which lived together with psychiatric patients. Different spheres of their life and difficulties (financial, social-psychologic, production) were examined in families with such patients. The defects of psychiatric care that had direct influence on the quality of life of the psychiatric patients' relatives are outlined.